Public perceptions of diabetes, healthy living and conversational agents in Singapore: A needs assessment (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorainne Tudor Car ◽  
Dhakshenya Ardhithy Dhinagaran ◽  
Sathish Thirunavukkarasu ◽  
Tobias Kowatsch ◽  
Konstadina Griva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Conversational Agent ◽  
Conversational Agents ◽  
Healthy Living ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Digital Interventions

BACKGROUND The incidence of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes is on the rise in countries worldwide, including Singapore. Health professional-delivered healthy lifestyle interventions have been shown to prevent type 2 diabetes. Yet ongoing personalised guidance from health professionals is not feasible or affordable at the population level. Novel digital interventions delivered using mobile technology such as conversational agents are a potential alternative for delivery of healthy lifestyle change behavioural interventions to the public. OBJECTIVE We explored Singaporeans’ perceptions on and experience of healthy living, diabetes and mobile health interventions (apps and conversational agents). This survey was done to help inform the design and development of a conversational agent focusing on healthy lifestyle change. METHODS This qualitative study was conducted over Aug and Sept 2019. 20 participants were recruited from relevant healthy living Facebook pages and groups. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in person or over the telephone using an interview guide. Interviews were transcribed and analysed in parallel by two researchers using Burnard’s method, a structured approach for thematic content analysis. RESULTS The collected data was organised into four main themes: (1) use of conversational agents, (2) ubiquity of smartphone applications, (3) understanding of diabetes and (4) barriers and facilitators to a healthy living in Singapore. Most participants used health-related mobile applications as well as conversational agents unrelated to healthcare. They provided diverse suggestions for future conversational agent-delivered interventions. Participants also highlighted several knowledge gaps in relation to diabetes and healthy living. In terms of barriers to healthy living, frequent dining out, high stress levels, lack of work-life balance and dearth of free time to engage in physical activity were mentioned. In contrast, discipline, pre-planning and sticking to a routine were important for enabling a healthy lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS Participants in our study commonly used mobile health interventions and provided important insights into their knowledge gaps and needs in relation to healthy lifestyle behaviour change. Future digital interventions like conversational agents focusing on healthy lifestyle and diabetes prevention should aim to address the barriers highlighted in our study and motivate individuals to adopt habits for healthy living.

scholarly journals Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using Mobile Health Technology: Systematic Review of the Literature

10.2196/21159 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. e21159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Helen Buss ◽  
Stuart Leesong ◽  
Margo Barr ◽  
Marlien Varnfield ◽  
Mark Harris
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

Background Digital technology is an opportunity for public health interventions to reach a large part of the population. Objective This systematic literature review aimed to assess the effectiveness of mobile health–based interventions in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods We conducted the systematic search in 7 electronic databases using a predefined search strategy. We included articles published between inception of the databases and March 2019 if they reported on the effectiveness of an intervention for prevention of cardiovascular disease or type 2 diabetes via mobile technology. One researcher performed the search, study selection, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment. The steps were validated by the other members of the research team Results The search yielded 941 articles for cardiovascular disease, of which 3 met the inclusion criteria, and 732 for type 2 diabetes, of which 6 met the inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the studies was low, with the main issue being nonblinding of participants. Of the selected studies, 4 used SMS text messaging, 1 used WhatsApp, and the remaining ones used specific smartphone apps. Weight loss and reduction in BMI were the most reported successful outcomes (reported in 4 studies). Conclusions Evidence on the effectiveness of mobile health-based interventions in reducing the risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes is low due to the quality of the studies and the small effects that were measured. This highlights the need for further high-quality research to investigate the potential of mobile health interventions. Trial Registration International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42019135405; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=135405

scholarly journals Smartphone applications in the prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a protocol for a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esrat Jahan ◽  
Rawan Almansour ◽  
Kiran Ijaz ◽  
Rimante Ronto ◽  
Liliana Laranjo
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Mobile Health Applications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health Applications

Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of concern among non-communicable diseases worldwide, with its prevalence increasing every day. Studies have shown that it is possible to prevent type 2 diabetes in high risk people if they adopt a healthy lifestyle, such as exercising regularly, eating nutritious food and maintaining an ideal weight. Mobile apps may aid these people in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Till date, no systematic review has evaluated the use of mobile health applications for the prevention of type 2 diabetes. In this systematic review protocol we will lay out the methods we will use to synthesise the evidence about mobile health applications for the prevention of type 2 diabetes, focusing particularly on their impact on different process and outcome measures, as well as on patient perspectives. Database searches will be done in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and PsychInfo. Screening of the articles will be conducted by two independent researchers. The Cochrane risk of bias tool will be used for quality assessment. A narrative synthesis of the included articles will be done and the results summarised. The findings of this review will provide evidence on the impact of mobile applications in preventing Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using Mobile Health Technology: Systematic Review of the Literature (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Helen Buss ◽  
Stuart Leesong ◽  
Margo Barr ◽  
Marlien Varnfield ◽  
Mark Harris
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

