scholarly journals Asymptomatic bacteriuria and pyelonephritis during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Y. L. Naboka ◽  
A. N. Rymashevsky ◽  
O. M. Kogan ◽  
I. A. Gudima ◽  
N. V. Vorobyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Residual Urine Volume ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Urine Retention ◽  
Uterine Growth ◽  
Fetal Complications

The most common extragenital pathology during pregnancy is urinary tract infection (UTI) of various localization. In some cases, untreated UTI can contribute to the development of obstetric, urological, and perinatal pathologies. Factors predisposing to the UTI manifestation may include increased progesterone, delayed peristalsis, urine retention in the ureters, uterine growth, bladder displacement, and increased residual urine volume. Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) during pregnancy can increase the risk of pyelonephritis and subsequent maternal and fetal complications. Pregnant women should be screened for ASB at least once at the beginning of pregnancy (aft er 14 weeks). E.coli is the dominant uropathogen in 70 – 95% of UTI cases in pregnant women. The main treatment for ABT and pyelonephritis in pregnancy (PiP) is antibiotic therapy (ABT), which is prescribed empirically in most cases. There is currently no consensus on the choice of ABT and the duration of treatment for UTI in pregnant women. In the case of ineff ective drug therapy of PiP, it is necessary to raise the issue of the upper urinary tract drainage promptly.

Urinary Tract Infections in Women

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun S. Chanmugam ◽  
Gino Scalabrini
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) refer to a urine culture yielding a minimum of 100 to 10,000 bacteria units/mm of urine usually from a clean catch midstream sample. This can result from infection of the lower urinary tract involving the bladder (cystitis) or an infection of the upper urinary tract involving the kidneys (pyelonephritis). Uncomplicated UTIs occur in healthy, pre-menopausal, non-pregnant women with a normal urinary tract who have a high likelihood to respond favorably to treatment, but consider local antibiotic resistance patterns. Complicated UTIs occur in women with coexisting pathology, anatomical abnormality, underlying comorbidity, or immunocompromise. Untreated UTIs can progress to pyelonephritis and urosepsis. Asymptomatic bacteriuria for pregnant women can progress very quickly; pyelonephritis carries increased risk of perinatal and neonatal mortality. Pregnant patients should be treated with cephalexin, amoxicillin, or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (avoiding fluoroquinolones).

Impact of post‐void residual urine volume on intravesical recurrence after nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1106-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomokazu Sazuka ◽  
Shinichi Sakamoto ◽  
Kazuyoshi Nakamura ◽  
Yusuke Imamura ◽  
Satoshi Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Residual Urine Volume ◽  
Residual Urine ◽  
Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

REVIEW ARTICLE ON PROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF PRISCRIPTION PATTERN OF ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY FOR URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN PREGNANT FEMALE PATIENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shikha Pal ◽  
Narendra Kumar Yadav ◽  
Aayush Yadav ◽  
Mandeep, Mahipal
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Anatomic Site ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lower Urinary

Urinary tract infection (UTI) are common during pregnancy. These most common causative organism is E.coli.1 A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in any part of urinary system including kidney, ureters, bladder and urethra.2 The urinary can be divided into the upper urinary tract and the lower urinary tract. The upper urinary tract consist of the kidney and ureters and lower urinary tract consist of the bladder and the urethra.2  UTI can be classified by anatomic site of involvement into lower and upper urinary tract infection.3 Asymptomatic bacteriuria can lead to the development of cystitis and pyelonephritis. All pregnant women should be screened for bacteriuria and subsequently treated with antibiotics such as Nitrofurantoin, sulfisoxazole,or cephalexin. can be life threatening illness, with the increased risk of Perinatal and Neonatal mobility. Pregnant women with urinary group B Streptococcal infection should be treated and should receive intrapartum prophylactic therapy.

scholarly journals The reliability and reproducibility of ultrasonography for measuring the residual urine volume in men with lower urinary tract symptoms

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan A. Abdelwahab ◽  
Housseini M. Abdalla ◽  
Mahmoud H. Sherief ◽  
Mohamed B. Ibrahim ◽  
Mostafa A. Shamaa
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Residual Urine Volume ◽  
Residual Urine ◽  
Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Lower Urinary

scholarly journals Prevention and treatment of non-complicated infections of the lower urinary tract in pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
N.A. Nashivochnikova ◽  
◽  
V.N. Krupin ◽  
V.E. Leanovich ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Cystitis ◽  
Acute Cystitis ◽  
Total Treatment ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim: to assess the efficacy of biologically active additive Cystenium II as a component of combined antimicrobial treatment of acute cystitis or exacerbation of chronic cystitis and asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in pregnant women. Patients and Methods: 65 pregnant women with urinary tract infections were enrolled. Group 1 included 22 women with acute cystitis or exacerbation of chronic cystitis and group 2 included 20 women with ASB. These women received standard antimicrobial therapy (fosfomycin trometamol 3 g) and Cystenium II (1 tablet twice daily with food for 14 days). The control group included 23 women with acute cystitis or exacerbation of chronic cystitis or ASB who received standard antimicrobial therapy only. Treatment results were evaluated after 14 days and 2 months. Results: complete resolution of cystitis occurred on days 2 and 3 in group 1 and days 4 and 5 in group 2. Eradication of causative agent as demonstrated by inoculation of urine samples after 14 days was reported in 77.3% of women in group 1, 70% of women in group 2, and 61% of women in group 3. Total treatment efficacy in group 1 was 81.9%, i.e., exacerbations of chronic cystitis were diagnosed in 3 women (13.6%), acute pyelonephritis in 1 woman (4.5%). Total treatment efficacy in group 2 was 90%, i.e., recurrence of ASB was diagnosed in 2 women (10%). Meanwhile, treatment efficacy in the control group was 56.5%, i.e., clinical exacerbation of chronic cystitis was diagnosed in 6 women (26%). Moreover, in 4 women (17.4%), the disease was complicated by acute pyelonephritis. Conclusions: Cystenium II for acute cystitis or exacerbation of chronic cystitis and ASB in pregnant women improves treatment success and also maintains the effect. KEYWORDS: cystitis, asymptomatic bacteriuria, pregnancy, treatment, cranberry, prevention of recurrences. FOR CITATION: Nashivochnikova N.A., Krupin V.N., Leanovich V.E. Prevention and treatment of non-complicated infections of the lower urinary tract in pregnant women. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(2):119–123. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430- 2021-4-2-119-123.

