App-Based Mindfulness for People of Color Who Experience Race-Related Stress: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Ramos ◽  
Adrian Aguilera ◽  
Amanda Montoya ◽  
Anna Lau ◽  
Yinyin Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Treatment Acceptability ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Race Related Stress

BACKGROUND People of color (POC) who experience race-related stress are at risk of developing mental health problems, including high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. Mindfulness meditation (MM) may be especially well suited to help POC cope, given their emphasis on gaining awareness and acceptance of emotions associated with discriminatory treatment. However, MM rarely reaches POC, and the use of digital approaches could reduce this treatment gap by addressing traditional barriers to care. OBJECTIVE The current study will test the effectiveness of a self-directed app-based mindfulness meditation program among POC who experience elevated levels of race-related stress. Similarly, important implementation outcomes, including treatment acceptability, adherence, and satisfaction will be examined. METHODS Participants (n = 80) will be recruited online, sending emails to relevant listservs, and posting fliers in communities of color. Eligible participants will be block randomized to either 1) the intervention group (n = 40) where they will complete a self-directed 4-week MM program, or 2) a wait-list control condition (n = 40) that will receive access to the app after study completion. All participants will complete measures at baseline, mid-, and post-treatment. Primary outcomes include changes in stress, anxiety, and depression. Secondary outcomes include changes in mindfulness, self-compassion, rumination, emotion suppression, and experiential avoidance. Exploratory analyses will examine whether changes in primary outcomes are mediated by changes in the secondary outcomes. Finally, treatment acceptability, adherence, and satisfaction will be examined descriptively. RESULTS Recruitment began in October 2021. Data will be analyzed using multilevel modeling, a statistical methodology that accounts for the dependence among repeated observations. Considering issues of attrition in self-directed digital interventions and their potential effects on statistical significance and treatment effect sizes, we will examine data using both intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this will be the first study to provide data on the effectiveness of an app-based mindfulness program for POC recruited based on elevated race-related stress, a high-risk population. Findings will also provide important information regarding whether a self-directed app-based MM interventions are an acceptable treatment among this underserved population. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05027113; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05027113

scholarly journals A Randomised Controlled CBT Intervention for Maladaptive Perfectionism: Outcome and Predictors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-299
Author(s):  
Olga Zikopoulou ◽  
Anna Nisyraiou ◽  
Gregoris Simos
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Maladaptive Perfectionism ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Group Cbt

Maladaptive perfectionism has been associated with certain mental health problems. Moreover, studies suggest that the development of perfectionism can be attributed to childhood experiences and, more specifically, to parenting styles. (1) Background: The aims of the present study were first to examine the relationship of perfectionism to perceived parenting and current symptoms of depression and anxiety and, secondly, to study the effectiveness of a group CBT intervention program for high perfectionism; (2) Methods: Participants were 81 young Greek adults with relatively high scores in perfectionism. They were randomly allocated to two conditions: either the intervention group (IG; n = 40) or a non-active control group (CG; n = 41). The intervention group received a CBT intervention of 10 weekly sessions, while assessments were made in two time points for both groups; (3) Results: There was significant correlation of perfectionism with perceived parental indifference, abuse, and overcontrol as well as measures of anxiety and depression. Results showed significant decrease in perfectionism and other symptoms in the IG. Although perceived paternal indifference and abuse could predict perfectionism at pre-intervention, no pre-intervention variable could predict the perfectionism intervention outcome; (4) Conclusions: Overall, the study suggests that maladaptive perfectionism is associated with perceived negative parenting and current anxiety and depression and that a group CBT intervention can address specific dimensions of maladaptive perfectionism.

scholarly journals Elevated depression and anxiety among pregnant individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Lebel ◽  
Anna MacKinnon ◽  
Mercedes Bagshawe ◽  
Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen ◽  
Gerald Giesbrecht
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Standardized Measures ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Related Stress

