A Survey on Tick Infestation in Domestic Birds Sold at Gwagwalada Market, Abuja, FCT, Nigeria.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (04) ◽  
pp. 4974
Author(s):  
Ayoh Stephen O. ◽  
Olanrewaju Comfort A*
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Tick Infestation ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Vector Group ◽  
Arthropod Vector ◽  
Argas Persicus ◽  
Domestic Birds ◽  
Micro Organisms

Ticks transmit a greater variety of pathogenic micro-organisms than any other arthropod vector group, and are among the most important vectors of diseases affecting animals. A survey on the prevalence of tick species infesting domestic birds sold in Gwagwalada main market, Abuja between April and July, 2015. A total of 450 birds were examined by feather separation with fingers and a pair of forceps to expose the skin of the birds for presence of the ticks. An overall prevalence of 25.6% was observed. Out of the 150 domestic fowls examined 62(53.9%) were infested, 44(29.3%) of the 150 Guinea fowl and 9(6.0%) of the 150 Pigeons were infested. Of all the ticks identified, 93(51.4%) were from the Domestic Fowls and 77(42.5%) from the Guinea fowl and 11(6.0%) from Pigeon. Thirty (32.3%) of the ticks from the Domestic fowls were Argas persicus, 25(26.9%) Argas walkerae, 20 (21.5%) Ornithodorus moubata and 18(19.4%) Ornithodorus savignyi. Similarly, 34(44.2%) of the ticks from Guinea fowl were A. walkerae, 20(28.2%) O. moubataand 23(32.4%) O. savignyi. Five (45.5%) of the ticks from Pigeon were A. persicus, 4 (36.4%) were A. walkerae, 2 (18.2%) were O. moubata and no O. savignyi. Observation on the location of tick from the hosts body showed highest prevalence was found under the wings (55.2%) and lowest on the head & neck (5.00%). The result of this research revealed that Gwagwalada market poultry section is endemic of tick infestation. Chemical control with acaricides and improved management and sanitation of the poultry cages in the market should be enforced.

Identification of tick species infesting livestock in Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jamil ◽  
Muhammad Kashif ◽  
Habibullah ◽  
Muhammad Mubeen ◽  
Ghulam Jelani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Economy ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Tick Infestation ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Hyalomma Anatolicum

Ticks are blood-feeding obligate ectoparasites that belong to order Arachnida with three main families (Ixodidae, Argasidae, and Nuttalleillidae). Ticks transmit viral, bacterial, and zoonotic diseases in humans, and animals (wild and domestic). Ticks directly and indirectly affect the livestock industry which plays an important role in the rural economy of Pakistan. These are the main source of income and a source of food for poor people. The current study was conducted to identify the tick species infesting livestock in Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan. For this purpose, different farms were randomly visited and 130 ticks were collected from 200 scanned animals.  The collected ticks were identified to species level using morphological keys. In the current study, four tick species were identified as Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma anatolicum, and Dermacentor marginatus were identified. The most dominant species were Hy. anatolicum (35.39%) followed by R. sanguineus (30.00%), Hy. marginatum (23.85%) and D. marginatus (10.77%). Hy. anatolicum was the predominant tick species and accounted for 35.39% of the ticks. Tick infestation was highest in buffaloes followed by cows, sheep, and goats. Tail and ear were the most preferable sites for tick infestation than other body parts.

scholarly journals Some observations on the sero-prevalence of heartwater and tick infestation in Zambian goats : research communication

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ahmadu ◽  
C.E.A. Lovelace ◽  
S. Mahan
Keyword(s):  
Tick Species ◽  
Tick Infestation ◽  
Amblyomma Variegatum ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Ehrlichia Ruminantium ◽  
Antigen Elisa ◽  
Elisa Technique ◽  
Species Being ◽  
Semi Arid

A survey was carried out to define the distribution of heartwater in goats that originated from six districts in communal grazing semi-arid areas of Zambia. A total of 181 samples (40.1 %) out of 451 serum samples from adult goats were positive for Ehrlichia ruminantium antibodies after screening using indirect MAP-1B antigen ELISA technique with statistically significant differences (P < 0.01) between the six districts. Out of 1 036 adult goats examined for tick infestation, 105 were infested by ticks, with Amblyomma species being the most dominant tick encountered. Amblyomma variegatum, which is the vector for heartwater transmission in Zambia constituted 42.4 % of the tick species, identified. The overall tick infestation rate was 10 % while the tick:goat ratio was 2.1:1. Amblyomma variegatum appears to be widespread throughout the study area, as are antibodies to E. ruminantium.

