scholarly journals Drying Potential of Leaves Oil of Zanthoxylum armatum DC from North India

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Lata Rana ◽  
Ankita Rai ◽  
Lalit M. Tewari ◽  
Neha Chopra ◽  
Naveen C. Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Material ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
North India ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum ◽  
Fresh Plant ◽  
Fresh Plant Material

Background: The study on drying and its social acceptance has increased rapidly. Among different drying techniques, shade drying is one of the most feasible methods to keep intact from the decay of the main active components of the plant materials. Shade drying is an ancient drying method that increases durability, major constituents and activity of the plant material. Aims: Research was conducted to examine the drying potential of aromatic leaves oil of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. Methods: The fresh plant material was collected from Lohaghat, Champawat district of Uttarakhand and hydrodistilled before and after shade drying to assess the changes in the quality of volatile constituents by GC and GC-MS techniques. A two-tailed paired t-test was executed to assess the difference between drying treatments using MS-Excel. Results: The major components in the fresh oil were 2-undecane, linalool, (E)-β-ocimene, α-pinene and β-phellandrene. In the oil from dried material, the three predominant compounds were noted. A significant increase was observed in the percentage of β-phellandrene, undecanal and myrcene after shade drying (p<0.01). Five components absent in the fresh plant material appeared and one disappeared during the drying process. Conclusion: Shade drying significantly influenced the essential oil composition of Z. armatum.

Extraction and Analysis of Carotenoids in Fresh Plant Materials

1974 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-512
Author(s):  
Forrest W Quackenbush
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Present Method ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Direct Extraction ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Fresh Plant ◽  
Fresh Plant Material

Abstract Efforts were made to develop an improved method of analysis for the carotenoids in fresh plant material. The present official final action method (39.014—39.017) does not include analysis for xanthophylls. Use of ethanol as extractant compared favorably with the use of acetonehexane mixtures specified in the present method (39.015). Direct extraction of the residue after evaporation of an aliquot of the ethanol extract avoided xanthophyll losses that may be encountered in phasic partition. This extract was then chromatographed on silica gel G to separate carotenes and monohydroxy and dihydroxy pigments from non-pigmenting epoxy-xanthophylls. Magnesia chromatography of a portion of the ethanol extract followed by methanolic HC1 treatment of the xanthophyll fraction gave inconsistent results, apparently because of variable degrees of xanthophyll destruction by the HC1.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Composition ofPinus peuceGriseb. Needles and Twigs from Two National Parks of Kosovo

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avni Hajdari ◽  
Behxhet Mustafa ◽  
Dashnor Nebija ◽  
Hyrmete Selimi ◽  
Zeqir Veselaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
National Park ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Geographical Variations

The principal aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition and qualitative and quantitative variability of essential oils obtained from seven naturally grown populations of thePinus peuceGrisebach, Pinaceae in Kosovo. Plant materials were collected from three populations in the Sharri National Park and from four other populations in the Bjeshkët e Nemuna National Park, in Kosovo. Essential oils were obtained by steam distillation and analyzed by GC-FID (Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry). The results showed that the yield of essential oils (v/wdry weight) varied depending on the origin of population and the plant organs and ranged from 0.7 to 3.3%. In total, 51 compounds were identified. The main compounds wereα-pinene (needles: 21.6–34.9%; twigs: 11.0–24%),β-phellandrene (needles: 4.1–27.7; twigs: 29.0–49.8%), andβ-pinene (needles: 10.0–16.1; twigs: 6.9–20.7%). HCA (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) and PCA (Principal Component Analyses) were used to assess geographical variations in essential oil composition. Statistical analysis showed that the analyzed populations are grouped in three main clusters which seem to reflect microclimatic conditions on the chemical composition of the essential oils.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Essential Oil among Seven Populations of Zanthoxylum armatum from Himachal Pradesh: Chemotypic and Seasonal Variation

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod Bhatt ◽  
Sushila Sharma ◽  
Neeraj Kumar ◽  
Upendra Sharma ◽  
Bikram Singh
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Fresh Leaf ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum ◽  
Total Composition

Essential oil from the fresh leaf of Zanthoxylum armatum, collected from the different regions of Himachal Pradesh, India, was obtained by hydrodistillation. The main constituents of essential oil, as well as locational and seasonal change in its composition have been determined by GC-FID and GC-MS techniques. Thirty-five constituents, making up about 93.1-99.4% of the total composition of oil, were characterized. Among all the characterized components, non-terpenic hydrocarbons (2-undecanone and ( E)-2-decanal), oxygenated monoterpenes (linalool, 1,8-cineol and β-terpineol) and monoterpene hydrocarbons ( β-phellandrene, α-pinene, sabinene and β-myrcene) contribute to major proportion of oil. Further, principal component analysis was carried out to distinguish the variation of essential oil composition among the collected samples in summer and winter season. Based on the cluster separation, five chemotypes were identified, representing β-phellandrene/2-undecanone; linalool/2-undecanone; linalool; 2-undecanone; 2-undecanone /1,8-cineol.

