scholarly journals MEASUREMENT OF DISSOLVED INORGANIC NUTRIENT IN EUPHOTIC ZONE THE BANTEN BAY

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225
Author(s):  
Alianto Alianto ◽  
Enan M. Adiwilaga ◽  
Ario Damar ◽  
Enang Harris

At a few this last years, measurement concentration of dissolved inorganic nutrient is has rapidlyed grow by using various methods. But method anything applied must based on at formation of indicator end of measurement amonia, nitrite, nitrate, orthophosphate and silicate. At measurement of amonia its indicator is formation of blue indophenol, nitrite formation of pink azo, nitrate formation of yellow colored solution, orthophosphate formation of blue molybdenum, and silicate based on formation of yellows silicomolibdate. The intensity of color that is highly dependent on the concentration of each element. Measurement of amonia blue indophenol intensity perfected concentration in the range 0.206-0.396 mg/L. Measurement nitrite the formation of a pink azo easy imperfect because its low concentration. Intensity measurements nitrate solution yellow perfect concentration in the range 0.128-0.989 mg/L. Measurement of imperfect blue molybdenum intensity orthophosphate because its low concentration. While measuring the formation silicate of yellow silicomolibdate  perfect concentration on the range 10.573-26.470 mg/L. As a whole from result of measurement is obtained chemical composition of dissolved inorganic nutrient in euphotic zone the Banten bay is more predominated by silicate 97.27%, nitrate 1.84%, amonia 0.49%, orthophosphate 0.20%, and nitrite 0.18%.   Keywords: blue indophenol, pink azo, yellow solution, blue molybdenum, yellow silicomolibdate

1988 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 2506-2511
Author(s):  
Baldwin Leong ◽  
Martin Pope ◽  
Joseph Steigman

2019 ◽  
Vol 967 ◽  
pp. 179-188
Author(s):  
Mohamad Padri ◽  
Mohamed Sahrul Tamzil

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment have been intensively studied recently. These compounds can cause serious problem in environment. Intake of these compounds in low concentration can threat human health due to its reactivity and chemical composition. Occurrences of PPCPs in environments are important to recognize in order to draw broad understanding on which mitigation of PPCPs can be deliberated. This review provides general information about occurrence of PPCPs. Moreover, sources of PPCPs in the environment are comprehensively explained. The fate and transport mechanisms of PPCPs are summarized based on important studies of selected groups of PPCPs which conducted through years based on several previous study cases are mentioned and elaborated to pinpoint the existence of these pollutants. In the end, identification of the current research limitation and further recommendations are proposed for improving mitigation process and addressing further research.


Irriga ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Tamara Maria Gomes ◽  
João Carlos Cury Saad ◽  
Raimundo Leite Cruz ◽  
Carlos Tadeu dos Santos Dias

