scholarly journals Web-Based Cognitive Bias Modification Interventions for Psychiatric Disorders: Scoping Review (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvyn Zhang ◽  
Jiangbo Ying ◽  
Guo Song ◽  
Daniel S S Fung ◽  
Helen Smith
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Cognitive Bias Modification ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Bias Modification

BACKGROUND Cognitive biases refer to automatic attentional or interpretational tendencies, which result in individuals with addictive disorders to automatically attend to substance-related stimuli and those with anxiety disorders to attend to threatening stimuli. To date, several studies have examined the efficacy of cognitive bias modification, and meta-analytical studies have synthesized the evidence for overall efficacy. The clinical utility of cognitive bias modification interventions has previously been limited to the confines of a laboratory, but recent advances in Web technologies can change this. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aimed to determine the scope of Web-based cognitive bias interventions and highlight their effectiveness. METHODS Databases (PubMed and MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Central) were searched from inception to December 5, 2017. The following search terminologies were used: (“attention bias” OR “cognitive bias” OR “approach bias” OR “avoidance bias” OR “interpretative bias”) AND (“Internet” OR “Web” OR “Online”). The methods for this scoping review are based on the previously published protocol. For the synthesis of the evidence, a narrative synthesis was undertaken, as a meta-analysis was not appropriate, given the lack of reported effect sizes and the heterogeneity in the outcomes reported. RESULTS Of the 2674 unique articles identified, we identified 22 randomized controlled studies that met our inclusion criteria: alcohol use disorder (n=2), tobacco use disorder (n=2), depressive disorder (n=3), anxiety and depressive symptoms in adolescents (n=3), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD; n=2), social anxiety disorder (n=9), and anxiety disorder (n=1). The sample sizes of these studies ranged from 16 to 434 participants. There is preliminary evidence to suggest that Web-based interventions could reduce biases among adolescents with heightened symptoms of anxiety and depression and among individuals with OCD. CONCLUSIONS This is the first scoping review that mapped out the scope of cognitive bias modification interventions for psychiatric disorders. Web-based interventions have been applied predominantly for social anxiety and addictive disorders. Larger cohorts must be used in future studies to better determine the effectiveness of Web-based cognitive bias interventions.

scholarly journals Web-Based Cognitive Bias Modification Interventions for Psychiatric Disorders: Scoping Review

10.2196/11841 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. e11841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvyn Zhang ◽  
Jiangbo Ying ◽  
Guo Song ◽  
Daniel S S Fung ◽  
Helen Smith
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Cognitive Bias Modification ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Bias Modification

Background Cognitive biases refer to automatic attentional or interpretational tendencies, which result in individuals with addictive disorders to automatically attend to substance-related stimuli and those with anxiety disorders to attend to threatening stimuli. To date, several studies have examined the efficacy of cognitive bias modification, and meta-analytical studies have synthesized the evidence for overall efficacy. The clinical utility of cognitive bias modification interventions has previously been limited to the confines of a laboratory, but recent advances in Web technologies can change this. Objective This scoping review aimed to determine the scope of Web-based cognitive bias interventions and highlight their effectiveness. Methods Databases (PubMed and MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Central) were searched from inception to December 5, 2017. The following search terminologies were used: (“attention bias” OR “cognitive bias” OR “approach bias” OR “avoidance bias” OR “interpretative bias”) AND (“Internet” OR “Web” OR “Online”). The methods for this scoping review are based on the previously published protocol. For the synthesis of the evidence, a narrative synthesis was undertaken, as a meta-analysis was not appropriate, given the lack of reported effect sizes and the heterogeneity in the outcomes reported. Results Of the 2674 unique articles identified, we identified 22 randomized controlled studies that met our inclusion criteria: alcohol use disorder (n=2), tobacco use disorder (n=2), depressive disorder (n=3), anxiety and depressive symptoms in adolescents (n=3), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD; n=2), social anxiety disorder (n=9), and anxiety disorder (n=1). The sample sizes of these studies ranged from 16 to 434 participants. There is preliminary evidence to suggest that Web-based interventions could reduce biases among adolescents with heightened symptoms of anxiety and depression and among individuals with OCD. Conclusions This is the first scoping review that mapped out the scope of cognitive bias modification interventions for psychiatric disorders. Web-based interventions have been applied predominantly for social anxiety and addictive disorders. Larger cohorts must be used in future studies to better determine the effectiveness of Web-based cognitive bias interventions. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR1-10.2196/10427

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Web-based Cognitive Bias Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review Protocol (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvyn Zhang ◽  
Jiangbo Ying ◽  
Guo Song ◽  
Daniel SS Fung ◽  
Helen Smith
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Bias Modification ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Bias Modification

