scholarly journals The Psychological Impact of Coronavirus Pandemic Restrictions in Italy. The Mediating Role of the Fear of COVID-19 in the Relationship between Positive and Negative Affect with Positive and Negative Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-710
Author(s):  
Andrea Zammitti ◽  
Chiara Imbrogliera ◽  
Angela Russo ◽  
Rita Zarbo ◽  
Paola Magnano
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
The Relationship

Italy was quickly hit hard by the coronavirus. ‘Lockdown’ has significantly impacted the psychological health, personal wellbeing and quality of life of the people. The study aims to explore the relationship between positive and negative affect, as well as positive (spiritual well-being and flourishing) and negative outcomes (psychological distress caused by a traumatic life event in terms of perception of PTSD symptoms) on Italian adults during the lockdown period. Data was collected between April and May 2020. The participants were 281 Italian adults aged between 18 and 73 years. The survey was composed of the following measures: Flourishing Scale, Jarel Spiritual Well-Being scale, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Impact of Event Scale—Revised, Fear of COVID-19. The mediational analysis shows that fear of COVID-19 fully mediates the relationship between negative affect and spiritual well-being and flourishing; fear of COVID-19 partially mediates the relationship between negative affect and PTSD symptoms; the positive affect shows only direct effects on positive outcomes. Therefore, fear of COVID-19 does not play any mediation role. Implications for psychological interventions and future research will be discussed.

scholarly journals Age Differences in the Relationship Between Daily Social Media Usage and Affect

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 410-410
Author(s):  
Xin Yao Lin ◽  
Margie Lachman
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Daily Time

Abstract Social media platforms allow people to connect and share content online (e.g., Facebook, Twitter). Although older adults are becoming more frequent users of social media, there continue to be mixed views on whether social media positively or negatively impacts well-being. Past studies have mainly focused on cross-sectional analyses for individual differences. However, both the time spent on social media and one’s affect can fluctuate on a daily basis. Thus, it is important to understand how the relationship between daily social media usage and affect varies within individuals from day to day. The current study adds to the literature by examining whether daily variations in time spent with social media are related to daily positive and negative affect and whether there are age differences in these relationships. The current study used an eight-day daily diary from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Refresher dataset for 782 participants (ages 25-75). Multilevel modeling results revealed that age moderated the relationship between daily time spent on social media and negative affect: for younger adults, on days when they spent more time on social media, they had more negative affect. For older adults, on days when they spent more time on social media, they had less negative affect. Surprisingly, daily time spent on social media was not related to daily positive affect, nor did this relationship differ by age. Implications for future research are discussed with a focus on how social media usage can contribute to daily well-being for adults of different ages.

scholarly journals Appreciation (Including Gratitude) and Affective Well-Being: Appreciation Predicts Positive and Negative Affect Above the Big Five Personality Factors and Demographics

SAGE Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824401881862 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Fagley
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Big Five Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality Factors

This study investigated the relation between appreciation and positive and negative affect, controlling for gender, age, ethnicity, and Big Five personality factors. Appreciation consists of several aspects, including a focus on what one has (“have” focus), awe, gratitude, and interpersonal appreciation. Undergraduates ( N = 236) completed an online survey containing the Appreciation Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), and Big Five Inventory (BFI). The Big Five traits accounted for 38% and 43% of the variance in positive and negative affect, respectively, beyond demographics. Appreciation accounted for 9% ( p < .001) and 4.6% ( p < .05) of the variance in positive and negative affect, respectively, beyond demographics and the Big Five. The “have” focus aspect of appreciation, which represents noticing, focusing on, and valuing what one has, accounted for significant unique variance in both positive and negative affect. Gratitude did not. Future research is needed to determine how broadly these results generalize.

Relationship between Self-Efficacy, Wrestling Performance, and Affect Prior to Competition

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren C. Treasure ◽  
Jeffrey Monson ◽  
Curt L. Lox
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Somatic Anxiety ◽  
Male High School ◽  
Efficacy Assessment ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between self-efficacy, wrestling performance, and affect prior to competition. 15 minutes prior to competition, 70 male high school wrestlers (M = 16.03 years) completed a self-efficacy assessment, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988), and the Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety Inventory-2 (Martens, Burton, Vealey, Bump, & Smith, 1990). Self-efficacy was found to be significantly associated with positive and negative affect and cognitive and somatic anxiety. Consistent with social cognitive theory, self-efficacy was a stronger predictor of performance when the measure was process oriented rather than win-loss. The findings suggest that confusion and equivocality in the literature could be removed if researchers assessed self-efficacy in a microanalytical fashion. Future research investigating the affective antecedents of performance should go beyond merely assessing negative states and recognize the potential role positive affect may play in sport behavior.

Positive and negative affect during the COVID-19 pandemic quarantine in Portugal

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eulalia Santos ◽  
Vanessa Ratten ◽  
Ana Diogo ◽  
Fernando Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Two Factors

Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic has spread rapidly around the world and Portugal is no exception. Positive and negative effects are extremely important in individual's life experiences and in particular in the context of the quarantine, in which it is important to maintain the balance between favorable and unfavorable situations. The purpose of this paper is to study in depth the intensity of the affect during the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal and to validate a scale of positive and negative affect in the context of quarantine and confinement. Design/methodology/approach The methodology used is of a quantitative nature, based on a questionnaire survey to measure the intensity of the affects and to analyze some sociodemographic variables. The sample consists of 726 individuals of age 18 years or older, who were in Portugal during the quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings The results show that respondents were concerned, anxious, well-disposed and impatient. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis applied to affects produced a latent structure with two factors: negative affect and positive affect. The affect scale has adequate convergent and discriminant validity and good internal consistency, with negative affect being experienced by individuals with greater intensity compared to positive affect. Originality/value It is hoped that this study contributes to an increase in the scientific knowledge in the field of the affects in the context of delicate situations such as the pandemic COVID-19 so that health professionals can intervene to improve individual’s well-being. This is an important way to provide better health policy that considers in more depth individual wellbeing and emotions during times of crisis. Limitations and suggestions for future research are also stated that highlight the importance of understanding emotional states of individuals during crisis events.