The chemical composition of native organic matter influences the response of bacterial community to input of biochar and fresh plant material

2015 ◽  
Vol 395 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 87-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congying Wang ◽  
Craig Anderson ◽  
Manuel Suárez-Abelenda ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Marta Camps-Arbestain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Fresh Plant ◽  
Fresh Plant Material ◽  
Native Organic Matter

scholarly journals Aroma Compounds of Mountain Tea (Sideritis scardica and S. raeseri) from Western Balkan

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bujar Qazimi ◽  
Gjoshe Stefkov ◽  
Marija Karapandzova ◽  
Ivana Cvetkovikj ◽  
Svetlana Kulevanova
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Aroma Compounds ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Fresh Plant ◽  
Fresh Plant Material ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Volatile Aroma ◽  
Aroma Components

The composition of the volatile aroma components was defined in the dried and fresh aerial parts of Sideritis scardica Griseb. from R. Macedonia and S. raeseri Boiss. & Heldr. from R. Macedonia, Albania and Greece. Analysis was made by gas chromatography (GC/FID/MS) equipped with a headspace (HS) sampler. Thirty-two components (15 monoterpenes representing 33.2–62.8% and 17 sesquiterpenes representing 25.2–51.2% of the entire volatiles) were identified as aroma components of dried plant material of S. scardica. Thirty components {14 monoterpenes (19.3–74.2%), 2 alcohols (6.2–38.4%) and 14 sesquiterpenes (18.2–33.5%)} were identified as aroma components in the fresh aerial parts of S. scardica. The predominant components were trans-caryophyllene, β-pinene, α-pinene and 1-octen-3-ol, which were found only in the fresh samples. In the aerial parts of S. raeseri, 43 components were identified in the dried samples {22 monoterpenes (65.7–94.3%) and 21 sesquiterpenes (5.4–27.8%)} and 29 components {15 monoterpenes (77.3–90.7%) and 14 sesquiterpenes (6.3–18.2%)} in the respective fresh samples. Prevailing components in all tested samples of S. raeseri were β-pinene, α-pinene, α-copaene, sabinene and limonene. Only minor differences were revealed in the qualitative composition of the aroma volatiles between the dried and fresh plant material of both species. Furthermore there was almost no difference in the chemical profiles of the aroma compounds between S. scardica and S. raeseri, except for 1-octen-3-ol, which was present only in fresh S. scardica.

scholarly journals Results of competitive variety trials of promising cultivar of Melissa officinalis L. subsp. Altissima (Smith.) Arcang.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Nevkrytaya ◽  
◽  
I.A. Novikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Variety Trials ◽  
Variety Trial ◽  
Fresh Plant ◽  
Fresh Plant Material ◽  
Germacrene D

In 2017–2019, a competitive variety trial of promising cultivar MD 1-17 of Melissa officinalis L. subsp. Altissima (Smith.) Arcang was conducted. We compared it with M. officinalis L. subsp. Officinalis varieties ‘Krymchanka’ and ‘Lada’. Сultivar MD 1-17 significantly exceeds other varieties in terms of yield of fresh plant material (on average, by 77.4 and 62.2 %, respectively). It also surpasses variety ‘Krymchanka’ (the best in collecting essential oil from air-dried raw materials) by 57.1 %. Basic components presented in the essential oil of M. officinalis L. subsp. Altissima (Smith.) Arcang. cv. MD 1-17. Promising cultivar are caryophyllene (25.3–35.9 %) and germacrene D (17.7–31.2 %). Citral is almost completely absent or present in an insignificant amount (0.1–7.3 %); its proportion in the essential oil of varieties ‘Krymchanka’ and ‘Lada’ can reach 36.6 %.

Characterization of the Leaf Essential Oil Composition of Annona squamosa L. from Foothills of North India

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Swaroop Verma ◽  
Neeta Joshi ◽  
Rajendra Chandra Padalia ◽  
Ved Ram Singh ◽  
Prakash Goswami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
North India ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil

The δ13C value of ruminant saliva and its effect on the estimation of the legume component of oesophageal extrusa samples

1989 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Jones ◽  
R. P. Lefeuvre
Keyword(s):  
Plant Material ◽  
Negative Bias ◽  
Positive Shift ◽  
Significant Bias ◽  
Fresh Plant ◽  
Fresh Plant Material ◽  
Δ13c Value ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Plant Components

SUMMARYThe C3 and C4 plant components in extrusa samples from oesophageally fistulated cattle can be estimated by δ13Canalysis. However, contamination with saliva containing bicarbonates could cause bias in the estimation of the C3 or C4 components. Saliva from animals fed C4 and C3 diets had δ13C values of – 4.37/103 and –15.97/103, respectively. Both values showed a large positive shift of c. 10 units relative to the diets, but the difference between feeds was maintained in the saliva. On theoretical grounds, contamination of the ingested feed with saliva should have caused a small (1·3–3·4% legume) negative bias when estimating legume percentage in the diet. This did not occur when saliva of known (PC was added to mixtures of C3 and C4 forages which were dried, ground and analysed for δ13C. It is postulated that CO2 was lost from bicarbonate when saliva was dried in contact with fresh plant material, and so no significant bias was detected. It would appear that the δ13C technique can be used to estimate the proportion of C3 and C4 components in oesophageal extrusa samples without significant bias from salivary contamination.

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