On the Orientalism and Neo-Orientalism in Ayad Akhtar’s Disgraced: Analysis on the Dynamics of Amir and Emily’s Relationship

This study analyses the three essential elements of the interracial relationship between Amir and Emily in Ayad Akhtar’s Pulitzer Prize-winning play, Disgraced. They are: Emily’s painting of Amir, her husband, in the style of Portrait of Juan de Pareja by Diego Velázquez; Emily’s White Saviour Complex; and the violence she suffered in the hands of Amir. The first two parts of the analysis will utilise the combination of Identity Construction theory by Stuart Hall, Edward Said’s Orientalism, and the post 9/11 discourse of neo-Orientalism. The last part of the analysis will foreground the entire elements by utilising Stuart Hall’s theory of Articulation. It will be proved that Amir’s violence is an act of retaliation towards Emily’s domination over the production of his identity through representation and her influence in his crucial decisions concerning his relationship with his family. Emily’s victimisation and the emphasis on Amir’s ‘tribalistic bond’ risk a reductionist neo-Orientalist reading of the text. By acknowledging Emily’s White Saviour Complex, the text can be read as a re-articulation of the neo-Orientalist stereotypes of ‘barbaric brown man’ and ‘free white woman.’

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Quando eu sou o Outro: problemas de ethos e identidade no filme Pequeno Grande Homem

Texto Livre Linguagem e Tecnologia ◽

10.17851/1983-3652.11.2.1-17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Carlos Böes De Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Discourse Analysis ◽

Identity Construction ◽

North American ◽

Interdisciplinary Approach ◽

The Other ◽

French Studies ◽

The North ◽

Stuart Hall ◽

Tzvetan Todorov ◽

Arthur Penn

RESUMO: Este artigo pretende estudar a relação da construção do ethos e da identidade no personagem principal do filme Pequeno Grande Homem (Little Big Man, 1970) de Arthur Penn, além de salientar as representações do Outro (os nativos norte-americanos) na narrativa fílmica. Através de um encontro interdisciplinar entre componentes da Análise do discurso (AD), da linha francesa de Maingueneau, e os estudos culturais, propomos uma visão mais ampla sobre a questão do eu e do Outro no gênero de faroeste. Os referencias teóricos estão focados em Tzvetan Todorov e Stuart Hall, para analisarmos a questão do Outro, a cultura e a identidade. Para enveredarmos na temática do ethos, buscamos teorias do discurso baseadas nos estudos de Dominique Maingueneau, que, por sinal, pertencem à linha de pesquisa da AD de linha francesa. Pretendemos, através deste estudo, problematizar a questão do Outro, entendendo que o personagem principal do filme desconstrói um ethos pré-discursivo, estabelecido na cultura norte-americana, em que a tradição via o nativo como selvagem e bestial. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Pequeno Grande Homem; outro; ethos; identidade; faroeste. ABSTRACT: This paper intends to analyze the relation of ethos and identity construction in the protagonist of the film Little Big Man (Arthur Penn, 1970), besides stressing out the representations of the Other (the North American natives) in the filmic narrative. Through an interdisciplinary approach between components of the Discourse Analysis from the French studies of Maingueneau, and cultural studies, we propose a substantial vision about the matter of the other and I in the western genre. The theoretical references are focused on Tzvetan Todorov and Stuart Hall, to analyze the matter of the other, culture and identity. To analyze the discursive ethos, we relied on discourse theories based on the studies of Dominique Maingueneau, that, by the way, belong to the French Discourse Analysis. Through this study, we intend to problematize the issue of the other, understanding that the protagonist of the film deconstructs a pre-discursive ethos, established on the North American culture, where tradition saw the native as a savage. KEYWORDS: Little Big Man; other; ethos; identity; western.

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Identity Construction In Samuel Beckett’s Waiting For Godot

ATAVISME ◽

10.24257/atavisme.v16i2.88.129-140 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 129-140

Author(s):

Yusri Fajar

Keyword(s):

