scholarly journals Modifications of Midfacial Soft-Tissue Thickness Among Different Skeletal Classes in Italian Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Daniele Gibelli ◽  
Matteo Zago ◽  
Annalisa Cappella ◽  
Claudia Dolci ◽  
Chiarella Sforza
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Italian Children ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The anatomical assessment of the arrangement of facial soft tissues has important applications in different fields from orthodontics to plastic surgery. One of the issues concerns the relationship between facial soft tissue thickness and skeletal class. Literature mainly deals with adult populations, whereas very few studies have been focused on children. Objective: This study aims at investigating the relationship between midline facial soft tissue thickness and skeletal classes in Italian pre-treatment orthodontic child patients. Methods: Lateral cephalometric X-ray films were obtained from 220 healthy Caucasoid children (91 males and 129 females), aged between 6 and 18 years (Class I: 41 males and 70 females; Class II: 18 males and 25 females; Class III: 32 males and 34 females). All the films were digitized and 14 soft tissue thicknesses were measured on the midface; in addition, the skeletal class was assessed according to the corrected ANB angle (ANBc). Differences in facial soft tissue thickness according to sex and skeletal class were assessed through two-way ANOVA test (p<0.01). Results: Statistically significant differences according to sex were found for labrale superius, stomion and labrale inferius, with thicker soft tissues in males than in females (p<0.01). Only measurements at labrale superius and gnathion showed statistically significant differences according to skeletal class, with thicker soft tissues in Class III children and thinner ones in Class II children (p<0.01). Conclusion: The limited number of investigations, as well as the differences in protocols, renders the comparison of results from different studies difficult, suggesting further investigations to enlighten this complex and debated anatomical issue.

scholarly journals Soft tissue thickness of face profile conditioning by dento-skeletal anomalies

2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 439-445
Author(s):  
Tatjana Tanic ◽  
Zorica Blazej ◽  
Vladimir Mitic
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Skeletal Anomalies ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Soft Tissue Profile

Introduction. Orthodontic treatment of dento-skeletal anomalies is generally based on the correction of teeth and jaws relationship, while it is expected that soft facial tissue spontaneously adapts to therapeutically achieved relationship and to accompany hard tissue changes. Objective. To establish facial soft tissue thickness conditioning by the presence of dento-skeletal anomalies. Methods. The study was performed at the Dental Clinic of Nis, and involved the analysis of cephalometric rendgenograms in 121 patients, aged 12-18 years, with no previous orthodontical treatment. According to dento-skeletal relationship between teeth and jaws the patients were divided into four groups; class I (control group), class II of division 1, class II of division 2 and class III. The standard analysis of dento-skeletal profile was done according to Steiner and soft tissue profile according to Burstone was done in all. Results. The patients of class II/1 had a significantly thinner upper lip (t=2.650; p<0.05) and thinner upper lip sulcus (t=1.999; p<0.05). The patients of class II/2 had a significantly thicker upper lip (t=2.912; p<0.01), while those of class III had a significantly thinner lower lip (t=3.900; p<0.001). Conclusion. The thickness of facial soft tissue considerably influences facial profile appearance in persons with a dento-skeletal anomaly. Not only do soft tissues adapt to the existing jaws relationship, but can also camouflage present anomalies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of facial soft tissue thickness in asymmetric mandibular deformities after orthognathic surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luo Huang ◽  
Zhicong Li ◽  
Jing Yan ◽  
Lunqiu Chen ◽  
Zheng-guo Piao
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Thickness Change ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
The Face

