Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the spiritual care competency scale in nursing practice: a methodological study

ObjectivesTo determine the validity and reliability of the Spiritual Care Competency Scale (SCCS) among nurses in China.DesignMethodological research.MethodsAfter the SCCS was translated into Chinese, the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the SCCS (C-SCCS) were evaluated using a convenience sample of 800 nurses recruited from different healthcare centres. The construct validity of the C-SCCS was determined by an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with promax rotation. Pearson’s correlation coefficients of the C-SCCS and the Palliative Care Spiritual Care Competency Scale (PCSCCS-M) were computed to assess the concurrent validity and construct validity of the C-SCCS. To verify the quality of the component structure, we conducted a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We tested the internal consistency and stability of the measure using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and the Guttman split-half coefficient, respectively, and a factorial analysis was performed.ResultsA total of 709 participants completed the questionnaire (response rate: 88.63%), and all completed questionnaires were suitable for analysis. Three factors were abstracted from the EFA and explained 58.19% of the total variance. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the three subscales were .93, .92, and .89, and the Guttman split-half coefficient for the C-SCCS was .84. The CFA indicated a well-fitting model, and the significant correlations between the C-SCCS and the PCSCCS-M (r=0.67, p<0.01) showed adequate concurrent validity. Nurses’ education and income level showed a significant association with the C-SCCS score.ConclusionThe C-SCCS was shown to be a psychometrically sound instrument for evaluating Chinese nurses’ spiritual care competencies.

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Development and validation of an instrument to evaluate medical students' lifestyle

Medwave ◽

10.5867/medwave.2021.07.8434 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (07) ◽

pp. e8434-e8434

Author(s):

Jhony de la Cruz Vargas ◽

Daniel Orejón ◽

Luis Roldan ◽

Lucy Correa-López ◽

Alonso Soto

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Medical Students ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Health Science ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cronbach’S Alpha ◽

Cronbach's Alpha ◽

Sphericity Test ◽

Final Questionnaire ◽

The Impact

Introduction It is required to have validated instruments in health science students that identify unhealthy habits and assess the impact of educational interventions and programs aimed at promoting a healthy lifestyle. Objective To evaluate the validity and reliability of an instrument to measure medical students' lifestyles. Methods A lifestyle questionnaire was developed using the Delphi technique by a group of experts. The final questionnaire was applied to 332 students of the School of Medicine of the Ricardo Palma University in 2017. A preliminary examination was carried out to assess preconditions for construct validity—including the correlation matrix, the Kaiser Meyer Olkin statistic, and the Bartlett sphericity test. Factor analysis was used for construct validity, and the possible resulting factors were extracted through the principal component analysis. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to assess the instrument reliability. Results In this study, 41.6% of participants were men with a mean age of 20 years (standard deviation = 3). The preconditions for the factor analysis were a Kaiser Meyer Olkin coefficient = 0.773 and a significant Bartlett sphericity test. For the 47 items of the final questionnaire, the factor analysis showed an explained variance of 56.7% with eigenvalues greater than one. Cronbach's alpha was 0.78. The final questionnaire could assume values between -23 to 151 points. Based on a cut point of 71 points, the prevalence of students with an unhealthy lifestyle was 73.6%. Conclusion The developed instrument has acceptable validity and reliability to measure lifestyle in medical students. For external validation, studies in other university populations are suggested.

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Validity and reliability of the Persian version of the nurse spiritual care therapeutics scale (NSCTS)

BMC Palliative Care ◽

10.1186/s12904-021-00750-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Merati-Fashi ◽

Behnam Khaledi-Paveh ◽

Hadis Mosafer ◽

Abbas Ebadi

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Spiritual Care ◽

Cognitive Interview ◽

Face Validity ◽

Spiritual Needs ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cronbach’S Alpha ◽

