Psychometric evaluation of a Fear of COVID-19 scale in China (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmond PH CHOI ◽  
Wenjie Duan ◽  
Daniel YT Fong ◽  
Kris YW Lok ◽  
Mandy Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Group Validity ◽  
Internal Construct Validity ◽  
Study Participants

BACKGROUND At the very beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, information about fear of COVID-19 was very limited in Chinese populations and there was no standardised and validated scale to measure the fear associated with the pandemic. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study aimed to adapt and validate a fear scale to determine the levels of fear of COVID-19 among the general population in mainland China and Hong Kong. METHODS An online questionnaire platform was developed for data collection; the study instruments were an adapted version of the eight-item Breast Cancer Fear Scale (‘the Fear Scale’) and the four-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4). The internal construct validity, concurrent validity, known-group validity, and reliability of the adapted Fear Scale were assessed, and descriptive statistics were used to summarise the participants’ fear levels. RESULTS A total of 2,822 study participants aged 18 or older were included in the analysis. The reliability of the adapted scale was satisfactory, with a Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.93.The item-total correlations corrected for overlap were >0.4, confirming its internal construct validity. Regarding concurrent validity, a small to moderate correlation between the Fear Scale and the PHQ-4 scores was found. Regarding known-group validity, we found that study participants who were recruited from Hong Kong had a higher level of fear than the study participants from mainland China. Older adults had a higher level of fear than the younger adults. Study participants who were separated/divorced/widowed had a higher level of fear than those who were single or married. Furthermore, having hypertension, liver diseases, heart diseases, cancer, anxiety and insomnia were associated with a higher fear level. The descriptive analysis found that more than 40% of the study participants reported that the thought of COVID-19 scared them. About one-third of the study participants reported that when they thought about COVID-19, they felt nervous, uneasy and depressed. CONCLUSIONS To conclude, the adapted Fear Scale is a valid and reliable scale for measuring the fear of COVID-19 among Chinese people. Our study stresses the need for more psychosocial support and care to help this population cope with their fears during the pandemic.

Psychometric evaluation of a Fear of COVID-19 scale in China (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmond PH CHOI ◽  
Wenjie Duan ◽  
Daniel YT Fong ◽  
Kris YW LOK ◽  
Mandy Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Group Validity ◽  
Internal Construct Validity ◽  
Study Participants

BACKGROUND At the very beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, information about fear of COVID-19 was very limited in Chinese populations and there was no standardised and validated scale to measure the fear associated with the pandemic. OBJECTIVE Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to adapt and validate a fear scale to determine the levels of fear of COVID-19 among the general population in mainland China and Hong Kong. METHODS An online questionnaire platform was developed for data collection; the study instruments were an adapted version of the eight-item Breast Cancer Fear Scale (‘the Fear Scale’) and the four-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4). The internal construct validity, concurrent validity, known-group validity, and reliability of the adapted Fear Scale were assessed, and descriptive statistics were used to summarise the participants’ fear levels. RESULTS A total of 2,822 study participants aged 18 or older were included in the analysis. The reliability of the adapted scale was satisfactory, with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.93. The item-total correlations corrected for overlap were >0.4, confirming its internal construct validity. Regarding concurrent validity, a small to moderate correlation between the Fear Scale and the PHQ-4 scores was found. Regarding known-group validity, we found that study participants who were recruited from Hong Kong had a higher level of fear than the study participants from mainland China. Older adults had a higher level of fear than the younger adults. Study participants who were separated/divorced/widowed had a higher level of fear than those who were single or married. Furthermore, having hypertension, liver diseases, heart diseases, cancer, anxiety and insomnia were associated with a higher fear level. The descriptive analysis found that more than 40% of the study participants reported that the thought of COVID-19 scared them. About one-third of the study participants reported that when they thought about COVID-19, they felt nervous, uneasy and depressed. CONCLUSIONS To conclude, the adapted Fear Scale is a valid and reliable scale for measuring the fear of COVID-19 among Chinese people. Our study stresses the need for more psychosocial support and care to help this population cope with their fears during the pandemic.

