CHARACTERISTICS OF CONVECTIVE CLOUD IN LINE-SHAPED RAIN BANDS FOR KANTO-TOHOKU HEAVY RAIN IN 2015

The phenomenon of extreme weather, heavy rain and strong winds hit four sub-districts in Probolinggo Regency, East Java on January 3, 2020 at 17.00 WIB. Based on data from the East Java Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD), the incidence of heavy rain and strong winds resulted in damage to as many as 204 houses. This study uses remote sensing data in the form of C-Band Radar and Himawari-8 Satellite and Copernicus ECMWF renalysis data. The data is processed into spatial maps and graphs which are then analyzed descriptively. The results of data analysis show that the reflectivity value reaches 43 dBZ and the wind speed reaches 13.57 m / s with a rainfall of 15.83 mm / hour at 10.00 WIB. Based on the analysis of the Himawari-8 Satellite, the peak temperature of the clouds reached -73.1 oC and the atmospheric lability data showed that the atmosphere was unstable, which could indicate the possibility of heavy rain and strong winds. The value of vortices in the 1000 mb - 500 mb layer is negative and the humidity value ranges from 85% - 90% and a positive sea surface temperature anomaly value and the presence of windshields result in convergence of air masses which can support convective cloud growth as the cause of heavy rain events and strong winds in Probolinggo Regency, East Java

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I—by P. L. Stride

Journal of Navigation ◽

10.1017/s0373463300020300 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 415-425

Author(s):

P. L. Stride

Keyword(s):

Convective Cloud ◽

Heavy Rain ◽

Ice Crystals ◽

Large Droplet ◽

Standard Equipment ◽

Transport Aircraft ◽

Small Water ◽

Convective Processes ◽

Other Information ◽

Large Water

Airborne weather radar equipment, carried for detection of meteorological phenomena, is now well established as a standard equipment for most transport aircraft, and is even being specified for the larger executive types. It may be useful, therefore, to review the basic factors which influence the value of the information obtained and the progress made with equipment designs during the last decade.Turbulence on its own cannot be detected by radar. The radar defines areas in which some form of precipitation is occurring, i.e. heavy rain, hail, ice crystals or snow. Of these, the areas in which large water droplets fall as heavy rain on the ground or exist in suspension in the cloud are of most interest, since they are inevitably associated with convective cloud formations. All other information relating to the possibility of turbulence, ice formations, hail, &c., must be deduced by the observer from his knowledge of the mechanism of such meteorological phenomena. However, it is clear that the radar must display information on large droplet type clouds only. The presentation of small water droplet clouds not associated with convective processes would serve only to confuse the picture.The theory of reflections from meteorological phenomena is dealt with very thoroughly in the literature and here only the main conclusions will be summarized to show how the characteristics of a radar set affect the information produced.

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Utilization of Red-Green-Blue (RGB) modification composite for nighttime convective cloud monitoring over North Sumatra region

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/893/1/012019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 893 (1) ◽

pp. 012019

Author(s):

I J A Saragih ◽

K Tarigan ◽

M Sinambela ◽

M Situmorang ◽

K Sembiring ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Satellite Image ◽

Convective Cloud ◽

Weather Radar ◽

Heavy Rain ◽

Radar Data ◽

Convective System ◽

Rainfall Analysis ◽

The North ◽

Observation Method ◽

North Sumatra

Abstract Located between the Indian Ocean and the Malacca Strait, also the presence of the Bukit Barisan Mountains cause high convective activity in the North Sumatra region. The Himawari-8 satellite has 16 atmospheric observation channels that allow for observations of the convective system growth phase. The Red-Green-Blue (RGB) composite method is used to display a variety of satellite image composite information. The nocturnal convective system that often forms in the coastal areas of Sumatra causes heavy rains. A nocturnal convective system observation method is needed to publish early warning information on extreme weather. This research was conducted to observe the nocturnal convective system during heavy rain events in the North Sumatra region using a modification of RGB composite. This research used the Himawari-8 satellite data, Coloumn Max (CMAX) products of Medan weather radar data, and Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) rainfall estimation data. Comparison of RGB modified products with Night Microphysics RGB products and CMAX weather radar products, as well as time-series rainfall analysis. The results showed that the RGB modification product could capture the beginning of the convective system's growth, development, and spatial movement. The convective cloud distribution pattern corresponds to the area of heavy rain. There is a slight difference in cloud growth area between the satellite and radar products indicated the parallax error from the satellite image.

