Co2, Quality of Life and Economic Growth in ASEAN 8
The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between CO2 on quality of life and on economic growth in ASEAN 8. Pollution may directly decrease output and quality of life by decreasing productivity of man-made capital and labor. The income levels per capita gross domestic product per capita were measured from the year 1965 to 2010. This study formulates a three equation simultaneous model for empirical research. For panel data, the Hausman specification test is the classical test of whether the fixed or random effects model should be used. In the pollution indicator emissions CO2 in ASEAN 8, the Environmental Kuznets Curve relationship is found. Keywords: Economic Growth; Environmental Kuznets Curve; Hausman Test; Simultaneity, Endogeneity eISSN 2514-7528 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.