The Relationship of Career Decision Self-Efficacy, Trait Anxiety, and Affectivity among Undergraduate Students

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 805-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkan Işik
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Career Decision ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Emotional Life ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between career decision self-efficacy and personal-emotional life, including trait anxiety and positive and negative affect in a sample of 249 undergraduate students. Turkish versions of Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale—Short Form, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and Trait Anxiety Inventory were administrated. Higher career decision self-efficacy was associated with higher positive affectivity and lower trait anxiety and negative affectivity. Trait anxiety and positive affect were the significant predictors of career decision self-efficacy. Implications for career counseling and ideas for future research were discussed.

scholarly journals Positive and Negative Affect Mediate the Relationship Between Memory Lapses and Life Satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 576-576
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Mogle ◽  
Nikki Hill ◽  
Sakshi Bharhava ◽  
Laura Rabin ◽  
Jennifer Turner
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Multilevel Modeling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Aging is associated with declines and challenges, yet better subjective well-being. Life satisfaction is one aspect of well-being that may be sensitive to daily challenges. Daily memory lapses (e.g., forgetting words or meetings) are common and relevant for many adults. How individuals emotionally respond to challenges like memory lapses is a factor that could determine whether these experiences affect well-being. In a coordinated analysis of two datasets (N=561; ages 25-93 years) using multilevel modeling, we examined whether affective changes related to memory lapses mediated the relationship between memory lapses and life satisfaction. Results were similar across datasets: memory lapses were associated with reduced positive affect and increased negative affect. These associated affective changes also mediated the relationship between lapses and life satisfaction. We discuss the potential implications of our findings for linking proximal events and distal outcomes, and potentially intervening and identifying common challenges to mitigate broad reductions in well-being.

Spirituality, Life Stress, and Affective Well-Being

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
David V. Powers ◽  
Robert J. Cramer ◽  
Joshua M. Grubka
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Age Range

Recent research has explored many aspects of affective well-being, including depressive symptoms, positive and negative affect. The present study sought to contribute to this line of inquiry by investigating the role of life stress, spiritual life integration (SLI), and social justice commitment (SJC) in predicting affective well-being. Participants were 136 undergraduate students with a mean age of 18.82 (SD = 1.07), and age range of 17–22. Participants completed a questionnaire packet including the Undergraduate Stress Questionnaire (USQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), and Spiritual Involvement Scale which includes SLI and SJC subscales. In line with previous findings, life stress significantly predicted negative affect and depressive symptoms in hierarchical regression analyses. Contrary to previous research, SLI did not predict any aspect of affective well-being. Finally, SJC significantly predicted positive affect, negative affect, and depressive symptoms. Interpretations, implications, limitations, and future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Positive Affect Moderates the Relationship Between Salivary Testosterone and a Health Behavior Composite in University Females

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-315
Author(s):  
Luci A. Martin ◽  
Mariam Ter-Petrosyan
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Saliva Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Salivary Testosterone ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Testosterone is released in both men and women and plays an important role in social functioning and motivation. Greater testosterone in women has been associated with negative physical health outcomes, while lower testosterone has been associated with psychological disorders. The following cross-sectional study examined the contribution of salivary testosterone, positive and negative affect, and demographic variables in predicting a composite health behavior score (cigarette use, hours of sleep, fruit/vegetable intake, following an exercise routine). Method The sample (mean age 21.17, SD = 6.13) consisted of 87 female university students asked to complete a demographic and lifestyle behavior questionnaire, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and provide a saliva sample. Participants self-identified as Latina (37.9%), European American (32.2%), Asian American (5.7%), African American (4.6%), or Mixed/other (19.5%). Hierarchical regression analyses were used to examine whether positive and negative affect served as a moderator between salivary testosterone and a health behavior composite. Results Results indicated that positive affect moderated the relationship between salivary testosterone and the composite health behavior score (t = − 2.42, p = .018, Adj. R2 = .21, F (5, 81) = 5.07, p < .001) such that the healthiest behaviors were observed in participants with high positive affect and low salivary testosterone. Findings remained after adjusting for oral contraceptive use, income level, relationship status, and ethnicity. Conclusions These results provide a preliminary foundation for future research examining the interplay of neuroendocrine function, psychological factors (i.e., positive affect), and behavior. Further empirical studies can focus on expanding this research in larger, representative samples.

scholarly journals The relationship between neuroticism and job satisfaction. The mediating role of affect

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Georgiana Alexandra Olteanu ◽  
Andreea Corbeanu
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

The present study aims to identify the extent to which positive and negative affect mediate the relationship between neuroticism and job satisfaction. A number of 117 participants, employees of different companies and industries participated in this study. The results are in favor the studies’ hypothesizes, suggesting that the relation between neuroticism and job satisfaction is fully mediated by negative affect and partially mediated by positive affect. Finally, limitations, implications and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals The relationship between neuroticism and job satisfaction. The mediating role of affect

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Georgiana Alexandra Olteanu ◽  
Andreea Corbeanu
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

The present study aims to identify the extent to which positive and negative affect mediate the relationship between neuroticism and job satisfaction. A number of 117 participants, employees of different companies and industries participated in this study. The results are in favor the studies’ hypothesizes, suggesting that the relation between neuroticism and job satisfaction is fully mediated by negative affect and partially mediated by positive affect. Finally, limitations, implications and directions for future research are discussed.

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