scholarly journals Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Munronia Genus (Meliaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1586
Author(s):  
Kindi Farabi ◽  
Unang Supratman
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Tropical Area

Munronia is a genus in the Meliaceae family, which consists of over 17 species that are distributed in the subtropical and tropical area of Asia, including southern China, Vietnam, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, India, Indonesia, and the Philippines. It is known that these plants contain valuable bioactive compounds. Since the first isolation of new stigmastane steroid was reported in 2003, researchers have been able to study the chemical composition of these plants, especially the largest secondary metabolite obtained, limonoid. About 97 compounds were isolated successfully and characterized. The reported compounds showed various biological activities, such as antifeedant, antimicrobial, antiangiogenic, cytotoxic against several cancer cell lines, inducing apoptosis, and anti-tobacco mosaic virus activities. Therefore, the results suggest that the use of this plant as a source of bioactive compounds is promising for the medicinal chemistry field.

scholarly journals Synthesis and biological activity of 1,4-pentadien-3-one derivatives containing triazine scaffolds

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. e3
Author(s):  
Xu Tang ◽  
Mei Chen ◽  
Jun He ◽  
Shijun Su ◽  
Rongjiao Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Half Maximal Effective Concentration ◽  
Triazine Derivatives ◽  
Virus Coat

Background Literatures revealed that 1,4-pentadien-3-one and triazine derivatives exhibited a wide variety of biological activities. In order to develop highly bioactive molecules, in this study, a series of novel 1,4-pentadien-3-one derivatives containing triazine moieties were synthesized and their antibacterial and antiviral activities were investigated. Methods A series of novel 1,4-pentadien-3-one derivatives containing triazine moieties were synthesized and characterized in detail via 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS spectra. The antibacterial activities against Xanthomonas axonopodispv. citri (Xac), Xanthomonas oryzaepv. oryzae (Xoo) and Ralstonia solanacearum (R.s) were evaluated at 100 and 50 µg/mL using a turbidimeter and N. tabacun L. leaves under the same age as that of test subjects. The curative, protective and inactivation activities against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) at a concentration of 500 µg/mL were evaluated via the half-leaf blight spot method. Results The bioassay results showed that some of the target compounds exhibited fine antibacterial activities against Xac and R.s. Particularly, half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values of some target compounds against R.s are visibly better than that of the positive control bismerthiazol (BT). Notably, compound 4a showed excellent inactivation activity against TMV with a EC50 value of 12.5 µg/mL, which was superior to that ofningnanmycin (NNM,13.5 µg/mL). Besides, molecular docking studies for 4awith tobacco mosaic virus coat protein (TMV-CP) showed that the compound was embedded well in the pocket between the two subunits of TMV-CP. These findings indicate that 1,4-pentadien-3-one derivatives containing triazine moieties may be potential antiviral and antibacterial agents.

scholarly journals Taxonomische Notizen zur Gattung Campylopus XV.

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
Jan-Peter Frahm
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Southern China ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Se Asia

88.Campylopus hildebrandtii (C. Müll.) Jaeg. is reported as new to Ethiopia. 89. The combination Campylopus flexuosus (Hedw.) Brid. var. incacorralis (Herz.) J.-P. Frahm is validated. 90. Campylopus sedgwickii Dix., a species hitherto regarded as endemic to Sri Lanka, is recognized as a synonymous with C. recurvus (Mitt.) Jaeg. 91. The Campylopus fragilis complex in SE-.Asia has been revised. It consists of C.. fragilis (Brid.) B.S.G. in southern China, C. goughii (Mitt.) Jaeg. occurring from southern India to Sikkim and Bhutan and C. zollingerianus (C. Müll.) Bosch & Lac. occurring from Indonesia to the Philippines and also in Hawaii. Campylopus zollingerianus has proved to be the legitimate name for C. boswelii (C. Müll.) Par. and C. crispifolius Bartr. and not for C. goughii. All three species are distinguished mainly by the shape of the upper laminal cells only and accordingly, C. goughii and C. zollingerianus are placed as geographical vicariant races as subspecies to C. fragilis.