Cronbach's Alpha ◽

Persian Version ◽

Two Factors

Abstract Background Dealing with the spiritual needs of patients has been recognized as one of the principles of holistic care in nursing. Therefore, it is necessary for nurses to deal with the spiritual issues of patients. Also, a valid and reliable scale is needed to measure nurse-provided spiritual care. So the purpose of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the “Nurse Spiritual Care Therapeutics Scale” in Iranian nurses. Method In a methodological study, English version of the Nurse Spiritual Care Therapeutics Scale was translated into Persian by forward–backward translation procedure. Face validity was assessed by cognitive interview, and content validity was assessed by a panel of experts. In addition, construct validity was assessed by exploratory factor analysis. The participants were 188 nurses working in different adult wards. Reliability was measured using the Cronbach’s alpha and stability reliability was assessed using the internal correlation coefficient (ICC). Results In assessing the construct validity, two factors with eigenvalues greater than 1 were identified, which explained 58.47% of the total variance. Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.932, and ICC was 0.892. Conclusion As a result, the Persian version of the Nurse Spiritual Care Therapeutics Scale shows a good validity and reliability. Therefore, this scale can be used to evaluate spiritual care at the bedside in Iran.

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Translation and validation of caring behaviors inventory among nurses in Iran

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0254317 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. e0254317

Author(s):

Raziyeh Ghafouri ◽

Malihe Nasiri ◽

Foroozan Atashzadeh-Shoorideh ◽

Faraz Tayyar-Iravanlou ◽

Zahra Rahmaty

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Face Validity ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cronbach’S Alpha ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Caring Behaviors ◽

Cronbach's Alpha ◽

Two Factors

Background and objectives Nurses’ caring behaviors, professional activities, and behaviors for the benefit of patients, influence patients’ perception of care and satisfaction with the quality of care provided. Caring behaviors of nurses are contextual and various factors such as patients’ social structure, lifestyle, culture, and interests, as well as their biographical, social, and physiological characteristics, can influence perceptions of caring behaviors of nurses, as caring behaviors are an interactive and mental process between patients and nurses. This study was conducted to provide a transcultural translation and psychometric analysis of Caring Behaviors Inventory (CBI) among nurses in Iran. Methodology Transcultural translation of the 16-item CBI was performed. Then, face validity (qualitative), content validity (quantitative and qualitative), and construct validity were examined in a cross-sectional study of 509 patients. A demographic questionnaire and the 16-item CBI were sent to enrolled patients via online questionnaires. The reliability of the instrument was assessed by internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha. Then, construct validity of the single factor CBI was assessed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Since one factor CBI was not confirmed, construct validity was examined using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The final number of factors was confirmed using CFA. Results The internal consistency of the instrument was good with Cronbach’s alpha 0.89. Based on EFA, the CBI were loaded on two factors, eigenvalues >1, no item was removed. The emergent factors were named "Communicating respectfully" and "Professional knowledge and skill". These two factors explained 50.197% of the total variance. Then, CFA showed an acceptable fit for the two factors CBI. Conclusion The results showed that the Persian version of the 16-item CBI had adequate validity and reliability. Accordingly, this instrument can be used to study nurses’ caring behaviors.

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Psychometrics of Persian Version of the Ageism Survey Among an Iranian Older Adult Population During COVID-19 Pandemic

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.683291 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Hamid Sharif Nia ◽

Long She ◽

Ratneswary Rasiah ◽

Fatemeh Khoshnavay Fomani ◽

Omolhoda Kaveh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Older Adult ◽

Adult Population ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cronbach’S Alpha ◽

Cronbach's Alpha ◽

Persian Version ◽

Older Adult Population

Background: Studies have revealed an increase in discrimination, neglect, and abuse among the older adult population during this period. This study assessed the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the ageism survey instrument tested on a sample of the Iranian older adult population during coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. An important move in counteracting ageism is to classify the ageism scale comprehensively by employing adequate psychometrics.Methods: The Persian version of the ageism scale was developed using a two-step procedure. The first step involved translating and revising the original scale to develop a Persian version of the ageism scale. The second step involved assessing the psychometric features of the newly adapted scale using construct validity through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and thereafter assessing the reliability through the average inter-item correlation (AIC), Cronbach's alpha. The sample consisted of 400 older adults (age 65 and older), who were recruited through online data collection, with samples for EFA and CFA randomly selected from the total samples.Results: The Persian version of the ageism survey has three factors: age-related deprivation with five items, dignity with three items, and employment with three items; all of which explained 57.02% of the total variance. The outcome of the EFA was verified by the CFA, with internal consistency reliability being excellent (Cronbach's alpha was 0.725, 0.698, and 0.708 for the three factors).Conclusion: This study specifically offers a restructured three factors Persian version of the ageism survey for Iranian older adults with acceptable construct validity and reliability.

