A Critical and Comparative Review of the Prevention of Drug and Alcohol Abuse in Israel

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zipora Barnea
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
School Based ◽  
Community Based Programs ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

The article reviews the various programs and intervention strategies of substance abuse prevention in Israel. It concentrates mainly on the stages of primary and secondary prevention among youth. School-based prevention programs, those designated for detached youth as well as community-based programs, are presented and analyzed. The prevention efforts in Israel are also compared to those in other Western countries. The discussion includes recommendations for future developments in this domain.

Students' Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Substance Abuse Education: The Impact of Different Delivery Modes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cass Dykeman ◽  
J. Ron Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Alcohol Prevention ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Delivery Modes ◽  
School Based ◽  
Substance Abuse Education ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
Type Of Delivery

Ninety-six students, 12 boys and 12 girls each from the 3rd, 6th, 8th, and 12th grades were interviewed regarding the effectiveness of various delivery modes commonly employed in substance abuse education. These delivery modes included (a) expert-red, (b) teacher-led, (c) peer-led, and (d) parent in-home. Students generally believed that each type of delivery mode would positively effect drug- and alcohol-related knowledge but not behavior. Furthermore, students believed that the expert-led mode would be the most effective means for positively effecting the drug- and alcohol-related knowledge of students. The implications of these results for school-based drug and alcohol prevention efforts are discussed.

scholarly journals Health Literacy in Schools? A Systematic Review of Health-Related Interventions Aimed at Disadvantaged Adolescents

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Craig Smith ◽  
Hannah R. Goss ◽  
Johann Issartel ◽  
Sarahjane Belton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Effective Intervention ◽  
Socioeconomically Disadvantaged ◽  
Disadvantaged Populations ◽  
School Based

Socioeconomically disadvantaged populations are at greater risk of adopting unhealthy behaviours and developing chronic diseases. Adolescence has been identified as a crucial life stage to develop lifelong healthy behaviours, with schools often suggested as the ideal environment to foster healthy habits. Health literacy (HL) provides a possible solution to promote such healthy behaviours. The aim of this study was to review school-based HL-related interventions targeting socioeconomically disadvantaged adolescents and to identify effective intervention strategies for this population. Searches were performed in six databases. Inclusion criteria included age: 12–16; the implementation of a school-based intervention related to HL aimed at socioeconomically disadvantaged populations; an intervention focused on: physical activity (PA), diet, mental health, substance abuse or sleep. Forty-one articles were included, with the majority focusing on PA and diet (n = 13), PA (n = 9) or mental health (n = 7). Few interventions focused solely on substance abuse (n = 2) or sleep (n = 1), and none targeted or assessed HL as an outcome measure. There was huge heterogeneity in study design, outcomes measures and effectiveness reported. Effective intervention strategies were identified that can be used to guide future interventions, including practical learning activities, peer support and approaches targeting the school environment, the parents or that link the intervention to the community.

Transient ischemic attack: Incidence and early risk of stroke in northern Portugal from 1998–2000 to 2009–2011

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Felgueiras ◽  
Rui Magalhães ◽  
Mário R Silva ◽  
Maria C Silva ◽  
Manuel Correia
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Posterior Circulation ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Annual Incidence Rate ◽  
Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Ischemic Attack

Objective A decline in TIA incidence would be expected mirroring stroke trends, but patient's awareness of symptoms/signs, improved diagnostic procedures and changes in severity of vascular disease may raise TIA incidence. We aimed to estimate changes in TIA incidence and 30-day stroke risk in Portugal. Methods Data from two prospective community-based registers of first-ever TIA in 104,700 (1998–2000) and 118,232 (2009–2011) persons were collected using comprehensive case ascertainment methods. Incidence and stroke risk from TIA onset were compared using different inception cohorts. ABCD2 was used to stratified stroke risk. Results Overall, 141 patients were included in 1998–2000 and 174 in 2009–2011. Crude annual incidence rate increased from 67 to 74/100,000 (IRR=1.12; 95% CI, 0.90–1.40), particularly in men under 65 years (IRR=1.79; 95% CI, 1.06–3.04). Male/female IRR increased from 1.20 (0.86–1.68) in 1998–2000 to 1.77 (1.31–2.39) in 2009–2011, after adjustment for age. Better control of vascular risk factors (VRFs) accounted for lower ABCD2 scores in 2009–2011. The 30-day stroke risk was similar in study periods (18.4% vs. 16.7%, p > 0.7), decreasing from 16.1% to 8.2% ( p < 0.042) excluding patients reporting TIA after stroke occurrence and from 12.2% to 4.0% ( p < 0.011) further excluding patients who had stroke in ambulance/hospital. ABCD2 discriminated stroke risk only in 1998–2000; stroke severity decreased while posterior circulation stroke was more common in 2009–2011. Conclusion Despite a stable TIA incidence across periods, the risk increased in men compared to women. Better control of VRF accounted for lower ABCD2 scores and secondary prevention reduced stroke risk. Men under 65 years emerge as a preferential target for primary and secondary prevention.

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