scholarly journals Ticks on birds from Cerrado forest patches along the Uberabinha river in the Triângulo Mineiro region of Minas Gerais, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1852-1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khelma Torga ◽  
Graziela Tolesano-Pascoli ◽  
Jacqueline Bonfim Vasquez ◽  
Eurípedes Luciano da Silva Júnior ◽  
Marcelo Bahia Labruna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tick Species ◽  
Tick Infestation ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Ecological Relationships ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
The Mean

We herein describe ticks parasitizing birds in forest fragments along the Uberabinha River, a major watercourse that cuts through patches of remnants of Brazilian savannah in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Overall 352 birds from 62 species, overwhelmingly, Passeriformes, were captured with mist-nets. The most abundant bird species was Basileuterus hypoleucus (n=36), followed by Lanio penicillata (n=24) and Thalurania furcata (n=23). Thirty one birds, all Passeriformes, were found infested with 56 ticks from which 12 were larvae and 44 nymphs, all from the Amblyomma genus. Highest infestation prevalence was found on Taraba major (66.6%), Thamnophilus pelzeni (60%) and Saltator maximus (50%). The mean intensity of tick infestation was low (1.8 tick per infested bird) with most of the parasites located on the neck (60%) of birds, followed by the head (20%). All larvae were attached to the skin around the eyes of birds. Amblyomma nodosum was the most numerous tick species found attached to birds (n=23 nymphs, 52.3% of nymphs) followed by Amblyomma longirostre (n=5, 11.4% of nymphs). Ecological relationships are discussed.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato in Ticks Collected from Migratory Birds in Switzerland

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 976-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Angèle Poupon ◽  
Elena Lommano ◽  
Pierre-François Humair ◽  
Véronique Douet ◽  
Olivier Rais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Tick Infestation ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
Borrelia Garinii ◽  
Borrelia Lusitaniae ◽  
Reservoir Hosts

ABSTRACT The prevalence of ticks infected by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato on birds during their migrations was studied in Switzerland. A total of 1,270 birds captured at two sites were examined for tick infestation. Ixodes ricinus was the dominant tick species. Prevalences of tick infestation were 6% and 18.2% for birds migrating northward and southward, respectively. Borrelia valaisiana was the species detected most frequently in ticks, followed by Borrelia garinii and Borrelia lusitaniae. Among birds infested by infected ticks, 23% (6/26) were infested by B. lusitaniae-infected larvae. Migratory birds appear to be reservoir hosts for B. lusitaniae.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with tick infestations on equids in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, with notes on Rickettsia massiliae detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abid Ali ◽  
Hafsa Zahid ◽  
Ismail Zeb ◽  
Muhammad Tufail ◽  
Sulaiman Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Tick Infestation ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Spotted Fever Group ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Rickettsia Massiliae ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background Studies on ticks infesting equids are lacking in various parts of the world, including Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of ticks infesting equids, associated risk factors and rickettsial detection in ticks from equids in KP. Methods Inspection of 404 equid hosts from November 2018 to October 2019 resulted in the collection of 550 ticks. Data on tick-associated risk factors were collected from equid owners by means of a questionnaire. After morphological identification, partial DNA sequences of the tick mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene were used for taxonomic confirmation of species. Partial sequences of the gltA and ompA genes were used for Rickettsia detection in ticks. Results A total of 550 tick specimens were collected on 324 (80.2%) of the equids inspected, of which 161 were horses (50%), 145 (45%) were donkeys and 18 were mules (5%). The ticks were identified as belonging to the following five species: Rhipicephalus microplus (341 specimens, 62% of the total ticks), Rh. haemaphysaloides (126, 23%), Rh. turanicus (39, 7%), Rh. sanguineus (s.l.) (33, 6%) and Hyalomma anatolicum (11, 2%). The most prevalent tick life stage was adult females (279, 51%) followed by adult males (186, 34%) and nymphs (85, 15%). Higher tick infestations were observed on male equids (relative risk [RR] 0.7432, P < 0.0005) and adult equids (RR 1.268, P < 0.0020). Ticks were frequently attached to the axial region of horses (55, 21%), sternum of donkeys (44, 21%) and belly of mules (19, 23%) (P < 0.04). Temporal patterns of tick infestation in association with temperature and humidity were highly significant (P < 0.05). Risk factors, such as animal housing (P < 0.0003), living management (P < 0.006), grazing type (P < 0.01) and location in hilly areas (P < 0.02), significantly enhanced the chances for tick infestation. Tick species analyzed in this study were phylogenetically related to species from Afghanistan, China, South Africa and Taiwan. Partial sequences of the gltA and ompA genes obtained from Rh. microplus and Rh. haemaphysaloides were 100% identical to the spotted fever group pathogen Rickettsia massiliae. Conclusions Equids exposed to significant risk factors were infected by one or more of at least five tick species in KP, Pakistan, and some of the ticks harbored the human pathogen R. massiliae. Graphical abstract