AVALIAÇÃO DA CONCENTRAÇÃO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE NITRITO, AMÔNIO E NITRATO PROVENIENTES DA URÉIA APLICADA VIA SISTEMA DE IRRIGAÇÃO POR GOTEJAMENTO[1]  Tamara Maria GomesBolsista do CNPq, Av. Independência 1592. CEP: 13416-225. Piracicaba-SP João Carlos Cury SaadRaimundo Leite CruzDepartamento de Engenharia Rural. FCA-UNESP,  Cx: 237, CEP: 18.603-970, Botucatu Carlos Tadeu dos Santos DiasDepartamento de Matemática e Estatística ESALQ-USP, Cx: 09, CEP: 13418-900, Piracicaba  1 RESUMO O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental de irrigação do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP/Câmpus de Botucatu, com o objetivo de avaliar a concentração e distribuição de amônio, nitrito e  nitrato provenientes do fertilizante uréia em um sistema de irrigação localizada por gotejamento.As amostras de solução do solo foram coletadas nas profundidades de 25, 50 e 75cm em ambos os lados do gotejador (lado esquerdo e direito) com o uso de cápsulas porosas e as concentrações de amônio, nitrito e nitrato existentes  foram determinadas em laboratório, utilizando um espectômetro de fluxo contínuo.A adubação via fertirrigação foi realizada com uréia nas doses de 0, 30 e 60 kg de N..ha-1 em três épocas de aplicação, com.a finalidade de estimar a concentração de nitrato, nitrito e amônio após a ultima fertirrigação.   Os valores da concentração de amônio e nitrito encontrados nas amostras de solução do solo nos diferentes tratamentos, profundidades e bulbos não atingiram,  na maioria das avaliações, teores utilizados como padrão (> 0,2 mg.L-1 e > 0,05mg.L-1, respectivamente). As concentrações de nitrato na solução do solo para as doses de nitrogênio avaliadas  nas três profundidades (25, 50 e 75 cm) estudadas não apresentaram diferença significativa, entretanto a concentração de nitrato em relação a posição do gotejador no sentido do fluxo da água foi estatisticamente maior no lado esquerdo, em virtude da declividade do terreno.A baixa concentração de nitrato encontrada na solução do solo por aplicação de uréia, sugere a realização de outros estudos a respeito da concentração e caminhamento do nitrato no solo com o tempo. Para isso recomenda-se um tempo de espera para a coleta de amostras de solução do solo em torno de 30 a 40 dias após aplicação do fertilizante. Outro fator a ser considerado é com relação a instalação dos extratores de cápsulas porosas, que deve ser realizada pouco tempo (1 a 2 dias) antes das amostragens, evitando obstruções das mesmas. UNITERMO: amônio, nitrito, nitrato, fertirigação, gotejamento, cápsula porosa.  GOMES, T. M., SAAD, J. C. C., CRUZ, R. L., DIAS, C.T. dos S. Evaluation of the concentration and distribution of nitrite, ammonium e nitrate deriving from the urea applied through trickle irrigation system  2 ABSTRACT This experiment was conducted in the experimental irrigation area of the Department of Rural Engineering of the Faculty of Agronomicae Sciences - UNESP/ Campus of Botucatu, with the objective of evaluating the concentration and distribution of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate deriving from the fertilizer urea in a trickle irrigation localized system.The samples of the soil solution were collected at depths of 25, 50 and 75 cm on both sides of the trickle (left and right side) using porous capsules and the existing concentrations of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate were determined in the laboratory, using a spectrophotometer of continuous flow.The application of fertilizer through fertigation was done with urea in the levels of 0, 30 and 60 kg of N.ha-1 in three times of application, with the aim to estimate the concentration of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium after the last fertigation.The values of the concentrations of ammonium and nitrite found in the samples of the soil solution in the different treatments, depths and bulbs did not reach, in most of the evaluations, contents utilized as standard (>0.2 mg.L-1 and >0.05 mg.L-1,  respectively). The concentrations of nitrate in the soil solution for the levels of nitrogen evaluated at the three depths (25, 50 and 75 cm) studied did not show significative difference, although the concentration of nitrate in relation to the position of the trickle in the direction of the water flow was statistically higher on the left side, due to the slope of the soil.The low concentration of nitrate found in the soil solution due to urea application, suggest the accomplishment of other studies involving the concentration and nitrate movement in the soil with the time. Therefore, we recommend a waiting period for the collection of the samples of the soil solution of about 30 to 40 days after the fertilizer application. Another factor to be considered is the installation of extractor of porous capsules, that must be done shortly after (1 to 2 days) the collection of samples, avoiding obstructions in the porous capsules. KEI-WORDS: ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, fertigation, trickle irrigation system, porous capsules.[1] Parte da dissertação do primeiro autor


Author(s):  
Sujoy Biswas ◽  
V. H. Rupawate ◽  
M.L. Sahu

In this paper, recovery of uranium from carbonate ore leach solution has been reported using a novel precipitation method. The method is based on the precipitation of uranium as yellow color magnesium diuranate (MDU) using MgO/NaOH mixture. The process has been finalized by optimizing various process parameters such as concentration of CO32-, HCO3-, HCl, NaOH, MgO and reaction temperature. The overall recovery of uranium was 97%. The chemical composition of the yellow precipitate (MDU) was evaluated employing XRD technique. A process flow-sheet has been developed for recovery of U(VI) from low concentration carbonate ore leach solution.


