Role of high quality feed supplement additional to the success of artificial insemination using sexing semen on Limousin Crossbred Cow

The success of artificial insemination must be supported by a balance of nutrients for livestock. AI combined with sexing produces offspring according to wishes of the breeder. This study aims to determine the increase in concentration on the success of Artificial Insemination using frozen semen sexing. This research was conducted at the people's beef cattle farm, Sumber Pucung District, Malang Regency. The limousine crosser used was 30 cows. Cattle aged 1.8 – 5 years with BCS 3-5 (score 1-9) Treatment T0 : The usual feed given by farmers (Control). T1: Control+HQFS. Parameters NRR-1, NRR-2, Conception Rate (CR), Pregnancy Rate (PR). The additional feeding of concentrate did not significantly affect the reproductive parameters. The results showed that at T0 the results of NRR-1 and NRR-2 were 80% and 73.33%, respectively. while in T1 it was 73.3% and 66.67%. The results showed that the CR in both treatments was 26% and the results showed that the PR for T0 was 26% and for T1 was 33%. Insufficient feed consumption for all treatments based on NRC requirement data, T0 and T1 dry matter consumption respectively 6.6 and 7.3 Kg/head/day, Protein consumption 0.36 and 0.3 Kg/head/day and TDN consumption of 3.08 and 3.20. kg/head/day.

ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHA TERNAK SAPI POTONG DI KECAMATAN LETTI KABUPATEN MALUKU BARAT DAYA

This research was aimed at studying income level and feasibility of cattle farming in Letti District South West Maluku Regency. The research was conducted on April – May 2020 in three sample villages, namely Batumiau, Laitutun and Desa Tutuwaru. Survey method was applied to thirty cattle herders as respondents, who were chosen through a snow-ball method. Data were both qualitatively and quantitatively collected by applying direct observation and interview through a questionnaire. The results showed that average income of the cattle herders was IDR. 18.616.667 annually with R/C ratio 3.67. It was concluded that the beef cattle farm provided a profit of Rp. 13,552,275,-/ farmer/ year and it is feasible to continue to be developed.

Mastitis Detection in Holstein Sahiwal Crossbred Cattle (Bos taurus) Using Different Brands and Dilution Levels of Liquid Anionic Surfactants

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect, consistency, and economic viability of using different brands and dilution levels of liquid anionic surfactants to detect Mastitis in dairy cattle. Fifty-five milk samples were collected and subjected to macroscopic evaluation at a cattle farm located in Sta. Maria, Bulacan, Philippines. Milk samples were brought to the Philippine Carabao Center National Headquarters and Genepool Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija for Somatic Cell Count. The experiment used 10 treatments with 3 replications arranged in a Completely Randomized Design. The macroscopic evaluation results showed that liquid anionic surfactants at 30%-50% dilution levels could detect Mastitis in dairy cattle. This was validated by the somatic cell count results from PCC Dairy Laboratory. On the other hand, statistical analysis results revealed that the treatments and the control (commercial mastitis test) were comparable except for brand Z at a 40% dilution rate. Brand Z at 30% and 50% dilution rate were found to be consistent among other treatments in detecting Mastitis in dairy cattle. In terms of economic viability, brand X and brand Y at 30% were the cheapest and had the lowest production cost and highest percentage savings. The study was conducted to evaluate the effect, consistency, and economic viability of using different brands and dilution levels of liquid anionic surfactants to detect Mastitis in dairy cattle. Fifty-five milk samples were collected and subjected to macroscopic evaluation at a cattle farm located in Sta. Maria, Bulacan, Philippines. Milk samples were brought to the Philippine Carabao Center National Headquarters and Genepool Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija for Somatic Cell Count. The experiment used 10 treatments with 3 replications arranged in a Completely Randomized Design. The macroscopic evaluation results showed that liquid anionic surfactants at 30%-50% dilution levels could detect Mastitis in dairy cattle. This was validated by the somatic cell count results from PCC Dairy Laboratory. On the other hand, statistical analysis results revealed that the treatments and the control (commercial mastitis test) were comparable except for brand Z at a 40% dilution rate. Brand Z at 30% and 50% dilution rate were found to be consistent among other treatments in detecting Mastitis in dairy cattle. In terms of economic viability, brand X and brand Y at 30% were the cheapest and had the lowest production cost and highest percentage savings.

Ecotoxicological investigations of milking cow slurry and changes of oestrogenic compounds in the solid and liquid phase

Due to the appearance of intensive livestock-rearing systems since the 1970s, a vast amount of liquid manure (slurry) has been produced. The application and utilization are partly regulated for this special substance, which contains urine, excrement, process water, and other chemicals, such as insecticides and disinfectants. Our research was conducted on a slurry management system of a dairy cattle farm, focusing on the investigation of the presence of oestrogenic substances and toxicity of slurry before and after using a separator technology. Yeast oestrogen screen shows in this study that the separation of the liquid and solid phases of slurry contributes to the reduction in oestrogenic substances. Based on the toxicological studies, the growth inhibition of algae was 93%, and the inhibition of the germination of higher plant seeds was 25%, without separation. After separation of the phases, growth and germination were comparable with the negative control; moreover, some stimulation was detected. Consequently, harmful substances were removed with the suspended solid phase. From the present study, we can conclude that stakeholders should support separation technology in intensive livestock-rearing systems, and ecotoxicological investigations obviously help the risk management of slurry utilization. To our best knowledge, this is the first paper presenting detailed and complex toxicological study on slurry samples.