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare differences in facial soft tissue thickness in three-dimensional (3D) images before and after orthognathic surgery in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and to obtain a better understanding of the relationship between hard and soft tissue changes after surgery. Materials and method The present retrospective study included 31 patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion with mandibular chin deviation greater than 4 mm who had undergone cone-beam computed tomography before and 6 months after surgery. Seven bilateral points were established. Measurements were taken from software-generated multiplanar reconstructions. The predictor variables were timing (pre- and postoperatively) and side (deviated vs. nondedicated). A regression model and correlation analysis were conducted for statistical analysis. Results The difference of bilateral facial soft tissue thickness was statistically significantly different between deviated and nondeviated sides (P < 0.05), with lower values observed on the deviated side. The soft tissue thickness has become nearly symmetric at local regions of the lower thirds of the face after orthognathic surgery. However, most measurements showed a negative correlation between changes in soft tissue thickness and changes in bone tissues. Conclusions Skeletal Class III malocclusion with facial asymmetry is accompanied by differences in soft tissue thickness when comparing Dev and N-Dev sides of the posterior region of the mandible, where soft tissues are thinner on the Dev side. Soft tissue thickness can compensate for or camouflage the underlying asymmetric mandible. In addition, the asymmetric soft tissue thickness on the lower third of the face can be partially improved by orthognathic surgery, but the amount of soft tissue thickness change is not consistent with that of hard tissue positional change.

scholarly journals Variation of Facial Soft Tissue Thickness in Nepalese Adult Orthodontic Subjects

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Ravi Kumar Mahto ◽  
Dashrath Kafle ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Singh ◽  
Sonika Khanal ◽  
Siddhartha Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Female Subjects

Introduction: Variations in facial soft tissue thickness have been established previously by studies conducted in different population. Hence, it is essential to obtain facial soft tissue thickness measurement data specific to a population and develop individual standards. The objective of this research is to obtain facial soft tissue thickness data of Nepalese adult male and female subjects seeking orthodontic treatment with different sagittal skeletal malocclusion and evaluate variations in facial soft tissue thickness. Materials & Method: Facial soft tissue thicknesses was measured manually on ninety pretreatment lateral cephalogram at eleven points (Glabella, Nasion, Rhinion, Subnasale, Labrale superius, Stomion, Labrale inferius, Labiomentale, Pogonion,Gnathion and Menton). One-way Analysis of variances [one-way ANOVA] followed by Least significant difference (LSD) post hoc test was used to determine difference in facial soft tissue thickness measurements among three sagittal skeletal group for both sexes. In addition, Student’s t-test was used to find difference in facial soft tissue thickness between the male and female subjects in each skeletal Class. Result: Statistically significant differences were found at points Rhinion, Subnasale, Labrale superius, Stomion and Gnathion in males and at Subnasale, Labrale superius, Stomion and Labrale inferius in females while comparing facial soft tissue thickness among three sagittal skeletal classes. Also, it was observed that mean facial soft tissue thickness was greater for males as compared to female subjects with significant differences at Subnasale, Labrale superius, and Labrale inferius in each skeletal Class. Conclusion: Facial soft tissue thickness varies considerably among different population group, sex and sagittal relationship of jaws.

scholarly journals Evaluating Soft Tissue Thickness in Different Anterior-Posterior Skeletal Classifications Informative

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1629-1634
Author(s):  
Saba Safarzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Monirifard ◽  
Farinaz Shirban
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Background: The soft tissue thickness is affected by anterior posterior skeletal relationship. This study has been designed to evaluate the soft tissue thickness among different anterior posterior skeletal classifications. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 206 digital lateral cephalometric radiographs from patients undergoing treatment at several orthodontic clinics were evaluated. The skeletal group was determined by the ANB angle. The planned points were determined on digital radiographs using the Digimizer.V4.1.1.0 and then the measurements were done. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, Pearson Correlation and Spearman tests. Results: Significant difference showed between soft tissue thickness at Subnasale between class I and II, at Subnasale, Labrale Superius, Stomion Superius, Stomion Inferius between class I and III and at Subnasale, Labrale Superius, Stomion Superius, Stomion Inferius, between class II and III. Among the women, soft tissue thickness at subnasale were higher in class I group compared to class II, Subnasale, Labrale Superius, Stomion Superius, Stomion Inferius were higher in class III compared to class I and at Labrale Inferius was higher in class II compared to class III. Among the men, soft tissue thickness at Stomion Superius, Stomion Inferius and Labrale Superius were higher in class III group compared to class I and II. Conclusion: We established that soft tissue thickness in some landmarks were significantly different between skeletal groups and gender. There is a correlation in soft tissue thickness and skeletal relationship at Stomion Inferius, Subnasale, Labrale Superius, Stomion Superius. Keywords: Soft Tissue, Skeletal Classification, Cephalometry