Validity, reliability and viability of pre-school educators’ use of early years toolbox early numeracy

2021 ◽  
pp. 183693912110611
Author(s):  
Steven J Howard ◽  
Cathrine Neilsen-Hewett ◽  
Marc de Rosnay ◽  
Edward C Melhuish ◽  
Kellie Buckley-Walker
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Early Numeracy ◽  
Potential Approach ◽  
Preschool Educators ◽  
Learning Development ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

There is need and opportunity for assessments that support quick and playful – yet also accurate, rigorous and developmentally sensitive – appraisals of early numeracy. Ideally, these should be accessible to those who have opportunity to support children’s learning development and ultimately shift children’s trajectories. The iPad-based Early Years Toolbox (EYT) Early Numeracy assessment was developed and evaluated to determine its validity and reliability, and appropriateness of use by researchers and preschool educators. Results from two studies with 246 children aged 3–5 years indicated the following: construct validity and internal consistency, concurrent validity with established measures, developmental sensitivity, test–retest reliability and highly comparable results whether used by a researcher or an educator. This yields a brief and playful assessment of early numeracy and a potential approach to develop broad-use early years assessments.

scholarly journals Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Won Han ◽  
Ji-Soon Kang ◽  
Hanna Lee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Korean Version ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

The purpose of this study was to translate the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire, a semi-quantitative tool that asks participants about time spent on 32 activities, into Korean and verify its validity and reliability. In total, 363 pregnant women under prenatal care at an obstetrics and gynecology hospital and a postpartum care facility in Gyeonggi-do completed the Korean version of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire. The questionnaire’s content validity, construct validity, concurrent validity, and reliability were verified. After verifying the validity of the contents of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire, all the questions were included in the Korean version. For construct validity, we divided the participants into primipara and multipara groups based on their delivery history. On comparison of the two groups’ physical activity based on the responses to the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire, there was a statistically significant difference in the total activity (t = −4.56, p < 0.001) and the total activity (light activity or more) (t = −5.80, p < 0.001). The correlation between the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire was tested to establish concurrent validity, and a significant correlation was found between all items except for vigorous physical activity. The Guttmann reliability coefficient by the odd-even method was 84. The Korean version of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire is a suitable tool to measure the physical activity of pregnant women and can be used in clinical practice.

scholarly journals The use of the Multidimensional Condom Attitude Scale in Chinese young adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmond Pui Hang Choi ◽  
Daniel Yee Tak Fong ◽  
Janet Yuen Ha Wong
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internal Construct Validity

Abstract Background Attitude towards condom use is an important predictor of consistent condom use. However, this topic is an understudied area in Chinese populations, and no validated Chinese instrument is available to capture condom attitude. To fill this research gap, the present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Multidimensional Condom Attitudes Scale (MCAS) and assessed the attitudes towards condom use amongst Chinese adults aged 18–29 years old. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a total of 500 people aged 18–29 years old were randomly recruited in Hong Kong. The primary outcome was the attitude towards condom use as measured by the UCLA MCAS. Factor structure, internal construct validity, known-group validity and internal consistency were assessed. Results Instead of the five-factor structure designed by the original developers of the MCAS questionnaire, this study proposed a novel six-factor scale: (1) Reliability and Effectiveness, (2) Excitement, (3) Displeasure, (4) Identity Stigma, (5) Embarrassment about Negotiation and (6) Embarrassment about Purchase. The internal construct validity and reliability of the new scale were high. The revised MCAS could differentiate between subgroups, including gender, sexual orientation and sexual experience. In terms of attitudes, over 40% of the participants believed that condoms are not reliable, though the vast majority of the sample did not perceive any stigma related to condom use. In addition, more than half (55.4%) of the respondents felt embarrassed to be seen when buying condoms while a quarter (25.8%) felt uncomfortable buying condoms at all. Conclusions Overall, the psychometric analysis found that attitude to condom use is culturally specific. The study also highlighted the need for more public health campaigns and interventions to help people cope with the embarrassment of purchasing condoms.

Validity and Reliability of the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence for Young Greek Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (s2) ◽  
pp. S239-S251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fotini Venetsanou ◽  
Irene Kossyva ◽  
Nadia Valentini ◽  
Anastasia-Evangelia Afthentopoulou ◽  
Lisa Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Perceived Competence ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Physical Competence

