scholarly journals Four cases of Dysthymic Disorder and General Malaise Successfully Treated with Traditional Herbal (Kampo) Medicines: Kamiuntanto

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. IMI.S4586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Kogure ◽  
Takeshi Tatsumi ◽  
Yuko Oku
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Dysthymic Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Disorder Treatment

Traditional herbal (Kampo) medicines have been used since ancient times to treat patients with mental disorders. In the present report, we describe four patients with dysthymia successfully treated with Kampo medicines: Kamiuntanto (KUT). These four patients fulfilled the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria for dysthymic disorder with easy fatigability and sleeplessness, but did not fulfill the criteria for major depressive disorder. Treatment with KUT relieved depressive status, fatigue and sleeplessness in these patients. As a result, their QOL (quality of life) was considerably improved. KUT may be useful as an additional or alternative treatment for dysthymia, especially in the field of primary health care.

Bereavement and Depression: Possible Changes to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: A Report from the Scientific Advisory Committee of the Association for Death Education and Counseling

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Balk ◽  
Illene Noppe Cupit ◽  
Irwin Sandler ◽  
James Werth
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Death Education ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Scientific Advisory Committee ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Scientific Advisory ◽  
Dsm Iv

The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) is being revised. A proposed revision hotly debated is to remove what is known as the exclusionary criterion and allow clinicians to diagnose a person with a major depressive episode within the early days and weeks following a death. The Executive Committee of the Association for Death Education and Counseling (ADEC) commissioned its Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) to examine the debate over removing the exclusionary criterion and provide a written report. The DSM-IV-TR classifies bereavement as a clinical condition that is not a mental disorder. The exclusionary criterion states that within the first 2 months of the onset of bereavement a person should not be diagnosed as having major depression unless certain symptoms not characteristic of a normal grief reaction are present. We note these symptoms when discussing the exclusionary criterion, examine reasons (including research conclusions and clinical concerns) given for retaining and for eliminating the exclusionary criterion, offer extensive comments from experienced licensed clinicians about the issues involved, discuss diagnostic and treatment implications, and offer specific recommendations for ADEC to implement.

scholarly journals Mental disorders in Australian 4- to 17- year olds: Parent-reported need for help

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E Johnson ◽  
David Lawrence ◽  
Michael Sawyer ◽  
Stephen R Zubrick
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

Objective: To describe the extent to which parents report that 4- to 17-year-olds with symptoms meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition criteria for mental disorders need help, the types of help needed, the extent to which this need is being met and factors associated with a need for help. Method: During 2013–2014, a national household survey of the mental health of Australia’s young people (Young Minds Matter) was conducted, involving 6310 parents (and carers) of 4- to 17-year-olds. The survey identified 12-month mental disorders using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children – Version IV ( n = 870) and asked parents about the need for four types of help – information, medication, counselling and life skills. Results: Parents of 79% of 4- to 17-year-olds with mental disorders reported that their child needed help, and of these, only 35% had their needs fully met. The greatest need for help was for those with major depressive disorder (95%) and conduct disorder (93%). Among these, 39% of those with major depressive disorder but only 19% of those with conduct disorder had their needs fully met. Counselling was the type of help most commonly identified as being needed (68%). In multivariate models, need for counselling was higher when children had autism or an intellectual disability, in blended families, when parents were distressed, and in the most advantaged socioeconomic areas. Conclusions: Many children and adolescents meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition criteria for mental disorders have a completely unmet need for help, especially those with conduct disorders. Even with mild disorders, lack of clinical assessment represents an important missed opportunity for early intervention and treatment.

Social Anxiety and Premorbid Personality Disorders in Paranoid Schizophrenic Patients Treated With Clozapine

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 29-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Pallanti ◽  
Leonardo Quercioli ◽  
Adolfo Pazzagli
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Paranoid Schizophrenia ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Premorbid Personality ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv

