Length of Caregiving and Well-Being among Older Widowers: Implications for the Dual Process Model of Bereavement

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia E. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Time Since Death ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Dual Process Model ◽  
Significant Patterns ◽  
Family Contact

The intent of this study was to examine if length of caregiving was associated with older widowers' adjustment to bereavement and to identify factors, based on principles underlying the Dual Process Model of Bereavement, that might mitigate the potential adverse effects of time spent caring. Two-hundred men over the age of 60 and in the second year of bereavement were identified from death records of older women who had died within a 12-month period. Interviews lasted about 2 hours and focused on widowers' experiences surrounding their wives' deaths along with questions about social support, health, retirement, and other demographic information. The Bradburn Affect Scale was used to measure positive and negative affect. Restoration-oriented coping, such as starting new relationships and activities were measured. These variables included extent of family contact, number of friends, having a confidante, involvement with neighbors, and participation in sports and clubs. Time since death and demographic variables were used as controls. Hierarchical linear regression was conducted on positive and negative affect after which potentially moderating effects were analyzed. Results indicated that the most important influences on negative affect were time since death, ethnicity, and participation in clubs while for positive affect the most significant factors included length of caregiving, number of friends, and having a confidante. Although no interaction effects were significant, patterns emerged. Implications for applying the DPM with older bereaved men are made.

Coping with Bereavement among Elderly Widowers

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia E. Richardson ◽  
Shantha Balaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Dual Process Model ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The Impact

A Dual Process Model of Bereavement, which considers the impact of loss- and restoration-oriented variables on widowers' levels of well-being, is tested on 200 widowed men during the second year of bereavement. Those who were widowed less than 500 days exhibited significantly more negative affect, less positive affect, and lower well-being that those widowed more than 500 days. Multiple regression analyses revealed that both loss and restoration variables were important throughout bereavement. Loss variables influenced negative affect and were especially critical during the early stages. Restoration variables significantly affected positive affect and had greater impact on the later bereaved. The results support a dual process model of bereavement, but also suggest that certain events, such as circumstances of death, are more important during early bereavement while reinvestment activities, such as dating, become relevant later. Some circumstances, such as a wife's suffering, have prolonged effects.

Lives lived longer: Chronic pain, subjective well-being, and occupation

Work and pain ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Christopher Eccleston
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
New Age ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Dual Process Model

We are living longer. Later life for many will be characterized by learning to live with pain, and how to live well despite pain. Theories of adjustment are reviewed with a focus on the dual process model of coping, which puts all attempts at coping with adversity within in a developmental and ageing framework. Examples of how one comes to negotiate what is possible, desirable, achievable, and allowable in later life occupation are explored. Finally, a consideration of this new age is discussed with its implications for identity and for social change.

Politikvermittlung an der Schnittstelle von Unterhaltung und Information : Political communication at the interface of entertainment and information

SPIEL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-145
Author(s):  
Larissa Leonhard ◽  
Anne Bartsch ◽  
Frank M. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Political Information ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Dual Process Model

This article presents an extended dual-process model of entertainment effects on political information processing and engagement. We suggest that entertainment consumption can either be driven by hedonic, escapist motivations that are associated with a superficial mode of information processing, or by eudaimonic, truth-seeking motivations that prompt more elaborate forms of information processing. This framework offers substantial extensions to existing dual-process models of entertainment by conceptualizing the effects of entertainment on active and reflective forms of information seeking, knowledge acquisition and political participation.

Assessing Emotional Well-Being as a Result of Quarantining During the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Breanne Wilson ◽  
Will Althoff
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Negative Impacts

UNSTRUCTURED Emotional well-being can be negatively impacted by lack of social interaction. This study examined the effects of social isolation on emotional well-being. Respondents filled out a weekly survey for a period of 10 weeks, reporting their positive and negative affect (PANAS-X) and the effects of quarantine on their emotional well-being. Results indicate that quarantining had a negative effect on respondents’ emotional well-being. Activites and outings, suggested by the CDC, could potentially decrease the negative impacts of quarantine.

scholarly journals The Psychological Impact of Coronavirus Pandemic Restrictions in Italy. The Mediating Role of the Fear of COVID-19 in the Relationship between Positive and Negative Affect with Positive and Negative Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-710
Author(s):  
Andrea Zammitti ◽  
Chiara Imbrogliera ◽  
Angela Russo ◽  
Rita Zarbo ◽  
Paola Magnano
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
The Relationship

Italy was quickly hit hard by the coronavirus. ‘Lockdown’ has significantly impacted the psychological health, personal wellbeing and quality of life of the people. The study aims to explore the relationship between positive and negative affect, as well as positive (spiritual well-being and flourishing) and negative outcomes (psychological distress caused by a traumatic life event in terms of perception of PTSD symptoms) on Italian adults during the lockdown period. Data was collected between April and May 2020. The participants were 281 Italian adults aged between 18 and 73 years. The survey was composed of the following measures: Flourishing Scale, Jarel Spiritual Well-Being scale, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Impact of Event Scale—Revised, Fear of COVID-19. The mediational analysis shows that fear of COVID-19 fully mediates the relationship between negative affect and spiritual well-being and flourishing; fear of COVID-19 partially mediates the relationship between negative affect and PTSD symptoms; the positive affect shows only direct effects on positive outcomes. Therefore, fear of COVID-19 does not play any mediation role. Implications for psychological interventions and future research will be discussed.

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