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Psychometric evaluation of the Moral Distress Scale–Revised among Iranian Nurses

Nursing Ethics ◽

10.1177/0969733016651129 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 1226-1242 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammad Ali Soleimani ◽

Saeed Pahlevan Sharif ◽

Ameneh Yaghoobzadeh ◽

Bianca Panarello

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Moral Distress ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cronbach’S Alpha ◽

Cronbach's Alpha ◽

Persian Version ◽

Fit Index ◽

Distress Scale

Background: Experiencing moral distress is traumatic for nurses. Ignoring moral distress can lead to job dissatisfaction, improper handling in the care of patients, or even leaving the job. Thus, it is crucial to use valid and reliable instruments to measure moral distress. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and the validity of the Persian version of the Moral Distress Scale–Revised among a sample of Iranian nurses. Research design: In this methodological study, 310 nurses were recruited from all hospitals affiliated with the Qazvin University of Medical Sciences from February 2014 to April 2015. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Moral Distress Scale–Revised. The construct validity of the Moral Distress Scale–Revised was evaluated using principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency reliability was assessed with Cronbach’s alpha. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the Regional Committee of Medical Research Ethics. The ethical principles of voluntary participation, anonymity, and confidentiality were considered. Findings: The construct validity of the scale showed four factors with eigenvalues greater than one. The model had a good fit ( χ2(162) = 307.561, χ2/ df = 1.899, goodness-of-fit index = .904, comparative fit index = .927, incremental fit index = .929, and root mean square error of approximation (90% confidence interval) = .049 (.040–.057)) with all factor loadings greater than .5 and statistically significant. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were .853, .686, .685, and .711for the four factors. Moreover, the model structure was invariant across different income groups. Discussion and conclusion: The Persian version of the Moral Distress Scale–Revised demonstrated suitable validity and reliability among nurses. The factor analysis also revealed that the Moral Distress Scale–Revised has a multidimensional structure. Regarding the proper psychometric characteristics, the validated scale can be used to further research about moral distress in this population.

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Clinical validation of the Swedish version of Dyspnoea-12 instrument in outpatients with cardiorespiratory disease

BMJ Open Respiratory Research ◽

10.1136/bmjresp-2019-000418 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. e000418 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Josefin Sundh ◽

Hans Bornefalk ◽

Carl Magnus Sköld ◽

Christer Janson ◽

Anders Blomberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Concurrent Validity ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Clinical Validation ◽

Cronbach’S Alpha ◽

Swedish Version ◽

Component Structure ◽

Cronbach's Alpha ◽

Cardinal Symptom

IntroductionBreathlessness is the cardinal symptom in both cardiac and respiratory diseases, and includes multiple dimensions. The multidimensional instrument Dyspnoea-12 has been developed to assess both physical and affective components of breathlessness. This study aimed to perform a clinical validation of the Swedish version of Dyspnoea-12 in outpatients with cardiorespiratory disease.MethodsStable outpatients with cardiorespiratory disease and self-reported breathlessness in daily life were recruited from five Swedish centres. Assessments of Dyspnoea-12 were performed at baseline, after 30–90 min and after 2 weeks. Factor structure was tested using confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha. Test–retest reliability was analysed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Concurrent validity at baseline was evaluated by examining correlations with lung function and several instruments for the assessment of symptoms and health status.ResultsIn total, 182 patients were included: with the mean age of 69 years and 53% women. The main causes of breathlessness were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; 25%), asthma (21%), heart failure (19%) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (19%). Factor analysis confirmed the expected underlying two-component structure with two subdomains. The Dyspnoea-12 total score, physical subdomain score and affective subdomain scores showed high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha 0.94, 0.84 and 0.80, respectively) and acceptable reliability after 2 weeks (ICC total scores 0.81, 0.79 and 0.73). Dyspnoea-12 showed concurrent validity with the instruments modified Medical Research Council scale, COPD Assessment Test, European Quality of Life-Five Dimensions-Five levels, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and with forced expiratory volume in 1 s in percentage of predicted value. The results were consistent across different cardiorespiratory conditions.ConclusionThe Dyspnoea-12 is a valid instrument for multidimensional assessment of breathlessness in Swedish patients with cardiorespiratory diseases.