Social Construction ◽

Identity Construction ◽

Samuel Beckett ◽

The Other ◽

Large Community ◽

The Social ◽

Stuart Hall ◽

Waiting For Godot

This paper scrutinizes the formation of the identity of the characters in Samuel Beckett’s famous play Waiting for Godot. One of the characters whose identity is constructed is Godot, a mysterious absent figure. The other characters, such as Vladimir and Estragon actively construct Godot’s identity. Thus, the formation of identity cannot be separated from the social construction in which a lot of characteristics are attributed by the members of the large community. The theory of identity elaborated by Stuart Hall and Erikson is employed to examine the play. The study shows that Godot and other characters’ identity is unstable and fluid. The characteristics of their identity are ambiguous and even challenged. Abstrak: Artikel ini mengkaji pembentukan identitas karakter dalam drama terkenal Waiting for Godot karya Samuel Beckett. Salah satu karakter yang dikonstruksi identitasnya adalah Godot, sosok misterius yang tidak pernah muncul. Karakter lain, seperti Vladimir dan Estragon secara aktif mengonstruksi identitas Godot. Oleh sebab itu, pembentukan identitas tidak dapat dipisahkan dari konstruksi sosial yang dimasuki banyak karakteristik oleh anggota masyarakat luas. Teori identitas Stuart Hall dan Erikson digunakan untuk menganalisis drama tersebut. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa identitas Godot dan karakter lain tidak stabil dan cair. Karakteristik identitas mereka ambigu dan bahkan meragukan. Kata-Kata Kunci: identit; ambiguitas; Godot

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A Study on the Sociology of Pierre Bourdieu and Conducting Social Research with Gypsy / Roma Groups

JOURNAL OF GYPSY STUDIES ◽

10.33182/jgs.v1i1.528 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 31-47

Author(s):

Elif Gezgin ◽

Margaret Greenfields

Keyword(s):

Identity Construction ◽

Daily Living ◽

Social Research ◽

Essential Elements ◽

Relational Approach ◽

Social Facts ◽

Roma People ◽

Structural Impacts ◽

The Uk ◽

Agency And Structure

In social science discourse, the dichotomy between agency and structure tends to dominate debates pertaining to identity construction. When complex social facts are viewed through a simplistic prism of either individual activities or dominant structural impacts is likely to lead to a conclusion, - particularly when the subjects of research are members of communities at risk of vulnerability which are merely two-dimensional; omitting essential elements and interplays of circumstances, agency and structures which can rapidly shift dependent on both personal and external contexts and stressors. In this article, we discuss ways of utilising Pierre Bourdieu's theoretical model to explore the potential for creating a more nuanced theory of identity construction in the context of case studies focused on Gypsy/Roma(ni) people, whose identities depend both on internal identifications and those of the (dominant) groups with whom they live. We also aim to consider how in two widely contrasting international contexts – that of Roma people in Turkey and Gypsy/Traveller communities in the UK – use of Bourdieuian analysis provides appropriate tools that enable an analysis of daily living and the associated sense of active agency of these populations without minimising or excluding the structural effects which impact them. This approach enables a nuanced relational approach to understanding Gypsy/Roma(ni) groups’ identity construction in its entirety, whilst taking account of the specific geographical context in which the populations reside.

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UNBREAKABLE DONG NGUYEN: REAFFIRMING ASIAN-AMERICAN MASCULINITY IN THE SERIES UNBREAKABLE KIMMY SCHMIDT

International Review of Humanities Studies ◽

10.7454/irhs.v4i1.111 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tsamarah Augustina Setiaki ◽

Herlin Putri Indah Destari

Keyword(s):

Asian American ◽

White Woman ◽

Television Series ◽

Masculine Identity ◽

White Masculinity ◽

American Immigrant ◽

Asian American Men ◽

Interracial Relationship

Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt (2015) is an American sitcom that explores the Asian-American immigrant Dong as he seeks acceptance of his masculine identity in the society. While many studies have discussed the stereotypic perceptions of Asian-American men in television series, they scarcely analyze how the individuals attempt to reaffirm their own masculinity. Toward this end, this article aims to analyze how Dong as an Asian-American man expresses and reconstructs his masculinities. It examines Dong‟s character, his interracial relationship with a white woman, and his interracial competition with a white man by using Iwamoto and Liu‟s framework of Asianized and transgressive attributions. The analysis found that Dong embodies a multidimensional masculinity that is different from hegemonic white masculinity. As an Asian-American man, Dong appears to be creating a new, more flexible masculinity, one that is linked with certain feminine characteristics.

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Effective Clinical Interviewing

Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools ◽

10.1044/0161-1461.0904.265 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 265-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pauline T. Flynn

Keyword(s):

Family Members ◽

Essential Elements ◽

Speech Language Pathologist ◽

Lay Persons ◽

Clinical Interviewing ◽

Client Management

Speech, language, and hearing professionals rely on many individuals to provide information about a client. Management programs, in part, are devised, modified, and evaluated according to responses obtained from the client, family members, educators, and other professional and lay persons who have contact with the client. The speech-language pathologist has the responsibility of obtaining pertinent, complete, unbiased information about clients. This article provides an overview of the essential elements of an interview.