UNSTRUCTURED Background: Traditional psychological therapies focus mainly on modification of individuals’ conscious decision-making process. Unconscious processes such as cognitive biases have been found to be accountable for various psychiatric psychopathologies. The advances in technologies have transformed how bias modification programs are being delivered. Objective: We seek to synthesize the current evidence of web-based cognitive bias modification for psychiatric disorders, by identifying the range of conditions targeted and their current efficacy. We wish to determine if web-based attention bias modification is as efficacious as compared to conventional methods. Methods and analysis: A systematic review will be conducted, and all studies types will be included. There will not be any restrictions on the participants included in the study. A search will be conducted on the respective databases up till 2017. Selection of studies will be by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA-P) guidelines. Quality assessment of the included studies will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (for randomized trials) and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for other study designs. A narrative synthesises of the identified articles will be conducted. A meta-analysis will be considered, only if there are sufficient articles in a domain for statistical analysis. Ethical approval for the current protocol and the planned systematic review was not required. Results: Results synthesized would be disseminated using conference presentation or published works in peer-reviewed journals. Conclusions: This review is of importance given how technology transformed the delivery of conventional therapies. The findings from this review will provide guidance for future research involving technology and cognitive bias modification interventions. Registration details: International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) number 2017 CRD42017074754

scholarly journals Cognitive bias modification of interpretation in children with social anxiety disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith Orchard ◽  
Adela Apetroaia ◽  
Kiri Clarke ◽  
Cathy Creswell
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Cognitive Bias Modification ◽  
Bias Modification

scholarly journals A Scoping Review of Cognitive Bias in Internet Addiction and Internet Gaming Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris X.Y. Chia ◽  
Melvyn W.B. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Cognitive Bias Modification ◽  
Gaming Addiction ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Internet Gaming ◽  
Bias Modification

Internet addiction and Internet gaming disorders are increasingly prevalent. Whilst there has been much focus on the use of conventional psychological approaches in the treatment of individuals with these addictive disorders, there has also been ongoing research exploring the potential of cognitive bias modification amongst individuals with Internet and gaming addiction. Some studies have documented the presence of cognitive biases and the effectiveness of bias modification for Internet addiction and gaming disorders. However, there have not been any reviews that have synthesized the findings related to cognitive biases for Internet addiction and Internet gaming disorders. It is important for us to undertake a scoping review as an attempt to map out the literature for cognitive biases in Internet addiction and gaming disorders. A scoping review was undertaken, and articles were identified using a search through the following databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO. Six articles were identified. There were differences in the methods of ascertaining whether an individual has an underlying Internet or gaming addiction, as several different instruments have been used. With regards to the characteristics of the cognitive bias assessment task utilized, the most common task used was that of the Stroop task. Of the six identified studies, five have provided evidence documenting the presence of cognitive biases in these disorders. Only one study has examined cognitive bias modification and provided support for its effectiveness. Whilst several studies have provided preliminary findings documenting the presence of cognitive biases in these disorders, there remains a need for further research evaluating the effectiveness of bias modification, as well as the standardization of the diagnostic tools and the task paradigms used in the assessment.

scholarly journals Effects of cognitive bias modification on social anxiety: A meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. e0175107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haining Liu ◽  
Xianwen Li ◽  
Buxin Han ◽  
Xiaoqian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Bias Modification ◽  
Bias Modification

scholarly journals Cognitive bias modification for interpretation training via smartphones for social anxiety in Chinese undergraduates

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 204380871987527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiran Sun ◽  
Ranming Yang ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Jing Xiao ◽  
Chieh Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Cognitive Bias Modification ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Social Anxiety ◽  
Bias Modification ◽  
Chinese Undergraduates ◽  
Ambiguous Situations

To address the unmet need for treatment of social anxiety disorder in China, it is timely and relevant to identify more effective, accessible, economic, and easily disseminated interventions. The present study examined the effect of an eight-session program for cognitive bias modification for interpretation (CBM-I). Smartphones were used in the training of reducing interpretation bias and social anxiety of Chinese undergraduates with high social anxiety. In total, 38 participants were randomly assigned to either a CBM-I training group ( n = 19) or a control group ( n = 19). As a result, the CBM-I training group provided more positive interpretations in ambiguous situations and less social anxiety than the control group. Results indicate that CBM-I training via smartphones can effectively promote positive interpretations of ambiguous situations and relieve social anxiety. CBM-I via smartphones may have clinical utility when applied as a multisession intervention of social anxiety for Chinese undergraduates.

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