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Validity and Reliability Study of the Scale for Determining the Civic-mindedness Levels of Teaching Staff

Journal of Education and Training Studies ◽

10.11114/jets.v5i4.2116 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Rüştü Yeşil

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Teaching Staff ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cronbach’S Alpha ◽

Cronbach's Alpha ◽

Bartlett Test ◽

Development Participation ◽

The Stability ◽

Civic Mindedness

use after also being checked by linguists. The validity analysis of the scale for the data collected was performed with exploratory factor analysis and item-total correlation tests, while the property of reliability was determined using the Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient and the stability test was carried out by determining the relationship between two applications conducted at an interval of the five weeks. The scale, which is called the “Scale for Determining the Civic-Mindedness Levels of Individuals” is a five-step Likert-type scale and consists of 27 items that can be collected under three factors. The factor names are “Openness to Criticism/Development”, “Participation/Activeness” and “Lack of Prejudice/Flexibility”. The KMO value of the scale was 0.956; and the Bartlett Test values were x2=11001.719; sd=351; p<0.000. Items in the scale accounted for 56.619% of the total variance. As a result of the confirmatory factor analysis, the χ2 value was 808.07 and the degree of freedom was 321. Χ2/df is 2.51. The fit indices of the scale were determined as RMSEA=0.067; S-RMR=0.049; NFI=0.97. The item-total corrected correlation coefficients of the items in the scale varied between 0.40 and 0.703 (p<.01). The reliability coefficient of the scale was Cronbach’s alpha at 0.954 and the stability coefficients of the items were between 0.496 and 0.674 (p<,01).

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Construct validity and reliability of the Brazilian version of Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale

Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/1983-1447.2021.20190429 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Author(s):

Mireille Janczyk Hereibi ◽

Juliana Perez Arthur ◽

Maria de Fátima Mantovani ◽

Ângela Taís Mattei ◽

Wendy Julia Mariano Viante ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Knowledge Level ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cronbach’S Alpha ◽

Pearson’S Correlation ◽

Cronbach's Alpha ◽

Brazilian Version ◽

Pearson's Correlation ◽

Level Scale ◽

Hypertension Knowledge

ABSTRACT Objective: To validate the construct and test the reliability of the Brazilian version of Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale. Methods: Methodological research with 220 participants in a primary health care unit from Curitiba, Paraná. The data were collected with a social demographic questionnaire and the Brazilian version of the scale. The construct validity and reliability were assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha, Pearson’s Correlation and Analysis of Variance. The discriminant validity was verified comparing groups of people with hypertension and without, using T test. Results: Cronbach’s Alpha was 0.74. The groups comparison showed that people with hypertension had better results (p<0,001). Pearson’s Correlation showed that the questions measure different aspects of the same construct, justifying its organization in subdimensions. Conclusion: The Brazilian version of Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale is a reliable instrument, which had its construct and criterion validated to measure knowledge about hypertension among Brazilian people. It can help health professionals with planning educative actions.

