scholarly journals Histological evaluation of periprosthetic infection using HOES scale and CD15 expression analysis at the stage of the hip revision arthroplasty

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-98
Author(s):  
T. A. Silanteva ◽  
A. M. Ermakov ◽  
A. S. Tryapichnikov
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Periprosthetic Infection ◽  
Revision Arthroplasty ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Neutrophil Granulocyte ◽  
Periprosthetic Bone ◽  
Cd15 Expression ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Large Joint

Background.The effectiveness improvement and standardization of the methods of histological diagnosing periprosthetic infection (PPI) is an urgent task in the treatment of complications after large joint arthroplasty. Purpose of the study— Histopathological evaluation of the infection involvement of periprosthetic tissues at the stage of revision arthroplasty for deep infection of the hip using HOES scale and immunohistochemical analysis of CD15 expression.Materials and Methods.A single-center prospective study was performed on the clinical intraoperative material obtained at the stage of revision arthroplasty of the hip in 27 patients at the age of 65 (55÷69) years. The group of examination included patients with acute and chronic forms of deep periprosthetic infection. Light-optical microscopic investigation of the samples of periprosthetic connective-tissue membrane and bone tissue from the foci of infectious involvement was made on paraffin sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin; with the immunohistochemical reaction to determine the expression of CD15 neutrophil granulocyte markers. HOES Scale for pathohistological assessment was used in order to objectify osteomyelitis signs in periprosthetic bone tissue.Results. The signs of acute and chronic stages of periprosthetic osteomyelitis were observed in 9/16 patients with PPI chronic course within 1–30 months of postoperative period, from one to 18 months after manifestation of the symptoms. The signs of subsided osteomyelitis were determined in 12/27 patients with PPI of acute and chronic forms. Infected periprosthetic membranes were found in 19/27 clinical cases in the early and longterm  time  periods  after  arthroplasty  surgery.  A  direct  significant  correlation  was  revealed  between  histopathological signs  of  infecting  the  periprosthetic  bone  and  the  connective-tissue  periprosthetic  membrane,  especially  strong  one in  patients  with  acute  and  chronic  PPI  osteomyelitis.Conclusion. The  use  of  HOES  Scale  and  the  analysis  of  CD15 expression  ensure  the  objectivity  of  PPI  histological  diagnosing.  The  results  obtained  indicate  an  increased  risk  of osteomyelitis development in patients with chronic periprosthetic infection after the hip arthroplasty.

scholarly journals Treatment Outcomes of Periprosthetic Joint Infection in HIV-positive Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
A. S. Tryapichnikov ◽  
A. M. Ermakov ◽  
N. M. Klyushin ◽  
Yu. V. Ababkov ◽  
A. B. Stepanayn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Periprosthetic Infection ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Revision Arthroplasty ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Large Joint ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Asymptomatic Phase

Relevance. There is a limited number of publications reporting outcomes of primary large joint arthroplasty in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The authors were unable to find papers on revision arthroplasty in patients with periprosthetic infection. Purpose of the study — to evaluate short term outcomes after revision arthroplasty in HIV-positive patients with periprosthetic infection of the hip and knee joint. Materials and methods. 13 HIV-positive patients with periprosthetic infection of the hip (10 cases) and knee (3 cases) joint underwent treatment in the period from 2015 to 2019. Patients were examined by clinical, laboratory and roentgenological methods. Harris Hip Score and Knee Society Score were used for evaluation prior to and after the surgery. Results. Mean follow up period was 21,4±2,6 months. Successful two-stage treatment was performed in two (15,4%) out of 13 patients with periprosthetic infection. In 5 cases (38,5%) control over infection was achieved by resection arthroplasty, and in one case (7,7%) – by arthrodesis. Five patients (38,5%) refused from interchange of spacer to prosthesis. Mean Harris Hip score demonstrated insignificant increase postoperatively — from 45,3±2,2 to 52,2±4,15 (р = 0,2). Conclusion. Despite following the international protocols for treatment of implant-associated infection the infection recurrence rate in HIV-positive patients in the asymptomatic phase remains very high. Efficiency of twostage treatment using antibacterial spacers in the present group of patients amounted only to 15,4%.

scholarly journals Role of Cytological Examination in Diagnosis and Monitoring of Large Joints Peri-Implant Inflammation

