scholarly journals Clinical evaluation of the fiber optic electrocardiography and blood pressure measuring system - Electromechanical analysis of right atrial pressure changes during surgery.

1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takesuke MUTEKI ◽  
Toshiyuki ARAGAKI ◽  
Naoyuki UEDA ◽  
Masahiro SHINOZAKI ◽  
Hiroshi TOBATA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Atrial Pressure ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Right Atrial Pressure ◽  
Pressure Changes

scholarly journals Effect of Exercise on Cerebral Circulation

1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mordecai Globus ◽  
Eldad Melamed ◽  
Andre Keren ◽  
Dan Tzivoni ◽  
Chaim Granot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Atrial Pressure ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Right Atrial Pressure ◽  
Inhalation Technique ◽  
Cerebrovascular Autoregulation ◽  
Cerebrovascular Resistance

The effect of supine physical exercise on cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured in 30 normal subjects with the 133Xe inhalation technique. The CBF measurements were correlated to changes in Pco2, heart rate, and blood pressure, and to cardiac output and right atrial pressure in 10 of the subjects who underwent Swan-Ganz catheterization. No significant change was found in CBF during physical exercise, although a marked increase in cardiac output, blood pressure, and right atrial pressure and a mild decrease in PCO2 were found. Cerebrovascular resistance increased by 38%, in contrast to a decrease of 33% in the peripheral vascular resistance. The factors that affect the mechanism of cerebrovascular autoregulation during exercise are discussed.

Effect of diaphragm contraction on canine heart and pericardium

1983 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 1261-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Lloyd ◽  
J. A. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Servo Control ◽  
Atrial Pressure ◽  
Left Atrial Pressure ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Right Atrial Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Canine Heart ◽  
Pressure Changes

Pericardiophrenic attachments transmit diaphragm contraction to the pericardium. We investigated this in two ways. 1) We replaced the hearts of externally perfused dogs with a balloon from which we measured pressure changes. Diaphragm contraction increased pressure from 4.6 to 5.5 Torr, equivalent to an isobaric volume decrease of 1.5%, and decreased volumetric compliance by 3%. 2) We selectively servo controlled right atrial pressure, left atrial pressure, or cardiac output in open-chest dogs and monitored the effect of diaphragm contraction on cardiovascular and abdominal pressures, cardiac output, and the volume of blood added to or withdrawn from the circulation to achieve servo control. Diaphragm contraction decreased left atrial pressure 0.4 Torr when right atrial pressure was controlled and right atrial pressure increased 0.2 Torr while controlling left atrial pressure, but there were no significant changes in cardiac output. Atrial pressure did not change significantly when output was controlled. Servo control required removal of approximately 50 ml of blood, presumably reflecting a decreased splanchnic vascular capacity at the higher abdominal pressure. We conclude that the diaphragm may slightly tense the pericardium, but this has no important primary effect on the heart.

Role of endogenous ANP in sodium excretion in rats with experimental pulmonary hypertension

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (6) ◽  
pp. H1684-H1689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Hirata ◽  
E. Suzuki ◽  
H. Hayakawa ◽  
H. Matsuoka ◽  
T. Sugimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Neutral Endopeptidase ◽  
Atrial Pressure ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Right Atrial Pressure ◽  
The Right

To explore the roles of endogenous atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in the volume regulation, we examined effects of antiserum for ANP or a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, thiorphan, in rats with monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension. ANP concentrations in the plasma and right ventricle and ANP mRNA in the right ventricle of MCT-treated rats were higher than in vehicle-treated rats. The administration of the ANP antiserum into the MCT-treated rats did not affect the right atrial pressure or blood pressure but significantly decreased urinary excretion of Na by 60%. No decrease occurred in the control rats. Thiorphan dose dependently increased the urinary excretion of Na by 140% without influencing the right atrial pressure or blood pressure. This natriuresis was associated with 50 and 450% increases in ANP concentrations in the plasma and urine, respectively. The degrees of increases in urinary Na excretion, ANP, and guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate were significantly greater in the MCT-treated rats than in the control rats. Thus an increased secretion of ANP in pulmonary hypertension actually contributes to Na excretion. The augmentation of endogenous ANP activity may further potentiate the compensatory role of this peptide in the regulation of body fluid volume.

scholarly journals Flow-driven right-to-left cardiac shunting in a patient with carcinoid heart disease and patent foramen ovale without elevated right atrial pressure: a case report and literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parinita Dherange ◽  
Nelson Telles ◽  
Kalgi Modi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Patent Foramen Ovale ◽  
Atrial Septum ◽  
Atrial Pressure ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Right Atrial Pressure ◽  
Heart Catheterization ◽  
Carcinoid Heart Disease ◽  
Foramen Ovale ◽  
Arterial Blood

Abstract Background Carcinoid heart disease is present in approximately 20% of the patients with carcinoid syndrome and is associated with poor prognosis. It usually manifests with right-sided valvular involvement including tricuspid insufficiency and pulmonary stenosis. Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is present in approximately 50% of the patients with carcinoid heart disease which is twice higher than the general population. Right-to-left shunting through a PFO can occur either due to higher right atrial pressure than left (pressure-driven) or when the venous flow is directed towards the PFO (flow-driven) in the setting of normal intracardiac pressures. We report a rare case of flow-driven right-to-left atrial shunting via PFO in a patient with carcinoid heart disease. Case summary A 54-year-old male with a metastatic neuroendocrine tumour to liver presented with progressive shortness of breath for 5 months. Patient was found to be hypoxic with oxygen saturation of 78% and examination revealed a holosystolic murmur. Arterial blood gas showed oxygen tension of 43 mmHg. A transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiogram showed aneurysmal inter-atrial septum with a PFO, severe tricuspid regurgitation directed anteriorly towards the inter-atrial septum leading to a marked right-to-left shunt. Right heart catheterization showed right atrial pressure of 8 mmHg, mean pulmonary artery pressure of 12 mmHg, and normal oxygen saturations in the right atrium, right ventricle, and pulmonary arteries. The patient then underwent closure of the PFO along with tricuspid valve and pulmonary valve replacement at an experienced cardiovascular surgical centre and has been asymptomatic since. Conclusion Right-to-left shunting through a PFO in patients with normal right atrial pressure can be successfully treated with closure of the PFO. Thus, understanding the mechanism of intracardiac shunts is important to accurately diagnose and treat this rare and fatal condition.

scholarly journals Isolated Marked Inferior Vena Cava Dilatation: Unusual Presentation or Underrecognized Common Phenomenon?

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha R. Gadi ◽  
Benjamin K. Ruth ◽  
Alan Johnson ◽  
Sula Mazimba ◽  
Younghoon Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Unusual Presentation ◽  
Atrial Pressure ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Right Atrial Pressure ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Right Heart

Inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter and respirophasic variation are commonly used echocardiographic indices to estimate right atrial pressure. While dilatation of the IVC and reduced collapsibility have traditionally been associated with elevated right heart filling pressures, the significance of isolated IVC dilatation in the absence of raised filling pressures remains poorly understood. We present a case of an asymptomatic 28-year-old male incidentally found to have IVC dilatation, reduced inspiratory collapse, and normal right heart pressures.

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