BACKGROUND Digital technology is an opportunity for public health interventions to reach a large part of the population. OBJECTIVE This systematic literature review aimed to assess the effectiveness of mobile health–based interventions in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS We conducted the systematic search in 7 electronic databases using a predefined search strategy. We included articles published between inception of the databases and March 2019 if they reported on the effectiveness of an intervention for prevention of cardiovascular disease or type 2 diabetes via mobile technology. One researcher performed the search, study selection, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment. The steps were validated by the other members of the research team RESULTS The search yielded 941 articles for cardiovascular disease, of which 3 met the inclusion criteria, and 732 for type 2 diabetes, of which 6 met the inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the studies was low, with the main issue being nonblinding of participants. Of the selected studies, 4 used SMS text messaging, 1 used WhatsApp, and the remaining ones used specific smartphone apps. Weight loss and reduction in BMI were the most reported successful outcomes (reported in 4 studies). CONCLUSIONS Evidence on the effectiveness of mobile health-based interventions in reducing the risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes is low due to the quality of the studies and the small effects that were measured. This highlights the need for further high-quality research to investigate the potential of mobile health interventions. CLINICALTRIAL International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42019135405; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=135405

Association of a Healthy Lifestyle With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Study in UK Biobank

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Han ◽  
Yaying Cao ◽  
Chengwu Feng ◽  
Yan Zheng ◽  
Klodian Dhana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Digestive Disease ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality

<a>Objective: </a><a></a><a></a><a></a><a></a><a>To evaluate the association of a healthy lifestyle, involving seven low-risk factors mentioned in diabetes management guidelines (no current smoking, moderate alcohol consumption, regular physical activity, healthy diet, less sedentary behavior, adequate sleep duration, and appropriate social connection), with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with type 2 diabetes.</a> <p>Research Design and Methods: This study included 13,366 participants with baseline type 2 diabetes from the UK Biobank free of CVD or cancer. Lifestyle information was collected through a baseline questionnaire.</p> <p><a>Results: During a median follow-up of 11.7 years, 1,561 deaths were documented, with 625 from cancer, 370 from CVD, 115 from respiratory disease, 81 from digestive disease, and 74 from neurodegenerative disease.</a><a> In multivariate-adjusted model, each lifestyle factor was significantly associated with all-cause mortality and hazard ratios (95% CIs) associated with the lifestyle score (scoring 6-7 vs. 0-2 unless specified) were 0.42 (0.34, 0.52) for all-cause mortality, 0.57 (0.41, 0.80) for cancer mortality, 0.35 (0.22, 0.56) for CVD mortality, 0.26 (0.10, 0.63) for respiratory mortality, and 0.28 (0.14, 0.53) for digestive mortality (scoring 5-7 vs. 0-2). In the population-attributable-risk analysis, 27.1% (95% CI: 16.1, 38.0%) death was attributable to a poor lifestyle (scoring 0-5). </a><a>The association between a healthy lifestyle and all-cause mortality was consistent, irrespective of factors reflecting diabetes severity (diabetes duration, glycemic control, diabetes-related microvascular disease, and diabetes medication)</a>.</p> <p>Conclusions: <a></a><a></a>A healthy lifestyle was associated with a lower risk of mortality due to all-cause, CVD, cancer, respiratory disease, and digestive disease among individuals with type 2 diabetes. <b></b></p>