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
V. P Voloshin ◽  
Eremin V AV ◽  
V. S Zubkov ◽  
S. N Shatokhina ◽  
D. V Martynenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Revision Arthroplasty ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cytological Examination ◽  
Large Joint ◽  
Joint Implants ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Cytologic specimens from pathologic foci of 20 patients aged 20— 80 years with acute, chronic and low-grade inflammation in the area of large joint implants were examined. Three variants of cystograms were differentiated: reactive state in response to foreign body, chronic proliferative inflammation and chronic inflammation with bone tissue resorption. Tactics foe surgical treatment of peri-implant inflammation was chosen according to the variant of cytologic picture. Inflammation process was arrested in all patients. Cytologic method can be recommended as a component of complex examination for patients with forthcoming large joints revision arthroplasty as well as measure to prognosticate the inflammation relapse after sanitation procedures

Bone tissue engineering in the greater omentum with computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing scaffolds is enhanced by a periosteum transplant

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Naujokat ◽  
Klaas Loger ◽  
Juliane Schulz ◽  
Yahya Açil ◽  
Jörg Wiltfang
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Greater Omentum ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The Impact

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate two different vascularized bone flap scaffolds and the impact of two barrier membranes for the reconstruction of critical-size bone defects. Materials & methods: 3D-printed scaffolds of biodegradable calcium phosphate and bioinert titanium were loaded with rhBMP-2 bone marrow aspirate, wrapped by a collagen membrane or a periosteum transplant and implanted into the greater omentum of miniature pigs. Results: Histological evaluation demonstrated significant bone formation within the first 8 weeks in both scaffolds. The periosteum transplant led to enhanced bone formation and a homogenous distribution in the scaffolds. The omentum tissue grew out a robust vascular supply. Conclusion: Endocultivation using 3D-printed scaffolds in the greater omentum is a very promising approach in defect-specific bone tissue regeneration.

Current Scientific Considerations in Regard to Defining a “Silicone Syndrome”/Disease and the Formation of Silica from Silicone

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Todhunter ◽  
Michael G. Farrow
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Breast Implant ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Silicone Implants ◽  
Augmentation Mammoplasty ◽  
Patient Case ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Epidemiology Studies

Whether the constellation of various symptoms reported in various case-study reports on some patients who have had augmentation mammoplasty with silicone implants reflects a distinct, novel “silicone syndrome”or disease is important to settingproper endpoints for the epidemiological study of this patient population. To date, epidemiology studies on breast implant patients have focused on end-points which are typical of connective tissue disease, rheumatoid disease, and/ or autoimmune disorders. The consensus at this time, as was recently stated in a paper authored by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) personnel, is that the weight of the evidence from existing epidemiology studies is that silicone breast implants do not appreciably, if at all, increase the risk of these types of diseases. Critics of the epidemiology database have countered that had the analysis of association in these studies been done for a “silicone syndrome,” as opposed to the disease types which were analyzed, an association between silicone breast implantation and increased risk of “silicone syndrome” would have been observed. In the present analysis, this question is approached from two directions: First, the available single or multi-patient case reports available in the open literature were evaluated. The objective was to define those symptoms/ complaints that were reported in all studies or in at least 50% of the patients reported and to assign frequency distributions to individual symptoms or complaints reported in breast implant patients presenting for various complaints. By definition, if a “silicone syndrome” exists, then it can only be characterized by those symptoms or complaints which appear with regular frequency in patients so afflicted. Second, the symptoms or complaints which were used as criteria in the existing epidemiology studies were correlated with their frequency of occurrence among single or multi-patient case-reported breast implant patients. The working hypothesis in this present study is that if the number of “silicone syndrome” symptoms or complaints that also are symptoms of the existing epidemiology endpoints is large, then a distinct “silicone syndrome” is not likely to exist, and it can be concluded that existing epidemiology studies have adequately addressed the relevant issues. Also, to the extent that the frequency of symptom occurrence in “silicone syndrome” is similar to the distribution seen for known connective tissue, rheumatoid, and/ or autoimmune diseases, this will then add to the weight of evidence that no distinct “silicone syndrome” needs be postulated. Conversely, if a different set of symptoms or complaints occurs in silicone breast-implanted patients than is seen in patients with connective tissue diseases, this will argue that a distinct syndrome may exist. In the present study, the more recent suggestion that silicone may be broken down to silica in the body, and evidence for and against this suggestion are also discussed. The present analysis does not support the contention that a distinct “silicone syndrome” exists, but does support the contention that the disease endpoints used in existing epidemiology studies are adequate for examining the patient population. Also, consideration of the chemistry of silicone and its potential hydrolysis or oxidative cleavage indicates that if such reactions occur in the body at any significant rate, the product will be silicic acid, a normal and necessary constituent of the body, and not silica (i.e., silicon dioxide).

