Teachers' Beliefs about Computers: Report of a Case Study

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Hinostroza ◽  
Harvey Mellar
Keyword(s):  
Classroom Management ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Teaching Strategy ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Classroom Teaching ◽  
Software Development Process ◽  
Teachers Beliefs ◽  
Computers In Education

Much of the research on the use of computers in education either looks at the computer as a cognitive tool or as a catalyst for change aimed at fostering students' learning and changing teachers' actual routines. However, neither of these perspectives gives much consideration to the teaching framework in which the computer is actually used. In order to address this issue, a case study was designed to explore teachers' concepts and beliefs about computers. In this case study two teachers were involved in a software development process, and observation of their discussions during this process was used as a technique to uncover the teachers' beliefs about using computers. The case study led to a model of how teachers use computers in classroom teaching. This model conceptualizes the computer as a teaching resource that helps teachers to develop their teaching strategy, replacing the teachers in their role of managing students' rehearsal of materials and serving as a classroom management tool. This model of using computers demonstrates significant links between teachers' teaching strategies and the use of computers in education and thereby provides a support for a view of computers as professional tools for educators.

scholarly journals The Role of Communication and Engagement in Airport Noise Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6088
Author(s):  
Graeme Heyes ◽  
Paul Hooper ◽  
Fiona Raje ◽  
Ian Flindell ◽  
Delia Dimitriu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Priorities ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Management Activity ◽  
Community Attitudes ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Aviation Noise ◽  
Noise Management

Research suggests that non-acoustic factors can have a considerable effect on community attitudes and opinions towards aviation noise and that these can be influenced through processes of communication and engagement. This paper reviews literature from various fields to identify the key elements of effective practice, using them as a lens through which to assess case study noise management actions conducted at European airports. This analysis found that communication and engagement holds significant potential for noise management, but that this remains largely unfulfilled due to such methods being used as an ancillary management activity, rather than as a powerful tool to aid in the design and delivery of noise management actions. A series of recommendations and research priorities are proposed that could shape the future of noise management, including potential changes to European policy that more explicitly advocate for communication and engagement as a noise management tool in its own right.

scholarly journals SBVR to OWL 2 Mappings: An Automatable and Structural-Rooted Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiliano Reynares ◽  
María Laura Caliusco ◽  
Maria Rosa Galli
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Software Development Process ◽  
Business Rules ◽  
Information System Design ◽  
Business People ◽  
Case Validation ◽  
Domain Information

The wide applicability of mapping business rules expressions to ontology statements have been recently recognized. Some of the most important applications are: (1) using of on- tology reasoners to prove the consistency of business domain information, (2) generation of an ontology intended to be used in the analysis stage of a software development process, and (3) the possibility of encapsulate the declarative specification of business knowledge into information software systems by means of an implemented ontology. The Semantics of Business Vocabulary and Business Rules (SBVR) supports that approach by provid- ing business people with a linguistic way to semantically describe business concepts and specify business rules in an independent way of any information system design. Although previous work have presented some proposals, an exhaustive and automatable approach for them is still lacking. This work presents a broad and detailed set of transformations that allows the automatable generation of an ontology implemented in OWL 2 from the SBVR specifications of a business domain. Such transformations are rooted on the struc- tural specification of both standards and are depicted through a case study. A real case validation example was performed, approaching the feasibility of the mappings by the quality assessment of the developed ontology.

scholarly journals English in Brazil: Insights from the Analysis of Language Policies, Internationalization Programs and the CLIL Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyria Finardi ◽  
Roberta Leao ◽  
Livia Melina Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
English Teachers ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Teachers Beliefs ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Globalized World

<p class="Normal1">The paper proposes a reflection on the role of English in the globalized world and its teaching/learning in Brazil. With that aim, the study reviews language policies and internationalization programs in Brazil regarding the role of foreign languages in general and of English in particular. The theoretical framework includes a review of an English language teaching (ELT) approach used mainly in Europe, as a result of globalization and internationalization, the Content and Language Integrated Approach (CLIL). In order to support this reflection, a case study was carried out to examine pre-service English teachers’ beliefs on the use of CLIL in Brazil. The results of study show that pre-service English teachers understand the importance of the CLIL approach though they are aware of the various obstacles to its implementation in that context. The study suggests a review of language policies in Brazil so as to ensure a convergence between them and internationalization policies and approaches, at all levels of education. Regarding the ELT approach analyzed, the study concludes that despite the difficulties associated with the implementation of CLIL in Brazil, it represents a relevant alternative in that context.</p>

