ANALYSIS OF BUILDING DAMAGE CAUSED BY TSUNAMI AND DEVELOPMENT OF TSUNAMI FRAGILITY CURVES CONSIDERING THE BUILDING AGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. I_709-I_714
Author(s):  
Ryu MIYAMOTO ◽  
Anawat SUPPASRI ◽  
Fumihiko IMAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Building Damage ◽  
Tsunami Fragility

scholarly journals Developing tsunami fragility curves based on the satellite remote sensing and the numerical modeling of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Thailand

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Suppasri ◽  
S. Koshimura ◽  
F. Imamura
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Inundation Depth ◽  
High Resolution Satellite Images ◽  
Tsunami Fragility

Abstract. The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami damaged and destroyed numerous buildings and houses in Thailand. Estimation of tsunami impact to buildings from this event and evaluation of the potential risks are important but still in progress. The tsunami fragility curve is a function used to estimate the structural fragility against tsunami hazards. This study was undertaken to develop fragility curves using visual inspection of high-resolution satellite images (IKONOS) taken before and after tsunami events to classify whether the buildings were destroyed or not based on the remaining roof. Then, a tsunami inundation model is created to reconstruct the tsunami features such as inundation depth, current velocity, and hydrodynamic force of the event. It is assumed that the fragility curves are expressed as normal or lognormal distribution functions and the estimation of the median and log-standard deviation is performed using least square fitting. From the results, the developed fragility curves for different types of building materials (mixed type, reinforced concrete and wood) show consistent performance in damage probability and when compared to the existing curves for other locations.

scholarly journals Developing Tsunami fragility curves using remote sensing and survey data of the 2010 Chilean Tsunami in Dichato

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2689-2697 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Mas ◽  
S. Koshimura ◽  
A. Suppasri ◽  
M. Matsuoka ◽  
M. Matsuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
South American ◽  
Survey Team ◽  
Inundation Depth ◽  
Structural Fragility ◽  
Tsunami Fragility ◽  
Chilean Tsunami ◽  
The Town

Abstract. On 27 February 2010, a megathrust earthquake of Mw = 8.8 generated a destructive tsunami in Chile. It struck not only Chilean coast but propagated all the way to Japan. After the event occurred, the post-tsunami survey team was assembled, funded by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), to survey the area severely affected by the tsunami. The tsunami damaged and destroyed numerous houses, especially in the town of Dichato. In order to estimate the structural fragility against tsunami hazard in this area, tsunami fragility curves were developed. Surveyed data of inundation depth and visual inspection of satellite images of Dichato were used to classify the damage to housing. A practical method suitable when there are limitations on available data for numerical simulation or damage evaluation from surveys is presented here. This study is the first application of tsunami fragility curves on the South American Pacific coast and it might be of practical use for communities with similar characteristics along the west Pacific coast. The proposed curve suggests that structures in Dichato will be severely damaged – with a 68% probability – already at 2 m tsunami inundation depth.

scholarly journals Developing fragility functions for the areas affected by the 2009 Samoa earthquake and tsunami

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
H. Gokon ◽  
S. Koshimura ◽  
K. Imai ◽  
M. Matsuoka ◽  
Y. Namegaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Hydrodynamic Force ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Building Damage ◽  
Fragility Functions ◽  
Tsunami Propagation ◽  
Tsunami Inundation ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
High Resolution Satellite Images ◽  
Tsunami Fragility

Abstract. Fragility functions in terms of flow depth, flow velocity and hydrodynamic force are developed to evaluate structural vulnerability in the areas affected by the 2009 Samoa earthquake and tsunami. First, numerical simulations of tsunami propagation and inundation are conducted to reproduce the features of tsunami inundation. To validate the results, flow depths measured in field surveys and waveforms measured by Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis (DART) gauges are utilized. Next, building damage is investigated by manually detecting changes between pre- and post-tsunami high-resolution satellite images. Finally, the data related to tsunami features and building damage are integrated using GIS, and tsunami fragility functions are developed based on the statistical analyses.