Address of the President Professor A. L. Hodgkin at the Anniversary Meeting, 30 November 1971

1971 ◽  
Vol 326 (1564) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Crystalline Forms ◽  
Outstanding Work

The Copley Medal is awarded to Mr N. W. Pirie , F.R.S. for his outstanding work on the nature of viruses. Pirie discovered the chemical composition of viruses and his work transformed ideas about their morphology and method of multiplication. He was the first to show that nucleic acid is a necessary component of a virus and, at a time when tobacco mosaic virus was thought to be a crystalline globulin, he made liquid crystalline preparations of several strains which he correctly identified as nucleoproteins containing 0.5 % ribose nucleic acid. He then generalized his discovery by isolating several other viruses, with widely different stabilities and other properties, in crystalline or liquid crystalline forms, and by showing that all contained nucleic acid, but in amounts and held in ways that differed characteristically in different viruses.

scholarly journals Перспективные подвои для повышения урожая и качества томата в теплицах

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.A. Karimov ◽  
E.E. Lyan ◽  
R.F. Mavlyanova ◽  
M.Kh. Aramov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Fruit Weight

Представлена информация о новом направлении в выращивании овощебахчевых культур вегетативной прививке. Показано, что при использовании этого метода на томате для каждого сорта выделяются линии, обеспечивающие наибольшие показатели повышения товарной урожайности, средней массы плода, нескольких компонентов химического состава, а также комплексной устойчивости к вирусу табачной мозаики, бурой пятнистости и фузариозному увяданию.The article describes a new direction in the cultivation of vegetable and melon crops vegetative grafting. It is shown that when using this method on tomato, for each variety, lines are allocated that provide the highest indicators of increasing commodity yield, average fruit weight, several components of chemical composition, as well as complex resistance to tobacco mosaic virus, brown spotting and Fusarium wilting.

scholarly journals Diversity of endophytic fungi from the root bark of Syzygium zeylanicum, and the antibacterial activity of fungal extracts, and secondary metabolite

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syarifah Syarifah ◽  
Elfita Elfita ◽  
HARY WIDJAJANTI ◽  
ARUM SETIAWAN ◽  
ALFIA R. KURNIAWATI
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Fungal Extracts

Abstract. Syarifah, Elfita, Widjajanti H, Setiawan A, Kurniawati AR. 2021. Diversity of endophytic fungi from the root bark of Syzygium zeylanicum, and the antibacterial activity of fungal extracts, and secondary metabolite. Biodiversitas 22: 4572-4582. The decoction of the root bark of Syzygium zeylanicum has been used as traditional medicine, such as for treating pathogenic bacterial infections. Endophytic fungi that live in medicinal plant tissues have a high species diversity and biological activities correlate with their host. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the diversity of endophytic fungi from the root bark of S. zeylanicum and to determine the antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi and their secondary metabolites. In this study, we isolate and identify the endophytic fungi from the root bark of S. zeylanicum, continued by screening their antibacterial activity against two Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli InaCCB5 and Salmonella thypi ATCC1048 and two Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus InaCCB4 and Bacillus subtilis InaCCB1204) by the Kirby-Bauer method. The fungal extract with the highest antibacterial activity proceeded with the isolation and determination of the structure of their bioactive compounds. The isolates were morphologically identified. Isolates that showed strong antibacterial activity were identified by molecular identification. Isolation of bioactive compounds was carried out by chromatographic techniques and the determination of the structure of pure chemical compounds was performed by the spectroscopic analysis. In total, there were 8 isolates of endophytic fungi were obtained from the root bark of S. zeylanicum, namely SZR1 – SZR8. SZR2 isolate has the highest antibacterial activity. Molecular identification through phylogenetic analysis showed that SZR2 isolate had high similarity with Penicillium brefeldianum. Isolation of bioactive compounds from SZR2 produced compound 1 in the form of light yellow crystals which showed strong antibacterial activity against S. typhi, E. coli, and B. subtilis with MIC values of 64 g/mL. Compound 1 was identified as p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, which was also obtained in its host. In conclusion, the endophytic fungus Penicillium brefeldianum produces similar secondary metabolites and antibacterial activity as its host plant.

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