scholarly journals A comparative study of various screening tests of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in pregnant women attending Antenatal Outpatient Department’

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Dr. Savitha B Hiremath ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Microscopy

Introduction: Urinary tract infections are the most common bacterial infections in pregnancy.Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) refers to the presence of bacteria in the urine of an individualwithout symptoms of urinary tract infection. ASB which occurs in 2-11% of pregnancies is a majorpredisposition to the development of pyelonephritis. Aims and objectives: The aims and objectivesof the study were to: Study the effectiveness of various screening tests: urine microscopy, gramstain, catalase test, leukocyte esterase test and nitrite test and to compare their sensitivity,specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. Materials and Methods: Thestudy included 500 pregnant women attending the outpatient department over 18 months. The urinesamples collected in sterile containers were screened for urine microscopy, gram stain, catalase test,leukocyte esterase test and nitrite test. The samples were processed on CLED (Cysteine lactoseelectrolyte deficient) agar as the standard against which other screening tests are identified.Results: Gram’s stain (89.34%) was the most sensitive of all and the least reliable test was thecatalase test among the methods of screening tests. Conclusion: Urine culture is considered to bethe gold standard in detecting ASB in pregnant women. Gram’s stain of urine is a good screeningtest when compared to other screening methods. Screening for bacteria in all trimesters isnecessary to prevent the dangerous complications associated with ASB.

Upper Urinary Tract Complications in Pregnant Women with an Ileal ConduitLessons Learned from Two Cases

2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Gontero ◽  
Shikoe Masood ◽  
Filippo Sogni ◽  
Francesco Fontana ◽  
Gulzar Mufti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract

Maternal and neonatal outcome of asymptomatic bacteriuria at term pregnancy

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Perlitz ◽  
Enas Saffoury ◽  
Nora Shabso ◽  
Aminat Labai ◽  
Jennifer Fathy Namatiyof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Fetal Complications ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery ◽  
Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Vertex Presentation ◽  
Length Of Hospitalization

ABSTRACT Objectives Guidelines recommend antibiotic treatment for every episode of asymptomatic bacteriuria throughout pregnancy in order to reduce maternal and fetal complications. We evaluated intra- and post-partum, as well as puerperal maternal and neonatal outcomes of an untreated group of pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria at term. Methods This was a single center prospective cohort study. We enrolled women who came for labor or checkups, 37–42 weeks gestation, with singleton, vertex presentation. On admission, women gave a urine sample; we compared maternal, obstetric and neonatal data from the positive culture group to the negative culture. Results Among 248 pregnant women recruited, 205 negative and 32 positive urine cultures were collected. None of the women that participated in this study developed pyelonephritis during hospitalization or during the puerperium. No significant differences were detected between the two groups in terms of age, nulliparity, gestational age at delivery, length of hospitalization, birth type, intra- or post-partum fever, antibiotic treatment during labor or post-partum. Conclusions No increased maternal or neonatal adverse effects were observed in women with untreated ASB detected at term.

scholarly journals Diethylstilbestrol 1 mg in the Treatment of Acute Urinary Retention due to Prostatic Obstruction in the Elderly: A Preliminary Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Oliveira Reis ◽  
Gustavo Borges De Mendonça ◽  
Bruno D. Carneiro ◽  
Edson Schneider ◽  
Eduardo Varella Gewehr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Retention ◽  
Acute Urinary Retention ◽  
Prostate Volume ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Transurethral Resection Of Prostate ◽  
Free Trial ◽  
Tract Dilation

Patients who failed a catheter-free trial after acute urinary retention and one week of full dose alpha-blocker and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor were offered Diethylstilbestrol 1 mg plus Aspirin 100 mg over 4 weeks. Prostate volume, age, serum creatinine, and initial retention drained urine volume were recorded. After excluding cardiovascular morbidity (n=7), upper urinary tract dilation (n=3), compromised renal function (n=2), urinary tract infection (n=2), neurological diagnosis (n=2), or preferred immediate channel transurethral resection of prostate (n=5), 48 of 69 consecutive patients ≥70 years were included. Mean age was 76.6 years (70–84), mean prostate volume 90 cm3(42–128), and mean follow-up 204 days; 58% (28/48) were passing urine and 42% (20/48) were catheter dependent after 4 weeks Diethylstilbestrol trial. Mean age and drained urine volume of catheter dependent patients were 82.4 years and 850 mL compared with 74.6 years and 530 mL in catheter-free men, respectively. Age and drained urine volume were independent predictors of catheter-free trial (bothP<0.01). Seventy-five percent (6/8) of patients 80 years and older were catheter dependent. Transient nipple/breast tenderness and gynecomastia were the only adverse effects reported by 21% (10/48) and 4% (2/48), respectively. No patient presented severe complications.

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