Technology Uncertainty and Market Collusion

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Labrecciosa ◽  
Luca Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Technology Shocks ◽  
Marginal Productivity ◽  
Cartel Stability ◽  
Trigger Strategies ◽  
Highly Correlated

Abstract In this paper, we propose technology uncertainty as a new factor relevant to market collusion. We analyze an infinitely repeated quantity game where, for each firm, the marginal productivity of the input employed in the production process is affected by an unobservable shock. Each firm faces technology uncertainty, measured by the variance of the shocks, in every period. We show that, under both grim trigger strategies and optimal punishments, technology uncertainty enhances cartel stability, suggesting that, in industries characterized by technology uncertainty, the actions of the antitrust authorities should be intensified. We also show that collusion is less likely when technology shocks are highly correlated, implying that regulators interested in deterring collusion should promote the formation of industrial clusters.

scholarly journals Regional Aspects of the Development of Clustering in the Dairy Branch

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Parent Company ◽  
Cluster Approach ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Cluster Development ◽  
Economic Result

In this paper, we study the classical and modern approaches to the formation of regional agro‑industrial clusters. In the current market conditions, the creation of a cluster based on the existing regional infrastructure is impractical. In most cases, clusters are called holding structures that include the full cycle of production, processing and marketing of agricultural products, for example, “dairy clusters” –there are traditional groups of companies that formally follow the classical cluster principles, but do not give individual participants in the production process sufficient organizational and legal autonomy. The conditions for the development of innovation within the cluster, as well as the mechanism for creating the scientific and innovation component of the cluster as a fully‑ledged newly created cluster element are investigated. We show that the cluster should be created on the basis and strict adherence to fundamental organizational and economic principles. In particular, while in holdings the economic result of the activity is aimed at achieving the goals of the parent company, in a cluster the maximum interest in the result and the satisfaction of the economic interests of all participants in equal measure should be laid. Moreover, the classical cluster approach in the current market conditions may be unrealizable and the author’s concept of cluster development is preferable.

OPTIMUM PROCESS MEAN AND SCREENING LIMITS FOR A PRODUCTION PROCESS WITH THREE-CLASS SCREENING

2000 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. LEE ◽  
S. H. HONG ◽  
H. M. KWON ◽  
S. B. KIM
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Secondary Market ◽  
Quality Characteristic ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Process Mean ◽  
Performance Variable ◽  
Penalty Costs ◽  
Alternative Markets ◽  
Highly Correlated

The optimum process mean and screening limits are provided for a production process where the accepted item is sold in one of two alternative markets and the rejected item is reworked. All items are subject to screening where the screening variable may be the major quality characteristic of interest (performance variable) or the surrogate variable, which is highly correlated with the performance variable. Each item is classified into three quality grades A, B, and C: grade A items are sold to primary market, grade B items are sold to secondary market, and grade C items are reworked by the same manufacturing process. Assuming that performance and surrogate variables are jointly normally distributed, two profit models are constructed which include selling price, production, inspection, rework and penalty costs. Methods of finding the optimum process mean and the screening limits are presented and an illustrative example is given.

Cannabis use in Switzerland: The role of attribution of drug use to friends, urbanization and repression 1The study was supported by the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health (Bundesamt für Gesundheit BAG) Grant 316.96.5980.

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Model ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Structural Variables ◽  
Hbsc Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Individual Use

Cannabis use does not show homogeneous patterns in a country. In particular, urbanization appears to influence prevalence rates, with higher rates in urban areas. A hierarchical linear model (HLM) was employed to analyze these structural influences on individuals in Switzerland. Data for this analysis were taken from the Switzerland survey of Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Study, the most recent survey to assess drug use in a nationally representative sample of 3473 15-year-olds. A total of 1487 male and 1620 female students indicated their cannabis use and their attributions of drug use to friends. As second level variables we included address density in the 26 Swiss Cantons as an indicator of urbanization and officially recorded offences of cannabis use in the Cantons as an indicator of repressive policy. Attribution of drug use to friends is highly correlated with cannabis use. The correlation is even more pronounced in urban Cantons. However, no association between recorded offences and cannabis use was found. The results suggest that structural variables influence individuals. Living in an urban area effects the attribution of drug use to friends. On the other hand repressive policy does not affect individual use.

The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS)

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise S. Dan-Glauser ◽  
Klaus R. Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
French Translation ◽  
French Version ◽  
Inappropriate Behaviors ◽  
Initial Validation ◽  
Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽  
Instrument Measuring ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Psychopathological Disorders

Successful emotion regulation is a key aspect of efficient social functioning and personal well-being. Difficulties in emotion regulation lead to relationship impairments and are presumed to be involved in the onset and maintenance of some psychopathological disorders as well as inappropriate behaviors. Gratz and Roemer (2004 ) developed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), a comprehensive instrument measuring emotion regulation problems that encompasses several dimensions on which difficulties can occur. The aim of the present work was to develop a French translation of this scale and to provide an initial validation of this instrument. The French version was created using translation and backtranslation procedures and was tested on 455 healthy students. Congruence between the original and the translated scales was .98 (Tucker’s phi) and internal consistency of the translation reached .92 (Cronbach’s α). Moreover, test-retest scores were highly correlated. Altogether, the initial validation of the French version of the DERS (DERS-F) offers satisfactory results and permits the use of this instrument to map difficulties in emotion regulation in both clinical and research contexts.