Towards Measuring the Change Impact in ATL Model Transformations

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
pp. 153-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreza Vieira ◽  
Franklin Ramalho
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Static Analysis ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Model Transformations ◽  
Software Development Process ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
The Impact

The Model-Driven Development (MDD) approach shifts the focus on code to models in the software development process. In MDD, model transformations are elements that play an important role. MDD-based projects evolve along their lifecycle in a way that changes in their transformations are frequent. Before applying changes it is important to measure their impacts within the transformation. However, currently no technique helps practitioners in this direction. We propose an approach to measure the change impact in ATL model transformations. Based on static analysis, it detects the elements impacted by a change and calculates the change impact value through three metrics we defined. By using our approach, practitioners can (i) save effort and development time since the elements impacted with the change are automatically detected and (ii) better schedule and prioritize changes according to the impact value. To empirically evaluate our approach we conducted a case study.

scholarly journals Building a web-based app for persons with physical disabilities: A collaboration between game developers and rehabilitation researchers (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Terrill ◽  
Justin J. MacKenzie ◽  
Maija Reblin ◽  
Jackie Tyne Einers ◽  
Jesse Ferraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
End Users ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Software Development Process ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Cord Injury

BACKGROUND Individuals with disability and their partners, who often provide care, are both at risk for depression and lower quality of life. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions are promising to address barriers for mental health care. Rehabilitation researchers and software development researchers must collaborate effectively with each other, and with clinical and patient stakeholders to ensure successful mHealth development. OBJECTIVE To aid researchers interested in mHealth software development by describing the collaborative process between a team of rehabilitation researchers, software development researchers, and stakeholders. Thus, we provide a framework (conceptual model) for other teams to replicate in order to build a web-based mHealth app for individuals with physical disability. METHODS Rehabilitation researchers, software development researchers, and stakeholders (people with physical disabilities and clinicians) are involved in an iterative software development process. The overall process to develop an mHealth intervention includes initial development meetings and a co-design method called “designbox”, in which the needs and key elements of the app are discussed. Based on the objectives outlined, a prototype is developed and goes through scoping iterations with feedback from stakeholders and end-users. The prototype is then tested by users to identify technical errors and gather feedback on usability and accessibility. RESULTS Illustrating the overall development process, we present a case study based on our experience developing an app (SupportGroove) for couples coping with spinal cord injury. Examples of how we addressed specific challenges are also included. For example, feedback from stakeholders resulted in development of app features for individuals with limited functional ability. Initial designs lacked accessibility design principles made visible by end-users. Solutions included large text, single-click, and minimal scrolling to facilitate menu navigation for individuals using eye-gaze technology. Prototype testing allowed further refinement and demonstrated high usability and engagement with activities in the app. Qualitative feedback indicated high levels of satisfaction, accessibility, and confidence in potential utility. We also present key lessons learned about working in a collaborative interdisciplinary team. CONCLUSIONS mHealth promises to help overcome barriers to mental health intervention access. However, the development of these interventions can be challenging because of the disparate and often siloed expertise required. By describing the mHealth software development process and illustrating it with a successful case study of rehabilitation researchers, software development researchers, and stakeholders collaborating effectively, our goal is to help other teams avoid challenges we faced and benefit from our lessons learned. Ultimately, good interdisciplinary collaboration will benefit individuals with disabilities and their families. CLINICALTRIAL n/a

scholarly journals Vocational High School Teachers' Beliefs on Teaching Speaking Skills in English as a Foreign Language

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-346
Author(s):  
Khairunnisa Khairunnisa ◽  
Dadang Sudana ◽  
Rojab Siti Rodliyah
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
High School Teachers ◽  
Teaching Strategy ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Teachers Beliefs ◽  
English Speaking

Before improving and developing the best method for teaching speaking in vocational schools, teachers' beliefs and beliefs should be unpacked to know how far the understanding of them. This article presents a case study that examined vocational school teachers' beliefs and practices to do teach as a foreign language, especially speaking comprehension. Based on the case study, four teachers were asked to fill the questionnaire to get the information about their beliefs; forty students were confirming the practices of those beliefs in the classroom through questionnaires. Findings unfolded English teachers' views related to their roles, the students' positions, the effective English speaking teaching, the language used in the classroom, and the goals of teaching speaking. Based on the students' statement, the convergence of educators' beliefs to practices arrived at half of the teachers. The study results give teachers implications for constructing valid thoughts and provides an overview for stakeholders to decide an efficient teaching strategy.

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