Knowledge of Brucellosis, Health-Seeking Behaviour, and Risk Factors for Brucella Infection amongst Workers on Cattle Farms in Gauteng, South Africa

Brucellosis in humans is under-detected and underreported in sub-Saharan Africa. Risk factors associated with Brucella infection and health seeking behaviour in response to brucellosis-like symptoms, amongst cattle farm workers and veterinary officials in South Africa, are unknown. Farm workers and veterinary officials (N = 230) were screened for brucellosis using commercial Rose Bengal Test (RBT®), IgM Enzyme-linked Immunoassay (ELISA)®, IgG ELISA® and the BrucellaCapt® test. Knowledge of brucellosis and risk factors for exposure to Brucella were also investigated. Seroprevalence varied according to test used: 10.1% (RBT®), 20.9% (IgG ELISA®) and 6.5% (BrucellaCapt®). Only 22.2% (6/27) of veterinary officials opt to visit a clinic, doctor, or hospital in response to self-experienced brucellosis-like symptoms, compared to 74.9% (152/203) of farm workers (p < 0.001). Of the BrucellaCapt® seropositive participants, 53% (7/15) did not visit a clinic in response to brucellosis-like symptoms. Weak evidence of an association between the handling of afterbirth or placenta and infection of a short evolution (RBT®, IgM ELISA® and IgG ELISA® seropositive) was found (OR = 8.9, 95% CI: 1.0–81.1, p = 0.052), and strong evidence of an association between this outcome and the slaughter of cattle (OR = 5.3, 95% CI: 1.4–19.6, p = 0.013). There was strong evidence of a positive association between inactive/resolved infection and veterinary officials vs. farm workers exposed to seropositive herds (OR = 7.0, 95% CI: 2.4–20.2, p < 0.001), with a simultaneous negative association with the handling of afterbirth or placenta (OR = 3.9, 95% CI: 1.3–11.3, p = 0.012). Findings suggest a proportion of undetected clinical cases of brucellosis amongst workers on cattle farms in Gauteng.

Economic Development of Rural India Through Establishment of Agri-Tech Park

India has always been on the top spot in terms of tourism and has attracted domestic and foreign tourists throughout the year. India is the land of farmers, has a rich and diverse culture and is best known for its hospitality. Tourism has become a source of income for many people, therefore it’s time to connect tourism along with agriculture to enhance the income of Indian farmers. Indian farmers generally face a lot of issues related to their income; hence numerous suicide cases have been registered in the past. The objective of this research paper is to provide a solution for the farmers by introducing Agri- tourism Technology Park. Agri-tourism offers the domestic and foreign tourists an opportunity to connect with the heritage, providing a hands-on-experience, showcasing the rich biodiversity, local food products, handicrafts and culture. On the other hand, the amalgamation of technology can provide smooth and secure tourism experience for the visitors. This Park includes an agricultural patch of about 5 acres, earmarked to cater the needs of Rabi and Kharif crops. Latest agricultural crop growing techniques like vertical farming using 70% less water than traditional farming. Hydroponic system for demonstrating these techniques to Agri- tech park visitors to acquaint them with futuristic farming operations. Aquaponic solar greenhouse will be established for growing vegetables and medicinal plants. A space of about 1 acre shall be delineated for a cattle farm that would be used to rear different breeds of cows like Sahiwal and Hariana and buffalo breeds like Murrah and Nili Ravi. Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence techniques will be employed for monitoring cattle feed, nutrition and milk processing and general well-being of animals. Re – circulatory Aqua culture system will be used for high density stocking of fish in a smaller space. Interactive virtual field trips and activities will be offered in a variety of themes that would give information on the importance of plants, various cropping techniques, role of insects and the feeding and living pattern of animals, fish bees etc. The establishment of an Agri-tourism technology park at Amritsar district of Punjab has been planned with a focus on the sustainable development of human environment in and around the region.

Economic Development of Rural India Through Establishment of Agri-Tech Park

India has always been on the top spot in terms of tourism and has attracted domestic and foreign tourists throughout the year. India is the land of farmers, has a rich and diverse culture and is best known for its hospitality. Tourism has become a source of income for many people, therefore it’s time to connect tourism along with agriculture to enhance the income of Indian farmers. Indian farmers generally face a lot of issues related to their income; hence numerous suicide cases have been registered in the past. The objective of this research paper is to provide a solution for the farmers by introducing Agri- tourism Technology Park. Agri-tourism offers the domestic and foreign tourists an opportunity to connect with the heritage, providing a hands-on-experience, showcasing the rich biodiversity, local food products, handicrafts and culture. On the other hand, the amalgamation of technology can provide smooth and secure tourism experience for the visitors. This Park includes an agricultural patch of about 5 acres, earmarked to cater the needs of Rabi and Kharif crops. Latest agricultural crop growing techniques like vertical farming using 70% less water than traditional farming. Hydroponic system for demonstrating these techniques to Agri- tech park visitors to acquaint them with futuristic farming operations. Aquaponic solar greenhouse will be established for growing vegetables and medicinal plants. A space of about 1 acre shall be delineated for a cattle farm that would be used to rear different breeds of cows like Sahiwal and Hariana and buffalo breeds like Murrah and Nili Ravi. Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence techniques will be employed for monitoring cattle feed, nutrition and milk processing and general well-being of animals. Re – circulatory Aqua culture system will be used for high density stocking of fish in a smaller space. Interactive virtual field trips and activities will be offered in a variety of themes that would give information on the importance of plants, various cropping techniques, role of insects and the feeding and living pattern of animals, fish bees etc. The establishment of an Agri-tourism technology park at Amritsar district of Punjab has been planned with a focus on the sustainable development of human environment in and around the region.