Trees as Habitats of the Fowl Tick, Argas persicus (Oken)

1953 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Abdussalam ◽  
M. M. Sarwar
Keyword(s):  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Crushed Material ◽  
Argas Persicus ◽  
Avian Blood ◽  
Ardea Cinerea ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Domestic Birds

All stages of Argas persicus were found in crevices in the bark of 49 of 266 trees belonging to 16 species in West Pakistan. These trees had not been used as roosts by domestic birds. The infestation seemed to be restricted to those trees used by vultures (Pseudogyps bengalensis) or herons (Ardea cinerea) for nesting or roosting. Several of the ticks collected contained recently sucked avian blood in the gut but intramuscular injection of crushed material from the ticks into a hen produced no blood infection.Infested trees may be important as sources of the pest near poultry farms and chicken houses.

Effects of host spectra on feeding behaviour and reproduction of soft ticks (Acari: Argasidae)

1978 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Galun ◽  
S. Sternberg ◽  
Christine Mango
Keyword(s):  
Tick Species ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
The Other ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Argas Persicus

AbstractArgas persicus (Oken) fed readily on avian hosts and consumed more blood and produced more eggs than on mammalian hosts. Ornithodoros tholozani (Lab. & Mégn.) fed equally well on chicken and various laboratory animals and converted the blood of all hosts into eggs at equal rates. O. moubata (Murr.) was intermediate, feeding more readily on chicken, rabbit and guineapig than on mouse, rat or hamster, and showing greater utilisation of blood of chicken and rabbit than of the other hosts. The relation of these phenomena to the natural host spectra of the 3 tick species is discussed.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Different Cattle Breeds to the Infestation of Cattle Ticks Amblyomma variegatum, Rhipicephalus microplus, and Hyalomma spp. on the Natural Pastures of Opkara Farm, Benin

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Eric Yessinou ◽  
Camus Adoligbe ◽  
Yao Akpo ◽  
Justin Adinci ◽  
Issaka Youssao Abdou Karim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tick Species ◽  
Tick Infestation ◽  
Tick Control ◽  
Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽  
Amblyomma Variegatum ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Cattle Ticks ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

A study was carried out on the Opkara (Benin) cattle farm on 64 cattle of four different breeds (16 individuals per breed) from June to December 2016. During this study, three tick species were found in different numbers, Amblyomma variegatum (732), Rhipicephalus microplus (8079), and Hyalomma spp. (208), with parasitic intensity of 11.90, 126.23, and 3.25, respectively. The interracial comparison of the tick infestation between the cattle showed a significant difference (P<0.001). However, Girolando was more infested than all the cattle breeds. Infestation of A. variegatum, R. microplus, and Hyalomma spp. on the Girolando was, respectively, 19.43 ± 2.71, 171.25 ± 23.50, and 7.12 ± 0.63, but the Borgou were less infested. Borgou breed females were more infested by A. variegatum (4.41 ± 1.14) than females Girolando (4.20 ± 0.90). The Crossbred and Azawak females were less infested (P<0.01). The mean of A. variegatum on Borgou, Azawak, Crossbred, and Girolando calves was 1.29 ± 0.35, 0.66 ± 0.26, 1.37 ± 0.37, and 2.25 ± 0.48 (P<0.01), respectively. The results of this study can be exploited to include genetic and nongenetic approaches to tick control.

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