scholarly journals Characteristics of building fragility curves for seismic and non-seismic tsunamis: case studies of the 2018 Sunda Strait, 2018 Sulawesi-Palu and 2004 Indian Ocean tsunamis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Lahcene ◽  
Ioanna Ioannou ◽  
Anawat Suppasri ◽  
Kwanchai Pakoksung ◽  
Ryan Paulik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Building Damage ◽  
Wave Period ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Flow Depth ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
Damage Probability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Banda Aceh

Abstract. Indonesia has experienced several recent tsunamis triggered by seismic as well as non-seismic (i.e., landslides) sources. These events damaged or destroyed coastal buildings and infrastructure, and caused considerable loss of life. The impact of tsunami characteristics on structural components can be represented by fragility curves. These cumulative distribution functions express the likelihood of a structure reaching or exceeding a damage state in response to a tsunami hazard intensity measure. Using numerical simulations and post-tsunami observations, we successfully reproduce the hydrodynamic features of the 2018 Sunda Strait and 2018 Sulawesi-Palu tsunamis for the first time. We then compare non-seismic building fragility curves from these events with the ones of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami (IOT) to provide a novel understanding of wave period, ground shaking and liquefaction impacts on the structural performance of buildings. Below 5-m flow depth, the 2004 IOT in Khao Lak/Phuket (Thailand), characterized by long wave period due to its seismic source, induces larger damage to buildings than the 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami, triggered by a landslide. We also note that for 4-m flow depth, the building damage probability is almost twice less in Khao Lak/Phuket than in Banda Aceh, where ground motion has been reported before the tsunami arrival. In addition, liquefaction events can cause significant building damage as in Palu, where constructions have been considerably affected by this phenomenon due to the 2018 Sulawesi earthquake. Below 2-m flow depth, the damage probability is greater in Palu than in the Sunda Strait but also in Banda Aceh, although this city has been affected by ground shaking, and then struck by the longer wave period of the IOT.

Lessons from the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami Disaster

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunichi Koshimura ◽  
◽  
Satomi Hayashi ◽  
Hideomi Gokon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Hydrodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Flow Depth ◽  
The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Tsunami Disaster ◽  
Tsunami Fragility

Based on a comprehensive study of the lessons from the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami that devastatedmuch of the northeast Japan (Tohoku), we discuss insights into reconstruction and tsunamiresilient communities. Through field measurement, remote sensing, and numerical modeling approaches with spatial information sciences, we clarified the hydrodynamic characteristics of the tsunami inundation flow, the tsunami fragility curves. As observed in devastated areas and the analysis of the tsunami fragility curves, buildings were especially vulnerable when the local flow depth exceeded 2 m, while a 6 m flow depth would cause everything to be washed away. The findings and results lead to implications for land use management and relocation planning for reconstructing tsunami-resilient coastal communities. As a case study, we conducted the numerical tsunami modeling in Sendai city to evaluate the performance of the reconstruction plan based on the land use and coastal protection scenarios.

Reliability of Bridges under Tsunami Hazards: Emphasis on the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 295-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuyoshi Akiyama ◽  
Dan M. Frangopol ◽  
Megumi Arai ◽  
Shunichi Koshimura
Keyword(s):  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Tsunami Hazard ◽  
Reliability Estimation ◽  
Probabilistic Estimation ◽  
Tsunami Risk ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Tsunami Fragility ◽  
Bridge Failure ◽  
Damage Investigation

The probabilistic estimation of tsunami impact on bridges and the evaluation of potential tsunami risk are important topics, but they are still in very early stages of development. First, this paper presents the damage of bridges during the great Tohoku-oki earthquake and giant tsunami of 11 March 2011 based on the field damage investigation. The damage conditions and the possible failure mechanisms of bridges due to tsunami are particularly discussed. Second, tsunami fragility curves are presented. Empirical tsunami fragility curves based on the utilization of damage data associated with past tsunami disasters have been developed. In this paper, the tsunami fragility curves are established based on simulations. Bridge failure probability can be estimated using the tsunami hazard and fragility curves. Finally, an illustrative example of the reliability estimation of a bridge exposed to tsunami hazard is presented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document