scholarly journals A rare interesting case of fatal air embolism after intravenous contrast during computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
Naved Y. Hasan ◽  
Asiah Salem Rugaan
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
Pulseless Electrical Activity ◽  
Air Embolism ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Intravenous Contrast ◽  
Shock State ◽  
Tomography Scan

We are reporting a fatal case of air embolism. Although minor cases of air embolism may go unnoticed, this is a case of fatal air embolism after intravenous entry of air, which presented with sudden onset of pulseless electrical activity during a computed tomography scan in the radiology department, requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation for 15 min. Subsequently, after admission to the intensive care unit, we achieved return of spontaneous circulation. The patient was intubated and ventilated in a shock state. He remained in refractory shock despite of supportive care. Cardiaс arrest was registered again in the catheterization lab and the patient could not be revived after 4 h from the initial cardiac arrest. А computed tomography scan was reported to reveal a significant amount of intra-cardiac air, which was the likely cause patient’s death. The case is a rare condition, which highlights the importance of early diagnosis and delivers a message to the medical staff to have a high index of suspicion in patients who have risk factors, and who develop sudden shock with hypoxemia, in order to treat this potentially life-threatening condition effectively in a timely manner.

scholarly journals The first experience of partial spleen embolization for the correction of thrombocytopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
A. V. Shabunin ◽  
V. V. Bedin ◽  
P. A. Drozdov ◽  
O. N. Levina ◽  
V. A. Tsurkan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Intravenous Contrast ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Tomography Scan

Aim. To assess the efficacy and safety of interventional endovascular partial spleen embolization for the correction of thrombocytopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis.Material and methods. From September 2019 to March 2020, 5 partial spleen embolizations were performed at the surgical clinic of the Botkin Hospital. The indication was the impossibility of conducting courses of regional chemotherapy for primary liver cancer in 2 patients with cirrhosis, portal hypertension, hypersplenism, thrombocytopenia, in 3 patients – the impossibility of conducting adequate antiviral therapy with cirrhosis as a result of chronic viral hepatitis C. The platelet count was < 25 thousand/μl (19.34 ± 1.34 thousand/μl) in all patients at the time of the procedure. The median spleen volume was 1967.54 ± 476.13 (1324.34–2163.54) cm3 . We used Progreat® Terumo 2.8 Fr microcatheter 130 cm for catheterization branches of the splenic artery. Endovascular embolization was performed with microspheres 600 ± 75 nm – 2 ml before occlusion. Computed tomography scan of abdominal cavity with intravenous contrast enhancement and laboratory test of platelet levels were performed. Follow up of patients was carried out at 1, 3 and 6 months after this intervention.Results. The postoperative period in all patients was uncomplicated. Postembolization syndrome (pain, hyperthermia) developed in the early postoperative period in all patients on the next day after the procedure. Computed tomography scan of the abdominal cavity revealed areas of an irregular shape of low density that did not accumulate a contrast agent. The duration of hospitalization was 7.63 ± 3.32 (5–11) days. There were not in-hospital and 30-day mortality in our study.Conclusion. The first experience of endovascular partial spleen embolization showed its safety and efficacy in the correction of thrombocytopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis.

scholarly journals Rapidly Growing Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Presenting as an Irreducible Umbilical Hernia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Deepti M. Reddi ◽  
Kathryn P. Scherpelz ◽  
Angelica Lerma ◽  
Jabi Shriki ◽  
Jeffrey Virgin
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Umbilical Hernia ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Intravenous Contrast ◽  
Hernia Sac ◽  
Occult Malignancy ◽  
Noncontrast Computed Tomography ◽  
Tomography Scan

Hernia sacs are a common anatomic pathology specimen, which rarely contain malignancy. We present a case of rapidly growing pancreatic adenocarcinoma, which initially presented as metastasis to an umbilical hernia sac. The patient was a 55-year-old male with a two-year history of umbilical hernia. Two months prior to herniorrhaphy, the hernia became painful and the patient experienced nausea and weight loss. The gross examination did not reveal distinct lesions. Microscopically, the hernia sac was diffusely infiltrated by moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, which was positive for CK7 and pancytokeratin and negative for TTF-1, CK20, PSA, and CDX2. Clinical laboratory tests found elevated levels of CA 19-9 and CEA. Computed tomography scan with intravenous contrast showed a 5 cm ill-defined and hypoattenuating mass involving the pancreatic tail and body, as well as numerous ill-defined lesions in the liver and peritoneal carcinomatosis. The patient had an earlier noncontrast computed tomography scan four months prior to the surgery, which did not detect any lesions in the abdomen. This case highlights the importance of intravenous contrast with computed tomography for the evaluation of pancreatic lesions and also emphasizes the importance of thorough histologic evaluation of hernia sacs for the detection of occult malignancy.

scholarly journals Evaluation of scatter radiation to the thyroid gland attributable to brain computed tomography scan in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2530
Author(s):  
Ebbi D. Robinson ◽  
Christian C. Nzotta ◽  
Uwa Onwuchekwa
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cervical Vertebra ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Brain Computed Tomography ◽  
Tomography Scan

