Immanence and Configuration in Analogical Reasoning

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Wolverton ◽  
R. Lee Lyman
Keyword(s):  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Historical Science

The role of analogical reasoning has been extensively discussed by American archaeologists. Geologists and evolutionary biologists suggest two kinds of analogy are necessary in historical science. The distinction between immanent and configurational properties and processes in these affinal disciplines clarifies the role of analogical reasoning in archaeology. Examples of archaeological analogies reveals conflation of the two kinds of processes and properties. Distinction between immanence and configuration provides a basis to identify the potentials and pitfalls of analogical reasoning in archaeology.

Tracing Legal History In Continental Civil Law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heikki Pihlajamäki
Keyword(s):  
Legal History ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Legal Scholarship ◽  
Historical School ◽  
Introductory Note ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Post War

This chapter begins with a brief introductory note on the role of legal history in ancient Roman law, and the legal scholarship of medieval glossators and commentators. It then turns to the dominant schools of continental legal scholarship in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the ‘Neo-Bartolists’ and the usus modernus pandectarum. It considers the rise of the Historical School in Germany and the corresponding movements elsewhere in continental Europe. Methodologically, the representatives of the Historical School were the first professional legal historians in the modern sense of the term. Finally, the chapter retells the story of the rise of European legal history in the post-war period, and the recent trends towards a creation of global legal histories. It shows that legal history’s turns have in many ways followed from not only legal scholarship in general, but also from developments in historical science and global politics.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF HISTORICAL SCIENCES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN 21st CENTURY INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Luthfi Lazuardi ◽  
Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
City Government ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
City Governments ◽  
Online Portal ◽  
The City

Public transportation is one of the most critical needs for a city, including in Indonesia. The fast and dynamic movement of society makes public transportation expected to accommodate the needs of city residents to move more quickly and efficiently. Available public transport can also reduce congestion because many city residents are switching from their private vehicles. Many cities in Indonesia are competing to develop their public transportation to modernize the life of the town. Problems will arise if the city government does not learn from history in planning the development of public transport in the city. This study aims to examine the role of historical science in the development of urban public transportation in Indonesia. The method used in this research is descriptive-qualitative through literature review by analyzing data and information according to the topic of the research topic. The data and information are sourced from 20 journal articles and five credible online portal sites with published years between 2019-2021. The result of this study is the role of historical science in the development of urban public transportation in Indonesia as a reference for city governments to reorganize their transportation systems in the future. This research has research limitations on the development of urban public transport in Indonesia in the 21st century. The researcher recommends further research on the role and benefits of historical science in improving urban public transportation in Indonesia to complement some lacking things from this research. At the same time was adding to the scientific treasures for many people, significant position holders in city government to be more intense in using historical knowledge as an essential study to encourage a better civilization of a city by improving the public transportation system.

Historiographical facts and political practice in Russia in the XVIII – beginning of the XXI centuries

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Г.Н. Ланской
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Political Practice ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Control ◽  
Coordination And Control ◽  
Development And Evolution

Статья посвящена истории связи между развитием исторической науки и политической практики в России. В контексте этого развития представлены, с одной стороны, эволюция исторических исследований и их координации и, с другой стороны, трансформация подхода институциональных структур государства к выбору управленческой стратегии в руководстве работой историков. В качестве примера для исследования обозначенной проблемы выбран период с начала XVIII до начала XXI века, потому что в его рамках была сформирована практика профессиональной деятельности в сфере историографии как процесса человеческой деятельности. Особое внимание в статье адресовано к роли идеологии в формировании различных моделей связи между работой историков и политических деятелей по конструированию образа прошлого, настоящего и будущего развития российской истории. The article reveals the connection between the historical science development and evolution of political practice in Russia.In that context shown are the course of the historical research and the coordination and control strategies implemented by the state, including institutional transformations.As a subject of current research was taken the period from the XVIII – beginning of the XXI centuries, when historiography became a profession and was institutionalized.Special attention is driven to the role of ideology in adopting different models of interaction between historians and political actors, while framing the image of the past, the present and the future of Russia.