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Accent Policy and Accent Modification Enterprises as Potential Indicators of Intercultural Power Relations: A Call for an Updated Research Agenda

Perspectives on Global Issues in Communication Sciences and Related Disorders ◽

10.1044/gics3.1.22 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 22-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brynne D. Ovalle ◽

Rahul Chakraborty

Keyword(s):

International Relations ◽

Identity Construction ◽

Social Theory ◽

Power Relations ◽

Linguistic Diversity ◽

Cultural Organization ◽

Using Data ◽

The Individual ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

This article has two purposes: (a) to examine the relationship between intercultural power relations and the widespread practice of accent discrimination and (b) to underscore the ramifications of accent discrimination both for the individual and for global society as a whole. First, authors review social theory regarding language and group identity construction, and then go on to integrate more current studies linking accent bias to sociocultural variables. Authors discuss three examples of intercultural accent discrimination in order to illustrate how this link manifests itself in the broader context of international relations (i.e., how accent discrimination is generated in situations of unequal power) and, using a review of current research, assess the consequences of accent discrimination for the individual. Finally, the article highlights the impact that linguistic discrimination is having on linguistic diversity globally, partially using data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and partially by offering a potential context for interpreting the emergence of practices that seek to reduce or modify speaker accents.

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Abstract #826: Insulin Autoimmune Hypoglycemia—An Unusual Presentation in a White Woman

Endocrine Practice ◽

10.1016/s1530-891x(20)43670-5 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 20-21

Author(s):

Andrea Tom ◽

Ananda Basu

Keyword(s):

White Woman ◽

Unusual Presentation

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Chronic immobilization stress induces anxiety-related behaviors and affects brain essential minerals in male rats

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000682 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Zafer Sahin ◽

Alpaslan Ozkurkculer ◽

Omer Faruk Kalkan ◽

Ahmet Ozkaya ◽

Aynur Koc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immobilization Stress ◽

Central Area ◽

Essential Elements ◽

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Swimming Test ◽

The Brain ◽

Center Area ◽

Chronic Immobilization Stress

Abstract. Alterations of essential elements in the brain are associated with the pathophysiology of many neuropsychiatric disorders. It is known that chronic/overwhelming stress may cause some anxiety and/or depression. We aimed to investigate the effects of two different chronic immobilization stress protocols on anxiety-related behaviors and brain minerals. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups as follows ( n = 10/group): control, immobilization stress-1 (45 minutes daily for 7-day) and immobilization stress-2 (45 minutes twice a day for 7-day). Stress-related behaviors were evaluated by open field test and forced swimming test. In the immobilization stress-1 and immobilization stress-2 groups, percentage of time spent in the central area (6.38 ± 0.41% and 6.28 ± 1.03% respectively, p < 0.05) and rearing frequency (2.75 ± 0.41 and 3.85 ± 0.46, p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) were lower, latency to center area (49.11 ± 5.87 s and 44.92 ± 8.04 s, p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively), were higher than the control group (8.65 ± 0.49%, 5.37 ± 0.44 and 15.3 ± 3.32 s, respectively). In the immobilization stress-1 group, zinc (12.65 ± 0.1 ppm, p < 0.001), magnesium (170.4 ± 1.7 ppm, p < 0.005) and phosphate (2.76 ± 0.1 ppm, p < 0.05) levels were lower than the control group (13.87 ± 0.16 ppm, 179.31 ± 1.87 ppm and 3.11 ± 0.06 ppm, respectively). In the immobilization stress-2 group, magnesium (171.56 ± 1.87 ppm, p < 0.05), phosphate (2.44 ± 0.07 ppm, p < 0.001) levels were lower, and manganese (373.68 ± 5.76 ppb, p < 0.001) and copper (2.79 ± 0.15 ppm, p < 0.05) levels were higher than the control group (179.31 ± 1.87 ppm, 3.11 ± 0.06 ppm, 327.25 ± 8.35 ppb and 2.45 ± 0.05 ppm, respectively). Our results indicated that 7-day chronic immobilization stress increased anxiety-related behaviors in both stress groups. Zinc, magnesium, phosphate, copper and manganese levels were affected in the brain.

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