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Tropical convective cloud growth models for hydrometeorological disaster mitigation in Indonesia

Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances ◽

10.30574/gjeta.2021.6.2.0022 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 114-120

Author(s):

Rahmat Gernowo ◽

Dwi Purwantoro Sasongko

Keyword(s):

Growth Models ◽

Convective Cloud ◽

Extreme Rainfall ◽

Heavy Rain ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Disaster Mitigation ◽

Cloud Formation ◽

Convective Clouds ◽

Weather Parameters ◽

Parameter Values

Heavy rain in Semarang on 1 January 2020 caused flooding. The existence of heavy rain cannot be separated from the dynamics of weather parameters which are closely related to the convection process and cloud formation. In this paper research has been conducted using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF), to analyze the growth patterns of convective clouds as an effort to mitigate the initial events of extreme rainfall disasters. Several weather parameters that support cloud growth are very significant, namely the parameter values that support the convection process to form convective clouds (Cumulonimbus). The results of the model show that there has been extreme rainfall which can be used as initial mitigation of hydrometeorological disasters.

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The Mesoscale Convection System of Torrential Rain in Warm Sector over East Side of the Tibet Plateau

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-4168 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Qingyun Zhao ◽

Wu Zhang

Keyword(s):

Convective Cloud ◽

Heavy Rain ◽

Tibet Plateau ◽

East Side ◽

Cloud Band ◽

Torrential Rain ◽

Low Level ◽

Warm Sector ◽

Low Level Jet ◽

The Tibet Plateau

The northwest China is located at the northeast of the Tibet Plateau, with a broad zone and complex terrain. The torrential rain occurred occasionally in the region. The formation of torrential rain and defensive ability of human beings are different due to the complex terrain. The storms occurred simultaneously with mountain torrents and debris flows, resulting in major casualties and economic losses. Studies have shown that most of the heavy rain occurred in the front of upper trough under the background of warm and wet southwest flow and near the shear line formed by both northerly and southerly at low level. A heavy rain occurred at the east side of the Tibet Plateau is completely different from previous features of heavy rain in the same region. It happened under the control of warm high ridge and south wind flow field in synoptic scale. Heavy precipitation has emerged in the warm region before large scale rain belt arrived. The torrential rain occurred in warm region mostly appeared in south China and rarely in north area. It has the feature of severe convective precipitation with weak disturbance in synoptic scale. The NWP model is capacity-constrained to forecast it.A torrential rain in warm sector occurred at east side of Tibet Plateau, with the maximum hourly rainfall of 65mm, along with thunder and lightning. The evolution of mesoscale convective system was analyzed focusing on the development and propagation at by using the data of satellite, CINRAD, automatic weather stations, the conventional observation, and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. The results show that, due to the bell-like terrain of the east of Tibet Plateau and the block of Liupanshan mountain, a low-level jet formed as long as 200-300 km on 700 hPa. The low level jet triggered the development of convective cloud band. The forward propagation of Meso-&#946;-scale convective cloud cluster (MCS) was the major cause of Torrential rain. The radar echoes showed obvious characteristics of low center of mass warm cloud precipitation, the zonal distribution in north and south of strong echo monomer greater than 35 dBz, the movement of convective cells with 1time/h along the low-level Jet from south to north. The significant train effect formed zonal torrential rain at east side of Tibet Plateau.In the environmental conditions of high temperature and humidity, extreme instability of the atmosphere and a potential for severe convective weather, more attention should be paid to the formation and maintain of southwest low-level Jet. It is significant to the formation and development of the convective system in warm sector. In order to improve the forecast ability of NWP model, it is necessary to investigate the mechanics of the formation of torrential rain in the warm sector.Key words: East side of the Tibet Plateau; Low level Jet; Convective cloud band; Convective cells propagation; Torrential rain in Warm sector

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Spatial fraction verification of high resolution model

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/893/1/012036 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 893 (1) ◽

pp. 012036

Author(s):

I Made Kembar Tirtanegara ◽

Fitria Puspita Sari

Keyword(s):