A dense approach for computation of facial soft tissue thickness data

2021 ◽  
pp. 200460
Author(s):  
Diana Toneva ◽  
Silviya Nikolova ◽  
Stanislav Harizanov ◽  
Dora Zlatareva ◽  
Vassil Hadjidekov
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness

The Relationship of Undifferentiated Mesenchymal Cells to TMJ Articular Tissue Thickness

1992 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 1816-1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. Bibb ◽  
A.G. Pullinger ◽  
F. Baldioceda
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Articular Eminence ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Cartilage Layer ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Undifferentiated mesenchymal (UM) cells, the progenitor cells of the cartilage layer, have been assigned a significant role in TMJ articular tissue maintenance. This was based on reports of UM cell reduction with increased soft-tissue thickness for the condyle and temporal component. However, the strength of this inverse relationship was not presented and remained unclear. The purpose of the present study was to assess the strength of the correlation between UM cell presence and soft-tissue thickness in young adult TMJs at autopsy. Sagittal histological sections from the central thirds of 50 joints were evaluated with respect to articular soft-tissue thickness, histological character, and UM cell presence in the condyle and temporal component. The superior sector ofthe condyle and the articular eminence showed the greatest variability in soft-tissue thickness and were the only areas to show localized UM cell absence. The eminence was the only location to show an inverse relationship between soft-tissue thickness and UM cell presence, and this was consistent in both an ANOVA (p = 0.0016) and a Spearman correlation analysis. However, the strength of this correlation was only moderate (rho = -0.52), and no such relationship was observed in any other location. This study suggests that the relationship between UM cell presence and soft-tissue thickness is more complex than previously hypothesized and that the contribution of UM cells to articular tissue maintenance has been overstated, while other biological processes were overlooked.

Midsagittal facial soft tissue thickness norms in an adult Mediterranean population

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 217.e1-217.e7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad Ayoub ◽  
Maria Saadeh ◽  
Georges Rouhana ◽  
Ramzi Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Mediterranean Population ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness

scholarly journals Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy in the Shortest Buccal Bone Marrow Distances of the Mandible on the Coronal Plane

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Chun-Ming Chen ◽  
Han-Jen Hsu ◽  
Ping-Ho Chen ◽  
Shih-Wei Liang ◽  
I-Ling Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Coronal Plane ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy ◽  
Mandibular Foramen ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Pattern ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose. This study investigated the relationship between the shortest buccal bone marrow of the ramus and skeletal patterns. Materials and Methods. Using cone-beam computed tomography data (specifically, the A point-nasion-B point (ANB) angle), we divided patients into three groups as follows: skeletal class I ( 0 ° < ANB < 4 ° ), class II (ANB: ≥4°), and class III (ANB: ≤0°). Sixteen vertical sections in the coronal plane were taken starting from slice 0 (original intact mandibular canal) anteriorly at 2 mm intervals to slice 15 (30 mm). The thickness of the mandible (M) and shortest buccal bone marrow (SBM) were measured. The data of SBM were divided into two groups ( SBM ≥ 1   mm and SBM < 1   mm ). For each skeletal pattern, an SBM   value < 1   mm was considered to indicate a high possibility of postoperative nerve paresthesia and bad split. Results. The three skeletal pattern groups also did not significantly differ in their M values for all sections. The mean SBM values of class III (0.91–2.11 mm) at 6–16 mm anterior to the mandibular foramen were significantly smaller than those of class II (1.53–3.17 mm). Comparing the occurrence ratio of SBM < 1   mm , the highest and lowest probabilities in class III (55% and 21.7%, respectively) were significantly larger at 6–20 mm anterior to the mandibular foramen than those in class II (28.3% and 5%, respectively). Conclusion. Class III had a significantly shorter SBM distance and higher SBM occurrence probability than class II at the mandibular ramus region, implying that class III participants are more likely than class II participants to have nerve paresthesia and bad split after sagittal split ramus osteotomy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document