This study aimed to adapt the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence for Young Children (PMSC) in Greek and assess its reliability and face, construct, and concurrent validity in 5- to 9-year-old Greek children. Face validity was conducted with 20 children, whereas a larger sample (N = 227) was used to examine construct validity. Two subsamples (n = 38; n = 142) were used to investigate test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the Greek version of the PMSC (PMSC-GR) with the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children (PSPCSA) and the physical competence subscale (PCS), respectively. The panel of experts confirmed the clarity and concept integrity of the PMSC-GR. Temporal stability was confirmed for PMSC-GR total score and both Locomotor (LOC; ICC = .80; 95% CI, .62–.89) and Object Control (OC; ICC = .91; 95% CI, .82–.95) subscales. Appropriate internal consistency was found for the total score as well as for the LOC and OC scores (polychoric correlations: PMSC-GR, .80; LOC, .60; OC, .76). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the construct validity of a one-factor and two-factor model. Scores of the PMSC and the PSPCSA-PCS were correlated to a low level. The PMSC-GR is valid and reliable for Greek children and appears to measure a different construct to general physical perceived competence.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the spiritual care competency scale in nursing practice: a methodological study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e030497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanli Hu ◽  
René Van Leeuwen ◽  
Fan Li
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Spiritual Care ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Component Structure ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha

ObjectivesTo determine the validity and reliability of the Spiritual Care Competency Scale (SCCS) among nurses in China.DesignMethodological research.MethodsAfter the SCCS was translated into Chinese, the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the SCCS (C-SCCS) were evaluated using a convenience sample of 800 nurses recruited from different healthcare centres. The construct validity of the C-SCCS was determined by an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with promax rotation. Pearson’s correlation coefficients of the C-SCCS and the Palliative Care Spiritual Care Competency Scale (PCSCCS-M) were computed to assess the concurrent validity and construct validity of the C-SCCS. To verify the quality of the component structure, we conducted a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We tested the internal consistency and stability of the measure using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and the Guttman split-half coefficient, respectively, and a factorial analysis was performed.ResultsA total of 709 participants completed the questionnaire (response rate: 88.63%), and all completed questionnaires were suitable for analysis. Three factors were abstracted from the EFA and explained 58.19% of the total variance. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the three subscales were .93, .92, and .89, and the Guttman split-half coefficient for the C-SCCS was .84. The CFA indicated a well-fitting model, and the significant correlations between the C-SCCS and the PCSCCS-M (r=0.67, p<0.01) showed adequate concurrent validity. Nurses’ education and income level showed a significant association with the C-SCCS score.ConclusionThe C-SCCS was shown to be a psychometrically sound instrument for evaluating Chinese nurses’ spiritual care competencies.

scholarly journals The Study of Reliability and Validity of the Affective Style Questionnaire in Emerging Adulthood

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
fatma selda öz soysal
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Affective Style ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Faculty Of Education ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

The Affective Style Questionnaire was developed by Hofmann ve Kashdan (2010) to determine the affective styles of individuals. The purpose of this study is to adapt “The Affective Style Questionnaire” in Turkish culture and to perform a validity and reliability study on a sample consisting of university students who are in appearing adulthood period in Turkey. The study group consisted of 343 (192 female and 151 male) students attending to various departments of the Faculty of Education at Dokuz Eylül University. The validity of the questionnaire was determined by construct validity, concurrent validity and language validity studies. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test construct validity. The original three-factor structure of the questionnaire has been verified. As a result of concurrent validity it was found a positive and significant correlation between the scores of The Affective Style Questionnaire and The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Similary, in the language validity study, a positive and significant correlation was obtained between two applications. In addition, the internal consistency and test-retest reliability coefficients supported the reliability of the questionnaire. The results show that “The Affective Style Questionnaire” will be used as a valid and reliable measurement tool.

scholarly journals Interactive Assessments of CT (IACT): Digital Interactive Logic Puzzles to Assess Computational Thinking in Grades 3–8

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-73
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Rowe ◽  
Jodi Asbell-Clarke ◽  
Ma. Victoria Almeda ◽  
Santiago Gasca ◽  
Teon Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Validation Studies ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Moderate Evidence ◽  
Large Scale Study ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background and Context: The Inclusive Assessment of Computational Thinking (CT) designed for accessibility and learner variability was studied in over 50 classes in US schools (grades 3-8). Objective: The validation studies of IACT sampled thousands of students to establish IACT’s construct and concurrent validity as well as test-retest reliability. Method: IACT items for each CT practice were correlated to examine construct validity. The CT pre-measures were correlated with post-measures to examine test-retest reliability. The CT post-measures were correlated with external measures to examine concurrent validity. Findings: IACT studies showed moderate evidence of test-retest reliability and concurrent validity and low to moderate evidence of construct validity for an aggregated measure of CT, but weaker validity and reliability evidence for individual CT practices. These findings were similar for students with and without IEPs or 504s. Implications: IACT is the first CT tool for grades 3-8 that has been validated in a large-scale study among students with and without IEPs or 504s. While improvements are needed for stronger validity, it is a promising start.

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