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Development, validity and reliability testing the Swedish Ethical Climate Questionnaire

Nursing Ethics ◽

10.1177/0969733018819122 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (7-8) ◽

pp. 2482-2493 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Catarina Fischer Grönlund ◽

Anna Söderberg ◽

Vera Dahlqvist ◽

Lars Andersson ◽

Ulf Isaksson

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽

Ethical Climate ◽

Factor Model ◽

Parallel Analysis ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cronbach’S Alpha ◽

Cronbach's Alpha ◽

Professional Perspective ◽

Ethical Climate Questionnaire

Background: An ethical climate has been described as a working climate embracing shared perceptions about morally correct behaviour concerning ethical issues. Various ethical climate questionnaires have been developed and validated for different contexts, but no questionnaire has been found concerning the ethical climate from an inter-professional perspective in a healthcare context. The Swedish Ethical Climate Questionnaire, based on Habermas’ four requirements for a democratic dialogue, attempts to assess and measure the ethical climate at various inter-professional workplaces. This study aimed to present the construction of and to test the psychometric properties of the Swedish Ethical Climate Questionnaire. Method: An expert group of six researchers, skilled in ethics, evaluated the content validity. The questionnaire was tested among 355 healthcare workers at three hospitals in Sweden. A parallel analysis (PA), an exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed. Ethical considerations: The participants included in the psychometric analysis were informed about the study, asked to participate in person and informed that they could withdraw at any time without giving any reason. They were also assured of confidentiality in the reporting of the results. Findings: The parallel analysis (PA) recommended one factor as a solution. The initial exploratory factor analysis with a four-factor solution showed low concordance with a four-factor model. Cronbach’s alpha varied from 0.75 to 0.82; however, since two factors only consisted of one item, alpha could not be reported. Cronbach’s alpha for the entire scale showed good homogeneity (α = 0.86). A confirmatory factory analysis was carried out based on the four requirements and showed a goodness-of-fit after deleting two items. After deletion of these items, Cronbach’s alpha was 0.82. Discussion: Based on the exploratory factor analysis, we suggest that the scale should be treated as a one-factor model. The result indicates that the instrument is unidimensional and assesses ethical climate as a whole. Conclusion: After testing the Swedish Ethical Climate Questionnaire, we found support for the validity and reliability of the instrument. We found the 10-item version of Swedish Ethical Climate Questionnaire satisfactory. However, we found no support for measuring different dimensions and, therefore, this instrument should be seen as assessing ethical climate as of whole.

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PEN-13: A New Generic 13-Item Questionnaire for Measuring Patient Enablement (German Version)

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16234867 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (23) ◽

pp. 4867 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Achim Siegel ◽

Anna T. Ehmann ◽

Ingo Meyer ◽

Oliver Gröne ◽

Wilhelm Niebling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Survey Instrument ◽

German Version ◽

Cronbach’S Alpha ◽

Cronbach's Alpha ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Two Factors ◽

Patient Enablement

Background: The purpose of our study was to develop and psychometrically test a German-language survey instrument that measures patient enablement generically and in greater detail than previous instruments. Methods: A multidisciplinary team developed 13 items to capture individual aspects of patient enablement (PEN-13). A pre-test with 26 subjects was followed by a random sample survey of N = 1168 subjects. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted in a random split-half sample of the data to explore PEN-13’s factor structure; a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted in the validation sample. The internal consistency of the factors was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha, PEN-13’s construct validity was checked by means of additional hypothesis testing. Results: The two factors self-management and patient-practitioner interaction, detected in the exploratory analysis, were confirmed with a few modifications in the confirmatory factor analysis, with the comparative fit index (CFI) amounting to 0.903. The Cronbach’s alpha values of those two factors amounted to α = 0.90 and α = 0.82, respectively. The correlations of the PEN-13 score with the ’general self-efficacy’ and ’health literacy’ (HLS-EU-Q16) scores further confirmed its construct validity; the respective correlation coefficients amounted to 0.57 and 0.60. Conclusion: The German version of the survey instrument Patient Enablement Scale—13 items (PEN-13) shows acceptable psychometric properties. Practical implications: PEN-13 seems particularly suitable for health services research purposes. We recommend checking the results in another sample as well as evaluating its responsiveness to enablement-enhancing interventions.

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