scholarly journals THE ROLE OF HISTORICAL SCIENCES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN 21st CENTURY INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Luthfi Lazuardi ◽  
Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
City Government ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
City Governments ◽  
Online Portal ◽  
The City

Public transportation is one of the most critical needs for a city, including in Indonesia. The fast and dynamic movement of society makes public transportation expected to accommodate the needs of city residents to move more quickly and efficiently. Available public transport can also reduce congestion because many city residents are switching from their private vehicles. Many cities in Indonesia are competing to develop their public transportation to modernize the life of the town. Problems will arise if the city government does not learn from history in planning the development of public transport in the city. This study aims to examine the role of historical science in the development of urban public transportation in Indonesia. The method used in this research is descriptive-qualitative through literature review by analyzing data and information according to the topic of the research topic. The data and information are sourced from 20 journal articles and five credible online portal sites with published years between 2019-2021. The result of this study is the role of historical science in the development of urban public transportation in Indonesia as a reference for city governments to reorganize their transportation systems in the future. This research has research limitations on the development of urban public transport in Indonesia in the 21st century. The researcher recommends further research on the role and benefits of historical science in improving urban public transportation in Indonesia to complement some lacking things from this research. At the same time was adding to the scientific treasures for many people, significant position holders in city government to be more intense in using historical knowledge as an essential study to encourage a better civilization of a city by improving the public transportation system.

scholarly journals Institutional Development in Public Transport Policy: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Kwan Hue Thuang
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Transport Policy ◽  
City Government ◽  
City Community ◽  
The City

This article discusses institutional development in public transport policy in terms of concepts and theories. The institutionalized organization must establish and maintain a network in its environment to keep it alive and functioning, by adjusting to the relationships in an organization's life. The development of the transportation system is carried out in a sustainable, consistent, and integrated manner, both inter and between modes, with other development sectors and taking into account the existence of the local government. The policies formulated by the city government should take into account all available modes of public transportation and may be utilized by the city community. The design of vehicles that will be used as public transportation must also be adapted to the needs of the community and conditions in urban areas.

scholarly journals Analysis of Accessibility of Public Transport in Warsaw in the Opinion of Users

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-403
Author(s):  
Rafal Stachyra ◽  
Kamil Roman
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
City Government ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Passenger Satisfaction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Transportation Accessibility ◽  
The City ◽  
Large Investment

Public transport in Warsaw is currently showing a dynamic development. The capital of Poland, as the largest city in the country, is constantly increasing spending on transport and implementing large investment projects, such as the expansion of the subway, which gives residents more opportunities for efficient movement within the agglomeration. Despite the implementation of these investments, there are still some sensitive places in Warsaw where access to public transport may be difficult. Given these conditions, a study of public transportation accessibility is warranted and socially needed. This article presents the results of a questionnaire survey conducted among Warsaw residents. The study included a group of 986 respondents, most people between the ages of 18 and 44. The analysis conducted looked at perceived accessibility of public transportation and satisfaction with public transportation services. As a result of the study, we could identify the main factors that influence passenger satisfaction, as well as examine transport accessibility in the social city of Warsaw. Conclusions from the study may be helpful for the city government to improve the functioning of public transport.

Unpacking Local Self-Government: The Uncertain Power of Cities in the Indian Constitution

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-50
Author(s):  
Mathew Idiculla
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Constitutional Reform ◽  
City Government ◽  
Legal Authority ◽  
City Governments ◽  
The Core ◽  
Division Of Powers ◽  
Political Units ◽  
The City

While cities are increasingly becoming powerful economic and political units, legal scholars have paid inadequate attention to the role of local governments in the constitutional division of powers. This paper examines the legal authority of city governments in India’s constitutional architecture and analyses the nature and extent of powers exercised by them. While globally city governments seldom derive their powers directly from the Constitution, in India the passage of the 74th Amendment has ensured that they have a definite space in its Constitution. Despite constitutional entrenchment, urban local governments in India find themselves powerless to administer some of the core municipal functions including urban planning. This paper seeks to analyse the reasons behind this contradiction. It argues that city governments continue to be weak because of the inherent limitations of the scope of the 74th Amendment as well as the way in which it is translated and implemented by the states. It examines the constitutional authority of urban local governments by analysing the key provisions of the 74th Amendment and its judicial interpretations. To understand how the constitutional reform has translated on the ground, this paper closely examines the role and functioning of the city government of Bangalore.

