scholarly journals The Future of Clinical Islet Transplantation in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F Knoll ◽  
Carmela A Knoll ◽  
Rita Bottino ◽  
Massimo Trucco ◽  
Suzanne Bertera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Islet Transplantation ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Islet Transplantation ◽  
The World

Clinical islet transplantation was first realized over four decades ago at the University of Minnesota. Autologous islet transplantation is now widely recognized as a treatment to prevent diabetes in patients after pancreas excision and is offered at major transplant centers throughout the United States and the world. Type 1 diabetes represents a much larger demographic in which islet transplantation may benefit patients. Allogeneic islet transplantation can now offer similar outcomes to pancreas transplantation in a subset of patients with labile type 1 diabetes with less risk than whole organ transplantation. It is recognized as a standard of care in nations around the world but not in the United States, despite the important developmental role US scientists and physicians have played. Early reports of islet transplantation focused on insulin independence that proved to diminish over time. However, regardless of insulin status, islet transplantation provides benefits ranging from improved quality of life to reduction in diabetic complications. A National Institutes of Health sponsored multi-center Phase 3 Clinical Trial (CIT-07) demonstrated safety and efficacy, although the Food and Drug Administration chose to consider islets as a biologic that requires licensure, which makes offering the procedure in the clinic very challenging. Until regulations can be brought into communion with international standards, allogeneic islet transplantation in the United States is unlikely to match international levels of success and once promising programs are left to wither on the vine. Food and Drug Administration approval would open the door for third party medical reimbursement and allow many patients the opportunity to enjoy better health and quality of life. Establishment of clinical islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes would lead to optimizations in procedures making it more efficacious and cost effective while offering support for ongoing islet xenotransplantation studies that could bring islet transplantation to even more patients.

scholarly journals Effects of Social Determinants of Health in Progression to Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Folabi Ariganjoye ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
The World ◽  
Longitudinal Association

The prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes in the United States and around the world has increased faster than expected in the last 30 years. The economic burden this costs a nation can be astronomic both in terms of expense and loss in productivity. One-third of U.S. adults, 86 million people, have prediabetes. Effective management is needed that can reach these 86 million, and others at high risk, to reduce their progression to diagnosed Type 2 diabetes. After the literature review, there was not enough literature to support how these led to the progression to diabetes. The abundant literature is centered on how to prevent complications and improve the quality of life of those living with type 2 diabetes. This paper will focus on the longitudinal association between these social determinants and how they may predispose to the progression to Type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Improved Health-Related Quality of Life in a Phase 3 Islet Transplantation Trial in Type 1 Diabetes Complicated by Severe Hypoglycemia

Diabetes Care ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1001-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Foster ◽  
Nancy D. Bridges ◽  
Irene D. Feurer ◽  
Thomas L. Eggerman ◽  
Lawrence G. Hunsicker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Islet Transplantation ◽  
Severe Hypoglycemia ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

MyT1DHero, an mHealth-Based Intervention, For Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and Their Parents: A Pilot Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bree E Holtz ◽  
Katharine M Mitchen ◽  
Amanda J Holmstrom ◽  
Shelia R Cotten ◽  
Julie K Dunneback ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
The Stability

BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes (T1D) impacts more than 165,000 individuals under the age of 20 in the United States. The transition from parent management to parent-child team management, with the child taking on increased levels of self-care, can be stressful and is associated with a deterioration in self-management behaviors. A mobile app intervention, MyT1DHero was designed to facilitate diabetes specific positive parent-adolescent communication. OBJECTIVE To conduct a pilot test to determine the efficacy of the MyT1DHero app intervention. METHODS This pilot study included 30 adolescent-parent pairs in a 12-week single arm clinical trial. RESULTS The final analysis included 25 families. The mean age of the adolescents was 12.281.62 years old. Half of the participants reported a diagnosis of fewer than five years. After 12-weeks, diabetes adherence significantly improved (P=.02) as did quality of life (P=0.01). HbA1c level (P=.51) and family conflict (P=0.14) changed in the hypothesized direction, but the change was not significant. However, higher use of the mobile app was associated with more improvement in HbA1c, (F(1, 20)=9.74, P<.01, R2=.33). Overall, the adolescents were satisfied with app intervention. CONCLUSIONS In a 12-week pilot study of the mobile app intervention designed to facilitate parent-adolescent communication, significant benefits were demonstrated in adherence and quality of life. A randomized controlled trial with a longer intervention is needed to replicate these findings and determine the stability of intervention effects. CLINICALTRIAL NCT03436628

scholarly journals Level and quality of life in the context of the world economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
Vera Shumilina ◽  
Aleksandra Lermontova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The article considers such concepts as the level and quality of life, Describes the concept of the standard of living developed by the UN. The analysis is based on the rating of the level of countries compiled by the Legatum Institute. The influence of economic development of States on the standard of living of citizens is considered. A comparative characteristic of the standard of living in Russia and the United States is carried out, their similarities and differences in the criteria that determine the quality of life are revealed.

scholarly journals An English-Spanish glossary for the study of the artificial pancreas in medical translation

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 212-222
Author(s):  
Belen Jiménez Garro
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Artificial Pancreas ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Technical Translation ◽  
Medical Translation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

Type 1 diabetes is a malady that affects millions of people around the world. The latest scientific and technological advancements have designed a device that aims at improving patient’s quality of life: the artificial pancreas enables them to control and manage this illness in a more automated and efficient way. Nevertheless, as a consequence of the influence of English worldwide and, in particular, in the field of science, the information available in Spanish is scarce, which also limits the dissemination of knowledge to a wider public. In the field of scientific and technical translation terminological units play a pivotal role, since they concentrate a huge part of the knowledge regarding the subject topic. However, these units are not free from synonyms and univocity is not their characteristic, which may lead to confusion. Therefore, the standardization of terms is essential so as to elaborate an adequate translation that will serve to spread knowledge, as well as to facilitate communication among experts. The present work seeks to develop a glossary of terms in English and Spanish related to the artificial pancreas that could be of great use for diverse profiles: translators, experts, patients, and people interested in the topic.

A Review of Studies of the Association of Vision-Related Quality of Life with Measures of Visual Function and Structure in Patients with Glaucoma in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-276
Author(s):  
Naira Khachatryan ◽  
Maxwell Pistilli ◽  
Maureen G. Maguire ◽  
Angela Y. Chang ◽  
Marissa R. Samuels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
The United States ◽  
Related Quality

What is Happening in the United States? How Social Classes Influence the Political Life of the Country and its Health and Quality of Life

2021 ◽  
pp. 002073142199484
Author(s):  
Vicente Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Race And Gender

This article analyses the political changes that have been occurring in the United States (including the elections for the presidency of the country) and their consequences for the health and quality of life of the population. A major thesis of this article is that there is a need to analyse, besides race and gender, other categories of power - such as social class - in order to understand what happens in the country. While the class structure of the United States is similar to that of major Western European countries, the political context is very different. The U.S. political context has resulted in the very limited power of its working class, which explains the scarcity of labor, political and social rights in the country, such as universal access to health care.

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