scholarly journals Efektivitas Mobile Health Intervention Terhadap Manajemen Diri Dan Kontrol Glikemik Pada Pasien Dengan Diabtes Melitus Tipe 2: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Wahyu Sukma Samudera ◽  
Novita Fajriyah ◽  
Ida Trisnawati
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus was one of non-communicable diseases that increased of prevalence in word wide, included in Indonesia. Utilization of technology as an effort of increase of diabetes treatment is important for achieving of optimum glycemic control and to prevent of complication of diabetes mellitus. However, intervention for self management in patients with diabetes mellitus at this time still not using technology based mobile health intervention. Purpose: This study aims to verify of effectiveness of mobile health intervention on self management and glycemic control in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method: Design of this studies was used systematic review of randomized controlled trial with PRISMA approach. Article search was carried out through databases: Scopus, Science Direct, and ProQuest with randomized controlled trial design within last 10 years. Results: The finding showed 407 articles have been obtained. Articles selection process were through few steps: topic selection, full text selection, design of studies and obtained 10 articles have been as appropriate of inclusion criteria. Based on results of finding of 10 articles were showed that mobile health intervention was effective in improving of glycemic control by decreasing hbA1c, fasting blood glucose, 2 hours post pandrial. Furthermore, mobile health intervention was effective in increasing of self management in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus and increased adherence of diabetes medication. Moreover, mobile health intervention can also improve of insulin level and lipid profile in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Mobile health intervention was effective in improving of glycemic control and self management, and giving of facilitate communication between patient and health providers Keywords: mobile health application; self management; glycemic control; diabetes mellitus ABSTRAK Latar belakang: diabetes melitus (DM) tipe 2 merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang mengalami peningkatan angka kejadian di dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Penggunaan teknologi sebagai upaya meningkatkan manajemen diabetes melitus sangatlah penting untuk dilakukan guna mencapai kontrol glikemik optimal dan mencegah komplikasi dari Diabetes Melitus. Namun, manajemen diri pada sebagian besar pasien Diabetes Melitus saat ini masih belum menggunakan bantuan teknologi berbasis mobile health. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memverifikasi efektivitas dari penggunaan mobile health intervention terhadap manajemen diri dan kontrol glikemik pasien dengan diabetes melitus tipe 2. Metode: desain dalam penelitian ini adalah systematic review dengan menggunakan pendekatan PRISMA. Pencarian artikel dilakukan pada beberapa database yang meliputi: Scopus, Science Direct dan ProQuest dengan desain Randomized controlled trial dalam 10 tahun terakhir. Hasil: hasil temuan didapatkan sejumlah 407 artikel penelitian. Proses seleksi artikel dilakukan beberapa tahap meliputi: seleksi topik, fullteks, desain artikel penelitian dan didapatkan 10 artikel penelitian yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Berdasarkan hasil temuan dari 10 artikel penelitian yang digunakan, menunjukkan bahwa mobile health intervention efektif dalam memperbaiki kontrol glikemik pasien diabetes melalui penurunan kadar hbA1c, gula darah puasa, 2 jam post pandrial. Selanjutnya, mobile health intervention efektif dalam meningkatkan manajemen diri pasien diabetes dan meningkatkan kepatuhan pengobatan. Selain itu, mobile health intervention juga dapat memperbaiki level insulin dan profil lipid pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Kesimpulan: Mobile health intervention efektif dalam memperbaiki kontrol glikemik dan meningkatkan manajemen diri pasien diabetes melitus serta memudahkan komunikasi antara pasien dengan tenaga kesehatan Kata kunci: mobile health application; manajemen diri; kontrol glikemik; diabetes melitus

scholarly journals User Experience and Potential Health Effects of a Conversational Agent-Based Electronic Health Intervention: Protocol for an Observational Cohort Study

10.2196/16641 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e16641
Author(s):  
Marian Z M Hurmuz ◽  
Stephanie M Jansen-Kosterink ◽  
Harm op den Akker ◽  
Hermie J Hermens
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Observational Cohort

Background While the average human life expectancy has increased remarkably, the length of life with chronic conditions has also increased. To limit the occurrence of chronic conditions and comorbidities, it is important to adopt a healthy lifestyle. Within the European project “Council of Coaches,” a personalized coaching platform was developed that supports developing and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Objective The primary aim of this study is to assess the user experience with and the use and potential health effects of a fully working Council of Coaches system implemented in a real-world setting among the target population, specifically older adults or adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus or chronic pain. Methods An observational cohort study with a pretest-posttest design will be conducted. The study population will be a dynamic cohort consisting of older adults, aged ≥55 years, as well as adults aged ≥18 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus or chronic pain. Each participant will interact in a fully automated manner with Council of Coaches for 5 to 9 weeks. The primary outcomes are user experience, use of the program, and potential effects (health-related factors). Secondary outcomes include demographics, applicability of the virtual coaches, and user interaction with the virtual coaches. Results Recruitment started in December 2019 and is conducted through mass mailing, snowball sampling, and advertisements in newspapers and social media. This study is expected to conclude in August 2020. Conclusions The results of this study will either confirm or reject the hypothesis that a group of virtual embodied conversational coaches can keep users engaged over several weeks of interaction and contribute to positive health outcomes. Trial Registration The Netherlands Trial Register: NL7911; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/7911 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/16641

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