1986 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan J. Paul ◽  
Peter M. A. Sherwood

X-ray photoelectron and infrared spectroscopy have been used to investigate the chemical composition of some ammonium uranates, all of which were prepared by the direct titration of uranyl nitrate solution with ammonia. Some correlation is found between the U(4f) binding energy and the pH of the solution used to prepare the uranates, and the v3 asymmetric stretching frequency for the uranyl (UO22+) ion. All samples showed the presence of ammonium ions and possibly two types of hydroxide species. Strong retention of nitrate ions was also observed for all samples.


2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Reymov Akhmed ◽  
Namazov Shafoat

Abstract This article presents obtaining of nitrogen-phosphate fertilizers by reacting ordinary phosphate powder from Central Kyzylkum (Uzbekistan) with 70-90% ammonium nitrate solution at 100ºС. Chemical composition of the fertilizers was determined fully. Relevant consistence of acceptable forms of Р2О5 and СаО in the product extremely decreased by the increase of amount of phosphate raw material (PRM) in reaction mixture. The addition of phosphate additive into ammonium nitrate solution significantly increases toughness of ammonium nitrate granules and their growth velocity proportionally by phosphate powder added. Herewith, initial concentration of ammonium nitrate did not effect practically on the granule’s toughness. It is described that, phosphate additive decreases the speed of solubility of ammonium nitrate granules almost up to 1.83 times. On our opinion, decrease of fertilizer solubility is the result of growing phosphorite share in the products. The more is the phosphorite share, the more slowly dissolution process of the fertilizer granule does occur.


2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 3675-3680
Author(s):  
Yi Li Li ◽  
Jing Tian ◽  
Wen Jun Liang ◽  
Hong He ◽  
Yu Quan Jin

Activated carbon derived from sewage sludge was impregnated in nitrate solution to produce a sorbent for sulfur dioxide adsorption at low concentration. The sulfur dioxide capacity was measured according to a laboratory-designed breakthrough test. After adsorption experiments on sulfur dioxide, desulfurizer JZ-Ni was chosen as the optimal sorbent owing to its largest sulfur dioxide capacity 57.6 mg•g-1 and the highest BET 210.3031 m2•g -1. The effects of a few conditions on SO2 removal behavior of the sorbent were studied. The results show that the sorbent JZ-Ni under the best conditions of 5714 mg•m-3 inlet SO2 concentration, 2000h-1 space velocity and 393K desulfurization temperature, 0.3 mm particle diameter in steam has the maximum breakthrough sulfur dioxide capacity 58.2 mg•g-1 .


1968 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Waite

SummaryThe milk produced by old cows frequently contains a lower concentration of solids-not-fat (S.N.F.) than that of young cows, mainly because of a low concentration of lactose. This can result from mastitis or possibly from other factors associated with ageing. The composition of the milk of 2 groups of old cows has been compared with that of substantially disease-free first-lactation cows. A comparison has also been made between the milk from the 4 quarters of each cow.The first part of the work was done with 8 old cows and 4 first-lactation cows, and the milk was examined bacteriologically, cytologically and chemically at frequent intervals throughout the lactation. There was strong evidence that most of the difference in chemical composition of the milk of the old cows compared with that of the young cows was the result of mastitis, mainly subclinical. The milk from the old cows had a higher incidence of infection, a lower concentration of lactose and casein, higher concentrations of serum albumins, globulins and proteose-peptones and contained more total and polymorph cells. There was also some indication of another effect, not directly associated with disease in the current lactation, that led to a decrease in the lactose concentration of the milk of the old cows after about 80–90 days in lactation.In the second part of the work, the milk from 23 old and 8 first-lactation cows in 8 commercial herds was examined twice, once after 58 and again after 163 days in lactation. Milk of abnormal composition as a result of disease was produced by 30% of the quarters of the old cows at the first examination and by 62% of the quarters at the second examination.Some indication is given of the probable loss of milk and milk constituents that can be attributed to disease.


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