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is an axial imaging modality that uses X-ray. The study is to determine the amount of X-radiation that reaches the thyroid glands during brain CT.Methods: A prospective study was carried out in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital’s Radiology Department with 60 participants sent for brain CT scan. A 64 slice helical GE Optima CT machine was used while radiation dose reaching the thyroid gland was measured with themoluminiscent dosimeter (TLD) chips (TLD LiF-100). The TLD chip was placed on the anterior aspects of the neck at the level of 6th cervical vertebra (C6) and held in place with adhesive tapes. The TLD chip was later sent to the radiation dosimetric laboratory for reading. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS windows version 22.0 statistical software. A descriptive statistical tool was used to determine central tendencies. Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis models were also used to evaluate correlation between variables.Results: The mean (±SD) CTDI, DLP and brain Effective Dose were 37.265±13.098mGy, 662.451±230.782mGy-cm and 1.667±0.603mSv respectively. The Scatter X-Radiation reaching the thyroid gland and resultant Effective Dose were 5.26±3.13mSv and 0.26±0.16mSv respectively. A positive correlation between brain and thyroid gland effective doses yielded a Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) of 0.892 within a confidence interval of 0.01 (p value of 0.01) showing significant correlation.Conclusions: The amount of radiation received by the thyroid gland during brain computed tomography scan is significant. Therefore, it is pertinent to protect the thyroid gland during the procedure.

Evaluation of Computed Tomography Scan of Brain in Pediatric Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3433-3434
Author(s):  
Mahwash Mansoor ◽  
Rizwana Rahman Bazai
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Pathology ◽  
Sick Children ◽  
Tomography Scan

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of computed tomography in pediatric patients referred to radiology department for computed tomography scan brain Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Radiology Department, Sandmen Provincial Hospital Quetta form 1st January 2018 to 30th March 2018. Methodology: Sixty pediatric patients included in the study who referred from Pediatric OPD for computed tomography scan of brain. Patients with trauma were excluded while all other patient’s age between 1 month to 4 years were included. Findings were divided with normal and abnormal findings. Results: Twenty five (41.7%) were boys and 35 (58.3%) were girls. Only 25% were negative and 75% were positive and showed significant pathology. Major complaint was fits accompanied with fever and unconsciousness was also one of the reasons. Conclusion: Computed tomography scan is quick and now-a-days with easy access it is an effective diagnostic method in sick children with cases of neurological disease in spite of its radiation exposure child. Key word: Computed tomography (CT), Effectiveness, Children

scholarly journals Aortoenteric Fistulae: Present-Day Management

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Xiromeritis ◽  
Ilias Dalainas ◽  
Michalis Stamatakos ◽  
Konstantinos Filis
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Endovascular Repair ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Aortoenteric Fistula ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Intravenous Contrast ◽  
Safe Method ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities ◽  
Tomography Scan

Abstract An aortoenteric fistula (AEF) is a communication between the aorta and an adjacent loop of the bowel. The three most useful diagnostic modalities for detecting AEF are abdominal computed tomography scan with intravenous contrast, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and arteriography. The treatment of AEFs has improved in recent years, but despite the multiple surgical techniques reported, many of the patients do not survive or are left debilitated after treatment. Endovascular repair is an efficient and safe method to stabilize patients with life-threatening AEFs. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive and synthetic review of the latest advantages on the diagnosis and management of primary and secondary AEF.

scholarly journals Frequency of Epidural hematoma in different ages due to road traffic accidents on Computed Tomography scan brain.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (09) ◽  
pp. 1576-1579
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adil Riaz ◽  
Anwaar Hussain ◽  
Habib Ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Aaqib Riaz ◽  
Irfan Ahmed Mughal
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Epidural Hematoma ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Tomography Scan

Road traffic accidents are quite common in developing countries like Pakistan and mainly affect middle aged men. Objectives: To determine the frequency of epidural hematoma in different ages due to road traffic accidents on Computed Tomography scan brain. Study Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Setting: Emergency Radiology Department, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. Period: August 2017 to November 2017. Material & Methods: One hundred fifteen patients were selected who visited to emergency due to road traffic accidents. The individuals with head injury bearing hematoma were included. Axial computed tomography scan brain without contrast was performed. The frequency of epidural hematoma in different ages was determined. Result: Total one hundred fifteen patients were enrolled in the study; epidural hematomas were 49 (42.60%) while no epidural hematomas were 66(57.39%). Out of 49 epidural hematoma cases males were 38(77.55%) and females were 11 (22.45%) with a mean age of 19 years with a range of 2-55 ± 9.59 years. All the individuals with head injury were categorized into three groups. The frequency of epidural hematoma in different ages was 75.51% (15-44 years) followed by 20.40% (<14years) and then 4.08% in (>45years). Conclusion: It was concluded from this study that epidural hematoma determined by computed tomography scan brain is more frequent in middle age.

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