Mental health problems are common in pregnancy, typically affecting between 10-25% of pregnant individuals. Elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety can negatively impact both the pregnant individual and developing fetus. The current COVID-19 pandemic is a unique stressor with potentially wide-ranging consequences for pregnancy and beyond. We assessed symptoms of anxiety and depression among pregnant individuals during the current COVID-19 pandemic and determined factors that were associated with psychological distress. 1987 pregnant participants were surveyed across Canada in April 2020. The assessment included questions about COVID-19-related stress and standardized measures of depression, anxiety, pregnancy-related anxiety, sleep and social support. We found substantially elevated psychological distress compared to similar pre-pandemic pregnancy cohorts, with 37% reporting clinically relevant symptoms of depression, 57% reporting clinically relevant symptoms of anxiety, and 68% reporting elevated pregnancy-related anxiety. Higher levels of social support and longer sleep duration were associated with lower psychological symptoms across domains. This study shows concerningly elevated levels of psychological distress among pregnant individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic, that may have long-term impacts on their children. Potential intervention targets are needed in addition to improving protective factors related to increased social support and sleep -- these should be urgently considered to mitigate long-term negative outcomes.

Index of Race-Related Stress

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn O. Utsey ◽  
Joseph G. Ponterotto
Keyword(s):  
Related Stress ◽  
Race Related Stress

Anxiety Depression and Burden among the Caregivers of Persons with Neurological Illness

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Roy ◽  
Nilesh Maruti Gujar ◽  
Arif Ali ◽  
Utpal Borah
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Care Burden ◽  
Neurological Illness ◽  
Rehabilitation Sciences ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background: Studies have shown that caregivers of the persons with the neurological illness have high levels of psychological distress, depression and caregiver’s burden. The aim of the study was to find out anxiety, depression and caregiver’s burden among the caregivers of persons with neurological illness (PWNI). Method: Thirty caregivers of PWNI attending the Centre of Rehabilitation Sciences, LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur, Assam were selected using purposive sampling technique for the present study. Socio-demographic and clinical data sheet, Zarit Burden Interview Scale and The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used. Results: The results shown that in Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 26.6% of the caregivers' scores were in the abnormal range in the domain of depression. While in the domain of anxiety, 16.6% scored in the abnormal range. In Zarit Burden of Scale, 13.3% of the caregivers were having little or no burden, 26.6% of the caregivers were having mild to moderate level of burden, 20% were having moderate to severe burden and 30% were having a severe burden of care. Care burden has significant positive correlation with depression (r= .124, p≤ 0.01 and anxiety (r= .124, p≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Caregivers of PWNI have been found to be at higher risk of mental health problems and care burden. The importance of addressing the burden of caregivers involved in the care of PWNI need to be taken into consideration while providing treatment and rehabilitation of PWNI.     Keywords: Anxiety, depression, burden, neurological illness

scholarly journals Healthy eating and lifestyle in pregnancy (HELP): a cluster randomised trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a weight management intervention for pregnant women with obesity on weight at 12 months postpartum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon A. Simpson ◽  
Elinor Coulman ◽  
Dunla Gallagher ◽  
Karen Jewell ◽  
David Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Management ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Risky Drinking ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Weight Management Intervention

Abstract Objective To assess whether a weight management intervention for pregnant women with obesity was effective in reducing body mass index (BMI) 12 months after giving birth. Methods Pragmatic, cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) with embedded cost-effectiveness analysis. 598 women with a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2 (between 12 and 20 weeks gestation) were recruited from 20 secondary care maternity units in England and Wales. BMI at 12 months postpartum was the primary outcome. A range of clinical and behavioural secondary outcomes were examined. Interventions Women attending maternity units randomised to intervention were invited to a weekly weight management group, which combined expertise from a commercial weight loss programme with clinical advice from midwives. Both intervention and control participants received usual care and leaflets on diet and physical activity in pregnancy. Results Mean (SD) BMI at 12 months postpartum was 36.0 kg/m2 (5.2) in the control group, and 37.5 kg/m2 (6.7) in the intervention group. After adjustment for baseline BMI, the intervention effect was −0.02 (95% CI −0.04 to 0.01). The intervention group had an improved healthy eating score (3.08, 95% CI 0.16 to 6.00, p < 0.04), improved fibre score (3.22, 1.07 to 5.37, p < 0.01) and lower levels of risky drinking at 12 months postpartum compared to the control group (OR 0.45, 0.27 to 0.74, p < 0.002). The net incremental monetary benefit was not statistically significantly different between arms, although the probability of the intervention being cost-effective was above 60%, at policy-relevant thresholds. Conclusions There was no significant difference between groups on the primary outcome of BMI at 12 months. Analyses of secondary outcomes indicated improved healthy eating and lower levels of risky drinking. Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN25260464.

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