Biological Response to Wollastonite Doped α-Tricalcium Phosphate Implants in Hard and Soft Tissues in Rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Minarelli Gaspar ◽  
Sybele Saska ◽  
R. García Carrodeguas ◽  
A.H. De Aza ◽  
P. Pena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Rat Bone

The biological response following subcutaneous and bone implantation of β-wollastonite(β-W)-doped α-tricalcium phosphate bioceramics in rats was evaluated. Tested materials were: tricalcium phosphate (TCP), consisting of a mixture of α- and β-polymorphs; TCP doped with 5 wt. % of β-W (TCP5W), composed of α-TCP as only crystalline phase; and TCP doped with 15 wt. % of β-W (TCP15), containing crystalline α-TCP and β-W. Cylinders of 2x1 mm were implanted in tibiae and backs of adult male Rattus norvegicus, Holtzman rats. After 7, 30 and 120 days, animals were sacrificed and the tissue blocks containing the implants were excised, fixed and processed for histological examination. TCP, TCP5W and TCP15W implants were biocompatible but neither bioactive nor biodegradable in rat subcutaneous tissue. They were not osteoinductive in connective tissue either. However, in rat bone tissue β-W-doped α-TCP implants (TCP5W and TCP15W) were bioactive, biodegradable and osteoconductive. The rates of biodegradation and new bone formation observed for TCP5W and TCP15W implants in rat bone tissue were greater than for non-doped TCP.

Diagnostic value of assessment of coronary calcification in dysplastic heart

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-77
Author(s):  
L. T. Pimenov ◽  
◽  
V. V. Remnyakov ◽  
M. Yu. Smetanin ◽  
E. N. Avdeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
System Development ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Coronary Calcification ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Conduction Disorders ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Structural Heart Diseases ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
Functional Features

The problem of heart connective tissue dysplasia syndrome is extremely relevant due to the increased risk of rhythm and conduction disorders, infectious endocarditis, thromboembolism and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Structural heart diseases (SHD) are manifestations of minor anomalies of the cardiovascular system development. Dysplastic heart refers to the combination of constitutional, topographical, anatomical, and functional features of the heart in a patient with connective tissue dysplasia (CTD). The standard for the diagnosis of coronary calcification (CC), one of the known predictors of coronary heart disease (CHD) and complications of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), is multispiral computed tomography (MSCT).

scholarly journals Comparison of the effect of hemihydrate calcium sulfate granules and Cerabone on dental socket preservation: An animal experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-244
Author(s):  
Naser Sargolzaie ◽  
Mehrnaz Rafiee ◽  
Hamideh Salari Sedigh ◽  
Reza Zare Mahmoudabadi ◽  
Hooman Keshavarz
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Sign Test ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Fibrous Connective Tissue ◽  
Socket Preservation ◽  
Tissue Proportion

Background. Early bone loss due to tooth extraction can be significantly reduced by socket preservation. The aim of this study was to compare the in vivo effects of hemihydrate calcium sulfate granules (an alloplastic material) and Cerabone (a bovine-derived xenograft) on socket preservation in dogs. Methods. Six male Mongrel dogs were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=3) for sacrificing and histological evaluation 4 and 8 weeks after a surgery. The second and third premolars on both sides of the lower jaw were extracted surgically. The sockets on one side were filled with Cerabone, and with calcium sulfate on the opposite side. In the slides, the ratio of the area of newly formed bone to the area of the entire cavity, and the ratio of the area of fibrous connective tissue to the area of the entire cavity were measured. The presence of inflammation was also examined. Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Sign test and McNemar test were used for statistical analyses (ɑ=0.05). Results. The means of new bone proportion were 11% and 8% for Cerabone and calcium sulfate, respectively (P=0.58). The means of connective tissue proportion were 29% and 33% for Cerabone and calcium sulfate, respectively (P=0.72). No inflammatory cells were observed in the Cerabone group, although 50% of the samples in the calcium sulfate group showed inflammation (P=0.50). Conclusion. The effects of calcium sulfate and Cerabone on socket preservation in dogs on bone formation, fibrous connective tissue and inflammation levels were not significantly different at 4- and 8-week postoperative intervals.

The case of fibrous osteodystrophy (Recklinghausen disease)

1937 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
N. A. Serebrennikov
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Fibrous Connective Tissue ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Recklinghausen Disease

In 1891, Recklinghausen first accurately described fibrous osteodystrophy, putting forward five main provisions that determine the essence of this disease: 1) replacement of cellular and adipose bone marrow with fibrous connective tissue; 2) resorption of bone tissue by lacunar suction; 3) metaplastic and partially osteoblastic neoplasm of osteoid and bone tissue; 4) tumor-like growths of fibrous and giant cell tissue, such as epulids, resembling giant cell sarcomas with a brown tint due to the presence of hemosiderin in the growths - "Braune tumoren" - by German authors.

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