Treatment of Malaria and Febrile Convulsions: An Educational Diagnosis of Yoruba Beliefs

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayashree Ramakrishna ◽  
William R. Brieger ◽  
Joshua D. Adeimiyi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
Febrile Convulsions ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Education Interventions ◽  
Prompt Action ◽  
Health Education Interventions

An understanding of community perceptions of illness, especially disease definitions that are unique to a particular culture, is essential for developing culturally appropriate primary health care programs. Malaria is endemic in the Ibarapa District of Oyo State, Nigeria, and one of its major complications, febrile convulsions, affects nearly one-third of preschool children at least once in their lifetime. Perceptions among the local Yoruba people categorize malaria and convulsions as part of two different disease processes. Ideas of causation, severity, seasonality, and treatment are in many ways opposites. This means that parents do not perceive the dangers of convulsions when their children suffer malaria. Unfortunately the small children themselves cannot be part of the decision-making process which involves potentially toxic treatment practices. Based on an understanding of Yoruba beliefs, primary health care and health education interventions have been designed that encourage parents to take prompt action when they recognize that their child has malaria.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of exercise and health education interventions in Brazilian primary health care

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Clara Elias Polo ◽  
Giselle Helena Tavares ◽  
Ana Carolina Kanitz ◽  
Emerson Sebastião ◽  
Camila Bosquiero Papini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Education Interventions ◽  
Health Education Interventions

Knowledge of Malaria and Management Practices of Primary Health Care Workers Treating Children with Malaria in Ibadan, Nigeria

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Fawole ◽  
M. O. Onadeko ◽  
C. O. Oyejide
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Physical Examinations

A survey of the knowledge and management practices of 61 health workers in five primary health care facilities in Ibadan 30 health workers observed as they managed children with fever and the parasite status of 92 children diagnosed to have malaria was conducted. Sixty-seven percent of children had the malaria parasite. Knowledge on some basic concepts was fairly adequate as the majority (75.4%) knew the cause of malaria, and 95.1% correctly recognized its key signs and symptoms. Treatment practices were poor as only 55.7% and 63.9% of health workers, respectively, prescribed chloroquine and paracetamol correctly; most gave underdosage. Observation revealed that history taking and physical examinations were rudimentary. Scores out of 100 on correct prescriptions of chloroquine and paracetamol were 60.1 and 76.8, respectively. There is an urgent need for periodic education programs, especially for health workers with many years of experience to help them maintain clinical skills and refresh their knowledge.

scholarly journals ­­Lyme borreliosis in Finland: A register-based linkage study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eeva Feuth ◽  
Mikko Virtanen ◽  
Otto Helve ◽  
Jukka Hytönen ◽  
Jussi Sane
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Good Compliance ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
National Health Care ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Routine Surveillance

Abstract Background: In Finland, the routine surveillance of Lyme borreliosis (LB) is laboratory-based. In addition, we have well established national health care registers where countrywide data from patient visits in public health care units are collected. In our previous study based on these registers, we reported an increasing incidence of both microbiologically confirmed and clinically diagnosed LB cases in Finland during the past years. Here, we evaluated our register data, refined LB incidence estimates provided in our previous study, and evaluated treatment practices considering LB in the primary health care. Methods: Three national health care registers were used. The Register for Primary Health Care Visits (Avohilmo) and the National Hospital Discharge Register (Hilmo) collect physician-recorded data from the outpatient and inpatient health care visits, respectively, whereas the National Infectious Diseases Register (NIDR) represents positive findings in LB diagnostics notified electronically by microbiological laboratories. We used a personal identification number in register-linkage to identify LB cases on an individual level in the study year 2014. In addition, antibiotic purchase data was retrieved from the Finnish Social Insurance Institution in order to evaluate the LB treatment practices in the primary health care in Finland. Results: Avohilmo was found to be useful in monitoring clinically diagnosed LB (i.e. erythema migrans (EM) infections), whereas Hilmo did not add much value next to existing laboratory-based surveillance of disseminated LB. However, Hilmo gave valuable information about uncertainties related to physician-based surveillance of disseminated LB and the total annual number of EM infections in our country. Antibiotic purchases associated with the LB-related outpatient visits in the primary health care indicated a good compliance with the recommended treatment guidelines. Conclusions: Avohilmo and laboratory-based NIDR together are useful in monitoring LB incidence in Finland. A good compliance was observed with the recommended treatment guidelines of clinically diagnosed LB in the primary health care. In 2018, Avohilmo was introduced in the routine surveillance of LB in Finland next to laboratory-based surveillance of disseminated LB.

scholarly journals Lyme borreliosis in Finland: a register-based linkage study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eeva Feuth ◽  
Mikko Virtanen ◽  
Otto Helve ◽  
Jukka Hytönen ◽  
Jussi Sane
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Good Compliance ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
National Health Care ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Routine Surveillance

