Bereavement and Depression: Possible Changes to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: A Report from the Scientific Advisory Committee of the Association for Death Education and Counseling

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Balk ◽  
Illene Noppe Cupit ◽  
Irwin Sandler ◽  
James Werth
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Death Education ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Scientific Advisory Committee ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Scientific Advisory ◽  
Dsm Iv

The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) is being revised. A proposed revision hotly debated is to remove what is known as the exclusionary criterion and allow clinicians to diagnose a person with a major depressive episode within the early days and weeks following a death. The Executive Committee of the Association for Death Education and Counseling (ADEC) commissioned its Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) to examine the debate over removing the exclusionary criterion and provide a written report. The DSM-IV-TR classifies bereavement as a clinical condition that is not a mental disorder. The exclusionary criterion states that within the first 2 months of the onset of bereavement a person should not be diagnosed as having major depression unless certain symptoms not characteristic of a normal grief reaction are present. We note these symptoms when discussing the exclusionary criterion, examine reasons (including research conclusions and clinical concerns) given for retaining and for eliminating the exclusionary criterion, offer extensive comments from experienced licensed clinicians about the issues involved, discuss diagnostic and treatment implications, and offer specific recommendations for ADEC to implement.

scholarly journals Four cases of Dysthymic Disorder and General Malaise Successfully Treated with Traditional Herbal (Kampo) Medicines: Kamiuntanto

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. IMI.S4586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Kogure ◽  
Takeshi Tatsumi ◽  
Yuko Oku
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Dysthymic Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Disorder Treatment

Traditional herbal (Kampo) medicines have been used since ancient times to treat patients with mental disorders. In the present report, we describe four patients with dysthymia successfully treated with Kampo medicines: Kamiuntanto (KUT). These four patients fulfilled the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria for dysthymic disorder with easy fatigability and sleeplessness, but did not fulfill the criteria for major depressive disorder. Treatment with KUT relieved depressive status, fatigue and sleeplessness in these patients. As a result, their QOL (quality of life) was considerably improved. KUT may be useful as an additional or alternative treatment for dysthymia, especially in the field of primary health care.

Is Lorazepam a Treatment for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome?

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 54-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Francis ◽  
Sanjay Chandragiri ◽  
Syed Rizvi ◽  
Monika Koch ◽  
Georgios Petrides
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Research Criteria

AbstractThe authors assessed the ability of lorazepam and other benzodiazepines to affect the course of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). Records of inpatients who met both stringent research criteria and criteria under the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, (DSM-IV) (n=11) or DSM-IV criteria alone (n=5)for NMS were identified. All received lorazepam or related benzodiazepines within 24 hours of NMS onset or hospital admission. The records were reviewed for resolution of clinical signs NMS. Rigidity and fever abated within 24—48 hours, while secondary features of NMS were relieved within 64 hours. These results compared favorably with prior reports of 5-day to 10-day recovery periods. Benzodiazepine administration appeared to be well tolerated. Lorazepam and related benzodiazepines may reduce recovery time in NMS.

scholarly journals Validación de un punto de corte para la versión breve de la Escala de Depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos en adultos mayores mexicanos

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarón Salinas-Rodríguez ◽  
Betty Manrique-Espinoza ◽  
Gilberto Isaac Acosta-Castillo ◽  
Aurora Franco-Núñez ◽  
Óscar Rosas-Carrasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv

Objetivo. Identificar un punto de corte válido para la Escala de Depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos (CES-D) de siete reactivos, que permita clasificar a los adultos mayores según presencia/ausencia de síntomas depresivos clínicamente significativos. Material y métodos. Estudio de tamizaje con 229 adultos mayores residentes de los estados de Morelos y Tlaxcala en México, que fueron parte de la muestra de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición, 2012. Se estimó la sensibilidad y especificidad asociada con el punto de corte seleccionado usando los criterios diagnósticos del ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision) y del DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition). Resultados. El punto de corte estimado fue CES-D=5. De acuerdo con el ICD-10, los valores obtenidos de sensibilidad y especificidad fueron de 83.3 y 90.2%, y un valor ROC de 87% y, según el DSM-IV, los valores fueron 85, 83.2, y 84%, respectivamente. Conclusiones. La versión abreviada del CES-D puede ser utilizada como una prueba de tamizaje para identificar casos probables de adultos mayores con síntomas depresivos clínicamente significativos.

scholarly journals Alcohol, nicotine, caffeine, and mental disorders

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Delirium Tremens ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The Brain

Alcohol, nicotine, and caffeine are the most widely consumed psychotropic drugs worldwide. They are largely consumed by normal individuals, but their use is even more frequent in psychiatric patients, Thus, patients with schizophrenia tend to abuse all three substances. The interrelationships between depression and alcohol are complex. These drugs can all create dependence, as understood in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV). Alcohol abuse is clearly deleterious to the brain, provoking acute and chronic mental disorders, ranging from intoxication with impairment of cognition, to delirium tremens, halluosis, and dementia. In contrast, the main health consequences of nicotine, notably cancer and cardiovascular disases, lie outside the realm of psychiatry However, the mes of nicotine dependence and motivation to smoke or quit are of concern to psychiatrists.

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