НЕСКОЛЬКО СЛОВ О М. М. ГРОМЫКО КАК ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЕ СЛАВЯНОФИЛЬСКОГО НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ РУССКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Наталья Тимуровна Энеева
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Language ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Popular Religiosity ◽  
The Church

Статья посвящена роли славянофильской проблематики в становлении отечественной исторической науки 1990 х – 2010-х годов. Апробированная почти двумя столетиями историософско-богословской дискуссии, эта проблематика явила себя на исходе ХХ столетия как преимущественно экклезиологическая – как насущные вопросы личностного и общественного воцерковления. Существенное значение в этом процессе имеет воссоздание адекватного научного языка и понятийного аппарата для описания роли Церкви и народной религиозности в формировании национального самосознания и религиозно-культурной общности. Подчеркивается, что в данной концепции история Церкви и народа как ее носителя – «народа-богоносца» – предстает не в качестве локальной темы, но как основной сюжет и сущностный смысл мирового исторического процесса. The article is devoted to the role of Slavophil problems in the formation of Russian historical science in the 1990s – 2010s. Approved by almost two centuries of historiosophical and theological discussion, this problematic showed itself at the end of the twentieth century as primarily ecclesiological – as pressing issues of personal and social churching. Recreation of an adequate scientific language and conceptual apparatus for describing the role of the Church and popular religiosity in the formation of national identity and religious and cultural community is essential in this process. It is emphasized that in this concept the history of the Church and the people as its bearer – the «God-bearing people» – appears not as a local theme, but as the main plot and essential meaning of the world historical process.

Islamic Law and International Law

2019 ◽  
pp. 86-124
Author(s):  
Emilia Justyna Powell
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
Legal Traditions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Role Of Religion

This chapter explores in considerable detail differences and similarities between the Islamic legal tradition and international law. It discusses in detail the historical interaction between these legal traditions, their co-evolution, and the academic conversations on this topic. The chapter also addresses the Islamic milieu’s contributions to international law, and sources of Islamic law including the Quran, sunna, judicial consensus, and analogical reasoning. It talks about the role of religion in international law. Mapping the specific characteristics of Islamic law and international law offers a glimpse of the contrasting and similar paradigms, spirit, and operation of law. This chapter identifies three points of convergence: law of scholars, customary law, and rule of law; as well as three points of departure: relation between law and religion, sources of law, and religious features in the courtroom (religious affiliation and gender of judges, holy oaths).

scholarly journals Neither Colony Nor Enclave: Calling for dialogical contextualism in management and organization studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 263178771987970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Hamann ◽  
John Luiz ◽  
Kutlwano Ramaboa ◽  
Farzad Khan ◽  
Xolisa Dhlamini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Systematic Biases ◽  
Organizational Scholarship ◽  
Complementary Spaces

We express our unease with one-sided invitations into the Northern mainstream, as well as with Southern critics’ retreat into indigenous enclaves of organizational scholarship. We use this dichotomy to theorize the role of context in organizational theorizing by linking scholarly conversations on context, analogical reasoning, and problematizing assumptions. This creates the opportunity to more carefully consider how not just our theoretical backgrounds but also our contextual life-worlds provide the assumptions and analogies we bring into our theorizing. We use this platform to consider in more detail systematic biases in both the Northern mainstream (erasing and imposing biases) and the Southern critique (scapegoating and valorizing biases). These biases have in common that they essentialize context. To address this risk and to facilitate contextual reflexivity, we propose a form of dialogical scholarly engagement to generate complementary spaces to fruitfully question our contextually embedded assumptions.

scholarly journals BLOODY “ALMAZ”: DE/CONSTRUCTION OF ONE REVOLUTION MYTH IN ODESA

2018 ◽  
pp. 113-128
Author(s):  
Taras Vintskovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Soviet Republic ◽  
Soviet Historiography ◽  
Limited Period

In Soviet historical science during 1960s-1980s a traditional stereotype of perception of the cruiser “Almaz” as “Southern Aurora” was formed, which had to symbolize similar tendencies of the revolutionary progress in 1917- 1918 in Baltic and the Black Sea Fleets. The role of the steamship crew in events of the Russian and the Ukrainian revolutions in a limited period of time is analyzed in the article. In January 1918, the Bolshevist armed insurrection took place in Odesa, active participation in the preparation of which was played by the part of sailors and officers of the cruiser “Almaz”. During the existence of the Odesa Soviet republic, new authorities used the practice of the “red” terror, the symbol of which was “Almaz”. As the result of the detention and physical liquidation of people of various categories on the cruiser and at moorings of other warships, thus spreading a variety of rumours, authorities of local self-government attempted to take control of the situation in order to make facts of self-trial impossible. But judicial and investigational institutions were able to investigate the circumstances of the detention of prisoners and their subsequent fate fully only after the restoration of the Ukrainian National Republic governance in Odesa. Their conclusions dispel the heroic image of the cruiser created by Soviet historiography.

scholarly journals Problems and Possibilities of Image Construction in Historical Science (on the Example of an Image of a Siberian Bureaucrat of the Russian Empire)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1 (25)) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Elizaveta I. Mikhaylenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Image Construction ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article deals with the basic theories of the image in historical science, the mechanisms of its creation and the possibility of constructing the image of a bureaucrat. The concepts of image and stereotype are distinguished. The author proposes methods for searching for the image of a bureaucrat and assesses the role of the various components of this image.

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