Automated Latex Agglutination and ELISA Testing Yield Equivalent D-Dimer Results in Patients with Recent Myocardial Infarction

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 1412-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Zareba ◽  
John Horan ◽  
Arthur Moss ◽  
Joel Kanouse ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Coronary Death ◽  
Elisa Testing ◽  
Strong Linear Correlation ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
D Dimer

SummaryOur previous prospective study of post-infarction patients described a strong and significant association of increased plasma D-dimer concentrations in those who experienced a subsequent coronary death or non-fatal myocardial infarction. In the present study, we compare results on stored plasma obtained two months after the index myocardial infarction from 1,038 patients of this trial, using a simple automated latex agglutination (LA) assay in parallel with the standard ELISA test. Results show a somewhat higher mean value for the LA assay (702 ± 1092 vs. 638 ± 986 ng/ml, p = 0.0002), a strong linear correlation of the two assays (r = 0.86) and 88% agreement for values below 500 ng/ml by the ELISA test. D-dimer concentrations determined by each assay were highly correlated in patients with subsequent coronary artery events (p = 0.93) and quartile values for both the LA and ELISA were equally predictive of such events (p = 0.003 and p = 0.001, respectively). This is the first demonstration that a latex agglutination assay for D-dimer can be used to assess the prognostic risk of recurrent coronary thrombotic disease after myocardial infarction

Do Extra-Platelet Sources Contribute to the Plasma Level of Thrombospondin?

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (02) ◽  
pp. 273-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Dawes ◽  
D A Pratt ◽  
M S Dewar ◽  
F E Preston
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Background Concentration ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Bone Marrow Depression ◽  
Serial Sampling ◽  
Control Serum ◽  
Platelet Release ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryThrombospondin, a trimeric glycoprotein contained in the platelet α-granules, has been proposed as a marker of in vivo platelet activation. However, it is also synthesised by a range of other cells. The extraplatelet contribution to plasma levels of thrombospondin was therefore estimated by investigating the relationship between plasma thrombospondin levels and platelet count in samples from profoundly thrombocytopenic patients with marrow hypoplasia, using the platelet-specific α-granule protein β-thromboglobulin as control. Serum concentrations of both proteins were highly correlated with platelet count, but while plasma β-thromboglobulin levels and platelet count also correlated, there was no relationship between the number of platelets and thrombospondin concentrations in plasma. Serial sampling of patients recovering from bone marrow depression indicated that the plasma thrombospondin contributed by platelets is superimposed on a background concentration of at least 50 ng/ml probably derived from a non-platelet source, and plasma thrombospondin levels do not simply reflect platelet release.

Detection of Circulating Tissue Factor and Factor VII in a Normal Population

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (05) ◽  
pp. 772-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sybille Albrecht ◽  
Matthias Kotzsch ◽  
Gabriele Siegert ◽  
Thomas Luther ◽  
Heinz Großmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender

SummaryThe plasma tissue factor (TF) concentration was correlated to factor VII concentration (FVIIag) and factor VII activity (FVIIc) in 498 healthy volunteers ranging in age from 17 to 64 years. Immunoassays using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were developed for the determination of TF and FVIIag in plasma. The mAbs and the test systems were characterized. The mean value of the TF concentration was 172 ± 135 pg/ml. TF showed no age- and gender-related differences. For the total population, FVIIc, determined by a clotting test, was 110 ± 15% and the factor VIlag was 0.77 ± 0.19 μg/ml. FVII activity was significantly increased with age, whereas the concentration demonstrated no correlation to age in this population. FVII concentration is highly correlated with the activity as measured by clotting assay using rabbit thromboplastin. The ratio between FVIIc and FVIIag was not age-dependent, but demonstrated a significant difference between men and women. Between TF and FVII we could not detect a correlation.

Optimization of the production process of special purpose pasta with the addition of carrots and pectin

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
N.N. Martynov ◽  
◽  
G.A. Sidorenko ◽  
G.B. Zinyukhin ◽  
E.Sh. Maneeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Process

IMPLEMENTASI JOB ORDER COSTING METHOD DALAM PERHITUNGAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI MAP

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Ika Yulianti ◽  
Endah Masrunik ◽  
Anam Miftakhul Huda ◽  
Diana Elvianita
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Method Calculation ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to find a comparison of the calculation of the cost of goods manufactured in the CV. Mitra Setia Blitar uses the company's method and uses the Job Order Costing (JOC) method. The method used in this study is quantitative. The types of data used are quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative data is in the form of map production cost data while qualitative data is in the form of information about map production process. The result of calculating the cost of production of the map between the two methods results in a difference of Rp. 306. Calculation using the company method is more expensive than using the Job Order Costing method. Calculation of cost of goods manufactured using the company method is Rp. 2,205,000, - or Rp. 2,205, - each unit. While using the Job Order Costing (JOC) method is Rp. 1,899,000, - or Rp 1,899, - each unit. So that the right method used in calculating the cost of production is the Job Order Costing (JOC) method

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