scholarly journals Kota Sebelum Mesin: Yogyakarta Periode 1950an-1970an

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Eka Rahayu Manggasari
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
Urban Streets ◽  
Human Power ◽  
Human Labor ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

This study discusses the history of the Indonesian city from the perspective of the pedicab peddlers from the 1950s to the 1970s. The role of the pedicab peddlers was central in transporting people and goods in the cities. The stagnation of public transportation, which had started since the Japanese occupation, had worsened in the postcolonial period. The failure to find a substitute for public transport resulted in its replacement with human labor, in the form of the pedicab. The article argues that the centrality of the pedicab during the early decades of independence means that to understand how urban spaces were experienced required an understanding of their function for these urban spaces. Their role need to be given voice to the narrative of the city. Pedicabs worked in tehe urban streets and are integral to the functioning of the street. The article wants to explore the writing of the history of the city, in which human power plays  a central role. In depth the purpose of this kind of writing will open our eyes to our understanding of how the city works at the street level.

СТРУКТУРА, МОДЕЛИ И СТРАТЕГИИ УЧАСТИЯ ГОРОДСКИХ СООБЩЕСТВ В КОНФЛИКТАХ

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
А. И. Кольба ◽  
Н. В. Кольба
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
City Government ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
Competitive Strategies ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
The City

The article describes the structural characteristics of the urban communities of the city of Krasnodar and the related features that impact their participation in urban conflicts. This issue is considered in a number of scientific publications, but there is a need to expand the empirical base of such studies. On the base of expert interviews conducted with both city activists, their counterparty (representatives of the municipal government) and external observers (journalists), the parameters of urban communities functioning in the process of their interaction with other conflict actors are revealed. The communities characteristics such as the predominantly territorial principle of formation, the overlap of online and offline communications in their activities, the presence of a “core” with a relatively low number of permanent participants and others are determined. Their activities are dominated by neighborly and civilian models of participation in conflicts. The possibilities of realizing one’s own interests through political interactions (participation in elections, the activities of representative bodies of power, political parties) are not yet sufficiently understood. Urban communities, as a rule, operate within the framework of conventional forms of participation in solving urgent problems, although in some cases it is possible to use confrontational methods, in particular, protest ones. In this regard, the most often used compromise, with the desire for cooperation, a strategy of behavior in interaction with opponents. The limited activating role of conflicts in the activities of communities has been established. The weak manifestation of the civil and especially political component in their activities determines the preservation of a low level of political subjectivity. This factor restrains the growth of urban communities resources and the possibility of applying competitive strategies in interaction with city government and business.

COVID-19, migration and inclusive cities through e-governance: strategies to manage asylum seekers in Durban, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Kariuki ◽  
Maria Lauda Goyayi ◽  
Lizzy Oluwatoyin Ofusori
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Public Services ◽  
City Government ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Governance Strategies ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

Purpose This paper aims to examine the role of electronic governance (e-governance) in enabling asylum seekers’ access to public services in the city of Durban, South Africa. Because of COVID-19, the government scaled down its operations, limiting access to public services, including among migrants. Design/methodology/approach Because of COVID-19-related restrictions, a systematic review was conducted of the relevant academic literature as well as the information portals of relevant government departments, municipalities and research reports on migration and refugees in South Africa. A total of 320 peer-reviewed research articles were identified. These were filtered and 68 relevant articles were selected. Findings The study found that asylum seekers have limited access to public services via information communication technology-enabled mechanisms. Whilst the city government has embraced e-governance, it is still in its nascent stages. Research limitations/implications This study was limited to a desktop one because of COVID-19 restrictions and it focused exclusively on asylum seekers. Therefore, its findings can only be generalised to this category of people. Practical implications Future studies on this subject should gather data from all categories of migrants to gain in-depth perspectives. Social implications All spheres of governance in South Africa should recognise asylum seekers as a constituency that deserves access to public services. E-governance can facilitate easier access to these services, and policies need to be aligned with this reality. Originality/value This study examined the efficacy of e-governance in enabling access to government services by asylum seekers during COVID-19. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no other study on this subject was conducted during this period.

scholarly journals Spatial Pattern and Hotspots of Urban Rail Public Transport to Public Access Using Geospatial Techniques in Selangor, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 234-244
Author(s):  
Mohd Sahrul Syukri BIN Yahya ◽  
Edie Ezwan Mohd Safian ◽  
Burhaida Burhan
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Urban Public Transport