Model Performance ◽

Wrf Model ◽

Absolute Threshold ◽

Convective Cloud ◽

Ground Truth ◽

Heavy Rain ◽

Skill Score ◽

Absolute Temperature ◽

Ground Truth Data ◽

Verification Method

Abstract Fraction Skill Score (FSS) is one of spatial verification method to evaluate model performance on spatial scale variations. The method was applied to assess the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model using 2 km (MODEL2KM) and 6 km (MODEL6KM) grid size. Cloud Top Temperature (CTT) data from Himawari-8 satellite was utilised as a ground truth data. This study aims to evaluate the model performance by FSS with absolute and percentile treshold on convective cloud simulation for three heavy rain events. The threshold considers the evaluation of absolute and percentile aspect. The result shows that there is no significant change in the FSS value for resolution increase of MODEL2KM compared to MODEL6KM. Also, the events of heavy rain having a lower CTT generate a higher FSS value for absolute threshold. Whilst, the percentile threshold for three cases have a greater FSS value, though it cannot provide the information of CTT absolute temperature value.

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Forecasting Occurrence of Localized Heavy Rain and Tornado

The Journal of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan ◽

10.1541/ieejjournal.134.604 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 134 (9) ◽

pp. 604-607

Author(s):

Shoji KAWASAKI ◽

Masaaki KOYAMA ◽

Shunsuke FUKAMI ◽

Chisa KOBAYASHI

Keyword(s):

Heavy Rain

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DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DOS DESASTRES HIDROMETEOROLÓGICOS NA MICRORREGIÃO PLUVIOMÉTRICAMENTE HOMOGÊNEA DO LITORAL PARAIBANO

Revista da Casa da Geografia de Sobral (RCGS) ◽

10.35701/rcgs.v21n2.534 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 467-476

Author(s):

Wanessa Janinne Eloy Da Silva ◽

Maressa Oliveira Lopes Araújo ◽

Marcelo De Oliveira Moura

Keyword(s):

Flash Flood ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Heavy Rain ◽

Emergency Situations

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a distribuição espaço-temporal dos reconhecimentos de Situação de Emergência associados à dinâmica hidrometeorológica na microrregião pluviometricamente homogênea do Litoral paraibano, durante o período de 2003 a 2016. Para isso, foram utilizados dados adquiridos no site do Ministério da Integração Nacional, encontrados na página da Secretaria Nacional de Proteção e Defesa Civil, conforme reconhecimentos disponibilizados através de portarias. Como resultados principais, constatou-se um total de 29 reconhecimentos, em que 51,7% corresponde a enchentes; 20,7% a chuvas intensas; 24,2% correspondente a enxurradas e 3,4% a inundações. Considera-se que os resultados obtidos tiveram um cunho mais descritivo, necessitando assim de estudos mais avançados sobre a temática.Palavras chave: Litoral Paraibano, desastres hidrometeorológicos, situação de emergência. ABSTRACTThe present work has for objective analyze the space-temporal distribution of the emergency situations recognizements associated to the hydrometeorological dynamic on the pluviometrically homogenius microregion of the coast of Paraíba, during the period of 2003 to 2016. For that, data were used acquired from the Ministério da Integração Nacional’s site, found on the Secretaria Nacional de Proteção e Defesa Civil’s page, conform available recognizements through ordinances. As main results, a total of 29 recognizements were found, in which 51,7% corresponds to floods; 20,7% to heavy rain; 24,2% corresponding to flash flood and 3,4% to inundations. It’s considered that the obtained results have a descriptive label, needing then advanced studies about the theme.Keywords: Coast of Paraiba, hydrometeorlogical disasters, emergency situations. RESUMENEste documento tiene como objetivo analizar la distribución espacio-temporal de los reconocimientos de situaciones de emergencia com la dinâmica hidrometeorológica em la microrregión de lluvia homogénea de la costa paraibana, de 2003 a 2016. Para este propósito, se utilizaron los datos adquiridos del sitio web del Ministerio de Salud. Integración nacional, que se encuentra en la página de la Secretaría Nacional de Protección y Defensa Civil, como agradecimientos disponibles a través de ordenanzas. Como resultados principales, hubo un total de 29 reconocimientos, de los cuales el 51.7% correspondió a inundaciones; 20.7% a fuertes lluvias; 24.2% correspondientes a enxurradas y 3.4% a inundaciones. Se considera que los resultados obtenidos tuvieron una naturaleza más descriptiva, por lo que requirieron estúdios más avanzados sobre el tema.Palabras clave: Costa de Paraiba, desastres hidrometeorológicos, situación de emergencia.

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