scholarly journals Evaluation of Erosion and Deposition of Muddy Sediment during Passage of Typhoon based on Field Data Observed off the Haneda in Tokyo Bay

Author(s):  
Yasuyuki NAKAGAWA ◽  
Ryuich ARIJI ◽  
Kazuo NADAOKA ◽  
Hiroshi YAGI ◽  
Ken-ichiro SHIMOSAKO ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Kitazawa ◽  
Masataka Fujino ◽  
Shigeru Tabeta

A numerical study by means of a marine ecosystem model is conducted to examine the causes of change in the marine environment of Tokyo Bay in the latest 70 years. First, the marine ecosystem model is validated by comparing the predicted water quality such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (T-P) and total nitrogen (T-N) for the year of 1994 with the field data, which has been observed at 48 spots in Tokyo Bay. In addition, topography of Tokyo Bay and the discharge of chemical matters from the rivers are estimated for each year of 1935, 1979, and 1994, and the marine environment in the summer of each year is reproduced by numerical simulation. From comparing the results, it is revealed that the marine environment varies corresponding mainly to change in the discharge of chemical matters, and that the impact of reclamation is about 30% of the impact of change in the discharge of chemical matters.


2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Mitsuharu Toba ◽  
Jun Kakino ◽  
Kazuo Tada ◽  
Yutaka Kobayashi ◽  
Hideharu Tsuchie

In Tokyo Bay, the harvestable quantity of asari (Manila) clams Ruditapes philippinarum has been decreasing since the late 1990s. We conducted a field investigation on clam density in the Banzu culture area from April 1988 to December 2014 and collected records spanning January 1986 to September 2017 from relevant fisheries cooperative associations to clarify the relationship between the temporal variation in stock abundance and the production activities of fishermen. The yearly variation in clam abundance over the study period was marked by larger decreases in the numbers of larger clams. A large quantity of juvenile clams, beyond the biological productivity of the culture area, may have been introduced as seed stock in the late 1980s despite the high level of harvestable stock. The declines in harvested quantity began in the late 1990s and may have been caused by decreases in harvestable stock despite the continuous addition of seed stock clams. The harvested quantity is likely to be significantly dependent upon the wild clam population, even within the culture area, as the harvestable quantity was not correlated with the quantity of seed stock introduced during the study period. These declines in harvested quantity may have resulted from a decreasing number of operating harvesters due to the low level of harvestable stock and consequently reduced profitability. Two findings were emphasized. A certain management style, based on predictions of the contributions of wild and introduced clams to future stock biomass, is essential for economically-feasible culturing. In areas with less harvestable stock, actions should be taken to maintain the incomes of harvesters while avoiding overexploitation, even if the total harvest quantity decreases.


2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Morichon ◽  
Barbara Boczar-Karakiewicz ◽  
Edward B. Thornton
Keyword(s):  

Liquidity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Yuri Nanda Larasati ◽  
Jafril Khalil

Regulation of the financial services authority (OJK) No. 31/POJK.05/2016 on Venture had arranged that the financial services agency on the basis of the law of pledge is in coaching and supervision OJK. Yet the existence of laws – invitation to Governing Enterprise pawn shops causing business activities conducted by the above parties are not yet regulated. The condition is feared could cause harm to the consumer society. The purpose of this research is to know the procedures, mechanisms, protection of goods and guarantee the consumer on an informal pledge financing, methods of determination of the cost of maintenance of the goods and the goods of the execution mechanism of the pledge as well as protection for the collateral items are viewed from the side of the consumer by looking at laws-invitations and Sharia. To find out whether the pledge have gotten permission from OJK. This research uses qualitative research methods with the study of library research, field data and simulations. The approach used in this study is the empirical juridical approach. Elaboration upon the results is discussed further in this article.


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