Currently, the trends in urban public transport have been changing over the years in developing countries for mobilization and accessibility development. Urban public transportation systems are the most popular in Selangor State, including big cities such as the Klang Valley Region. Objective measures of spatial pattern and hotspots have been used to understand how urban public transport development relate to open access. This method relies on specific spatial information and available web-based tool that shows the pattern primarily based on given vicinity and statistics connectivity. To date, several studies have finished tested in developed countries. In this study, we use Geographic Information Systems to analyse and consider hotspots identification precisely and efficaciously. Therefore, in this paper, we focus on two types of point sample evaluations – Gi* hot spot and point density analysis evaluation as statistical operations. Public rail transport was evaluated as a validation to describe the percentage of distribution of open access. The final result, GIS mapping capabilities to show that GIS's technology offers to the variation of urban public transport relate to public services, is to create maps and spatial interpretations.

scholarly journals Use of Public Transport and Contraction of SARS-CoV-2 in a Large Prospective Cohort in Norway.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merete Ellingjord-Dale ◽  
Karl Trygve Kalleberg ◽  
Mette Istre ◽  
Anders B. Nygaard ◽  
Sonja H. Brunvoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Calendar Time ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Background: For many people public transport is the only mode of travel, and it can be challenging to keep the necessary distances in such a restricted space. The exact role of public transportation and risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is not known. Methods: Participants (n=121 374) were untested adult Norwegian residents recruited through social media who in the spring of 2020 completed a baseline questionnaire on demographics and use of public transport. Incident cases (n=1069) had a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test registered at the Norwegian Messaging System for Infectious Diseases by January 27, 2021. We investigated the association between use of public transport and SARS-CoV-2 using logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for age, calendar time, gender, municipality, smoking, income level, fitness and underlying medical conditions were estimated. Frequency of use of public transport was reported for 2 week-periods. Results: Before lockdown, those who tested positive on SARS-CoV-2 were more likely to have used public transport 1-3 times (OR =1.28, CI 1.09-1.51), 4-10 times (OR=1.49, CI 1.26-1.77) and ≥11 times (OR=1.50, CI 1.27-1.78, p for trend<0.0001) than those who had not tested positive. Conclusion: Use of public transport was positively associated with contracting SARS-CoV-2 both before and after lockdown.

scholarly journals Effort of Medan Mayor in Realizing Clean Government (Study About the Practice of Administration in Medan City To Prevent and Acts Criminal Actors of Corruption)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabungan Sibarani
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Central Government ◽  
City Government ◽  
The City ◽  
Reward And Punishment

The efforts of Mayor of Medan in creating a clean government in Medan City Government isto promote the rules and policies that have made the central government and implementedby the city government of Medan conditions include (a) the fact Integrity, (b) e-purchasing,(c) e-government, (d) reward (reward) and punishment (punishment), (e) unqualified (WTP)and the Procurement Services Unit (ULP). The role of the Mayor of Medan to prevent andtake action against perpetrators of corruption in the city government of Medan are (a) facingthe principle of transparency in carrying out the functions and duties of office to preventcorrupt practices, (b) make an early warning program of prevention of corruption, (c) andnine steps to eradicate corruption. That support wider community both from the communityorganizations, businesses, and students are needed. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i2.4952

scholarly journals Layu Sebelum Berkembang: Studi Kasus Kerjasama Sister City Malang dengan Fuqing dalam Komoditas Kedelai

Global Focus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
Naufal Fikhri Khairi ◽  
◽  
Amaliya Mulyanor ◽  
Fitria Winda Sari ◽  
Nurul Zhafira
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
City Government ◽  
City Governments ◽  
State Actor ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Large Production ◽  
Strong Commitment ◽  
The City ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Production Losses

The purpose of this paper is to determine the factors that have stopped the Sister City cooperation between Malang City and Fuqing City in the field of soybean commodity. Fulfilling the need for imported soybeans is important for Malang, because it is well-known for its many ‘Keripik Tempe’ producers or commonly called ‘IKM Tempe’, so that the potential for Fuqing imported soybean is important to be realized. The study used a qualitative descriptive method, and used the Paradiplomacy Concept and the Sister City Concept in explaining the cooperation between Malang City and Fuqing City. The results obtained were the cooperation between sister city Malang City and Fuqing City in the field of soybean commodity which ‘failed’ because soybeans from Fuqing were of lower quality than soybeans imported from United States and had large production losses, so that the IKM Tempe in Malang preferred to use imported United States soybeans and stopped the use of imported Fuqing soybeans. Until now, the two city governments have not been heard meeting to discuss this issue, which makes the city government as a sub-state actor not yet having a strong commitment to this cooperation.

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