AbstractThe concept of anxiety as a distinct comorbid disorder in schizophrenia has recently been rediscovered after having been neglected for a long period of time due to both theoretical and clinical approaches adopted from the appearance of the first edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders in 1950. This rediscovery was accentuated by the fact that the concept of comorbidity in various psychiatric disorders has recently won widespread favor within the scientific community, and that the use of atypical neuroleptic medication to treat patients with schizophrenia has been reported to lead to the emergence of anxiety symptoms. Of the atypical neuroleptic medications used to treat schizophrenia, clozapine has most frequently been reported to induce anxiety symptoms. In this paper, 12 cases of patients with paranoid schizophrenia who developed social phobia during clozapine treatment are reported, and their response to fluoxetine augmentation is assessed. Premorbid personality disorders were also investigated; patients were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R—Patient Version and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders (DSM-III-R=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition Revised; DSM-IV=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition). In addition, the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), the Frankfurt Beschwerde Fragebogen (Frankfurt Questionnaire of Complaints), and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale were used to rate clinical symptomatology. All patients were reevaluated after 12 weeks of cotreatment with clozapine and fluoxetine. In 8 (66.6%) of the 12 cases, symptoms responded (≥35% LSAS score reduction) to an adjunctive regimen of fluoxetine. Furthermore, in 7 (58.3%) of the 12 cases, an anxious personality disorder (avoidant=33.3%; dependent=25%) was identified, but no significant differences in the prevalence of comorbid personality disorders emerged in comparison with a group of 16 patients with paranoid schizophrenia treated with clozapine who did not show symptoms of social phobia. The clinical relevance of the assessment and treatment of anxiety disorders is discussed in light of a clinical therapeutic approach that overcomes the implicit hierarchy of classification. Considering that the onset of anxiety-spectrum disorders (such as social phobia) can occur during the remission of psychotic symptoms in clozapine-treated patients with schizophrenia, a comprehensive approach to pharmacological therapy for patients with schizophrenia (or, at least for those treated with clozapine) should be adopted.

The Impact of DSM-5 A-Criteria Changes on Parent Ratings of ADHD in Adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret H. Sibley ◽  
Carlos E. Yeguez
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Parent Ratings ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Objective: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5) A-criteria for ADHD were expanded to include new descriptors referencing adolescent and adult symptom manifestations. This study examines the effect of these changes on symptom endorsement in a sample of adolescents with ADHD (N = 259; age range = 10.72-16.70). Method: Parent ratings were collected and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; DSM-IV-TR) and DSM-5 endorsement of ADHD symptoms were compared. Results: Under the DSM-5, there were significant increases in reported inattention, but not hyperactivity/impulsivity (H/I) symptoms, with specific elevations for certain symptoms. The average adolescent met criteria for less than one additional symptom under the DSM-5, but the correlation between ADHD symptoms and impairment was attenuated when using the DSM-5 items. Impulsivity items appeared to represent adolescent deficits better than hyperactivity items. Results were not moderated by demographic factors. Conclusion: In a sample of adolescents with well-diagnosed DSM-IV-TR ADHD, developmental symptom descriptors led parents to endorse slightly more symptoms of inattention, but this elevation is unlikely to be clinically meaningful.

scholarly journals Perilaku Abnormal Tokoh dalam Antologi Cerpen Bingung Karya Mahasiswa Psikologi UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 673-682
Author(s):  
Rofiad Darojad Diyaningsih ◽  
Yuni Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
American Psychiatric Association ◽  
Dissociative Disorders ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv

Abstract: This study aims to describe the forms of abnormal behavior, causes, and treatment of abnormal behavior in the anthology of Bingung short stories. This is qualitative research using a literary psychology approach with the object of the study being the anthology of Bingung short stories written by the student of UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. There are 22 short stories in the anthology, 17 of which meet the criteria. The criteria for analysis are stories presenting a character with abnormal behavior. The behaviors being observed are those in accordance with the DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) classification published by the APA (American Psychiatric Association). The results of this study indicate, first, that there are four types of abnormal behavior in the anthology, namely (1) anxiety disorders, (2) schizophrenia disorders, (3) dissociative disorders, and (4) abnormal behavior in childhood and adolescence. Second, the causes and treatment of abnormal behavior include (1) causes and treatment of anxiety disorders, (2) causes and treatment of schizophrenia, (3) causes and treatment of abnormal behavior in childhood and adolescence. Keywords: abnormal behavior; characters; the anthology of Bingung short stories Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk perilaku abnormal, penyebab, dan penanganan perilaku abnormal dalam antologi cerpen Bingung. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif, sedangkan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan psikologi sastra dengan objek kajian antologi cerpen Bingung karya mahasiswa UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. Terdapat 22 cerpen dalam antologi cerpen Bingung, 17 diantaranya merupakan cerpen yang memenuhi kriteria untuk diteliti. Kriteria cerpen yang diteliti adalah cerpen yang di dalamnya menceritakan seorang tokoh berperilaku abnormal dengan bentuk-bentuk perilaku abnormal yang sesuai dengan pedoman penggolongan perilaku abnormal DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) yang diterbitkan oleh APA (American Psychiatric Association). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, pertama, adanya empat tipe perilaku abnormal dalam antologi cerpen Bingung, yaitu (1) gangguan kecemasan, (2) gangguan skizofrenia, (3) gangguan disosiatif, (4) perilaku abnormal pada masa kanak-kanak dan remaja. Kedua, Penyebab dan penanganan perilaku abnormal meliputi (1) penyebab dan penanganan gangguan kecemasan, (2) penyebab dan penanganan pada gangguan skizofrenia, (3) penyebab dan penanganan pada perilaku abnormal pada masa kanak-kanak dan remaja. Kata kunci: perilaku abnormal; tokoh; antologi cerpen bingung

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