Abstract Background In Finland, the routine surveillance of Lyme borreliosis (LB) is laboratory-based. In addition, we have well established national health care registers where countrywide data from patient visits in public health care units are collected. In our previous study based on these registers, we reported an increasing incidence of both microbiologically confirmed and clinically diagnosed LB cases in Finland during the past years. Here, we evaluated our register data, refined LB incidence estimates provided in our previous study, and evaluated treatment practices considering LB in the primary health care. Methods Three national health care registers were used. The Register for Primary Health Care Visits (Avohilmo) and the National Hospital Discharge Register (Hilmo) collect physician-recorded data from the outpatient and inpatient health care visits, respectively, whereas the National Infectious Diseases Register (NIDR) represents positive findings in LB diagnostics notified electronically by microbiological laboratories. We used a personal identification number in register-linkage to identify LB cases on an individual level in the study year 2014. In addition, antibiotic purchase data was retrieved from the Finnish Social Insurance Institution in order to evaluate the LB treatment practices in the primary health care in Finland. Results Avohilmo was found to be useful in monitoring clinically diagnosed LB (i.e. erythema migrans (EM) infections), whereas Hilmo did not add much value next to existing laboratory-based surveillance of disseminated LB. However, Hilmo gave valuable information about uncertainties related to physician-based surveillance of disseminated LB and the total annual number of EM infections in our country. Antibiotic purchases associated with the LB-related outpatient visits in the primary health care indicated a good compliance with the recommended treatment guidelines. Conclusions Avohilmo and laboratory-based NIDR together are useful in monitoring LB incidence in Finland. A good compliance was observed with the recommended treatment guidelines of clinically diagnosed LB in the primary health care. In 2018, Avohilmo was introduced in the routine surveillance of LB in Finland next to laboratory-based surveillance of disseminated LB.

scholarly journals ­­Lyme borreliosis in Finland: A register-based linkage study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eeva Feuth ◽  
Mikko Virtanen ◽  
Otto Helve ◽  
Jukka Hytönen ◽  
Jussi Sane
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
National Health ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
National Health Care ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
National Hospital Discharge Register ◽  
Routine Surveillance

Abstract Background: In Finland, the routine surveillance of Lyme borreliosis (LB) is laboratory-based. In addition, we have well established national health care registers where countrywide data from patient visits in public health care units are collected. In our previous study based on these registers, we reported an increasing incidence of both microbiologically confirmed and clinically diagnosed LB cases in Finland during the past years. Here, we evaluated our register data, refined LB incidence estimates provided in our previous study, and evaluated treatment practices considering LB in the primary health care. Methods: Three national health care registers were used. The Register for Primary Health Care Visits (Avohilmo) and the National Hospital Discharge Register (Hilmo) collect physician-recorded data from the outpatient and inpatient health care visits, respectively, whereas the National Infectious Diseases Register (NIDR) represents positive findings in LB diagnostics notified electronically by microbiological laboratories. We used a personal identification number in register-linkage to identify LB cases on an individual level in the study year 2014. In addition, antibiotic purchase data was retrieved from the Finnish Social Insurance Institution in order to evaluate the LB treatment practices in the primary health care in Finland.Results: Avohilmo was found to be useful in monitoring clinically diagnosed LB (i.e. EM infections), whereas Hilmo did not add much value next to existing laboratory-based surveillance of disseminated LB. However, Hilmo gave valuable information about uncertainties related to physician-based surveillance of disseminated LB and the total annual number of EM infections in our country. Antibiotic purchases associated with the LB-related outpatient visits in the primary health care indicated a good compliance with the recommended treatment guidelines. Conclusions: In 2018, Avohilmo was introduced in the routine surveillance of LB in Finland next to laboratory-based surveillance of disseminated LB.

Christian Missionary Medicine and Traditional Healers: A Case Study in Collaboration from the Philippines

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Paul Seale
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
Primary Health

Traditional healers pose a challenge to Christian medical personnel in developing countries. Traditional medicine provides up to 90 percent of the health care in some countries and is being included in some primary health care systems. Challenges to Christian practitioners often include differences in disease theory, diagnostic and treatment practices, and theological perspective. This article describes the approach of a Christian primary health care team who, after careful study of traditional healers, forged a successful collaborative alliance with a group of traditional healers in the Philippines. Benefits and pitfalls of such collaboration are discussed, as well as potential applications in other settings.

Non-Fatal Deliberate Self-Harm in Three Remote Indigenous Communities in Far North Queensland, Australia

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Rouen ◽  
Alan R. Clough ◽  
Caryn West
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Far North ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Self Harm

Abstract. Background: Indigenous Australians experience a suicide rate over twice that of the general population. With nonfatal deliberate self-harm (DSH) being the single most important risk factor for suicide, characterizing the incidence and repetition of DSH in this population is essential. Aims: To investigate the incidence and repetition of DSH in three remote Indigenous communities in Far North Queensland, Australia. Method: DSH presentation data at a primary health-care center in each community were analyzed over a 6-year period from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2011. Results: A DSH presentation rate of 1,638 per 100,000 population was found within the communities. Rates were higher in age groups 15–24 and 25–34, varied between communities, and were not significantly different between genders; 60% of DSH repetitions occurred within 6 months of an earlier episode. Of the 227 DSH presentations, 32% involved hanging. Limitations: This study was based on a subset of a larger dataset not specifically designed for DSH data collection and assesses the subset of the communities that presented to the primary health-care centers. Conclusion: A dedicated DSH monitoring study is required to provide a better understanding of DSH in these communities and to inform early intervention strategies.

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