scholarly journals DETEKSI PENGIMBASAN KETAHANAN PISANG TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM DENGAN ASAM FUSARAT (INDUCED RESISTANCE DETECTION OF BANANA AGAINST FUSARIUM WILT USING FUSARIC ACID)

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Christanti Sumardiyono ◽  
Suharyanto Suharyanto ◽  
Suryanti Suryanti ◽  
Putri Rositasari ◽  
Yufita Dwi Chinta
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Fusaric Acid ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
Water Stream ◽  
Soil Nutrition

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is the most destructive disease of banana. Until today this disease has not been successfully controlled. Fusaric acid is a toxin produced by Foc. Tyloses produced inxylem that caused wilting and yellowing of banana plants, inhibit soil nutrition and water stream. The study carried out previously showed that enriched fusaric acid in banana culture induced the resistance of banana seedlings against Foc. The signal of induced resistance increased the phenolic compounds. One of the phenolic compounds is salicylic acid. The aim of this study was to detect induced resistance of banana plant from tissue cultured enriched with fusaric acid. The experiment was done in the field highly infected with Foc. Observation of resistance was done by measuring disease percentage of yellowing and wilting leaves.Tyloses produced in xylem was observed microscopically from cross section of root. Root damage intensity was counted using tyloses score. Salicylic acid content of root was analyzed with phenolic compounds method using HPLC. The results showed that banana plants from enriched tissues culture with 1.165 ppm of fusaric acid increased the resistance against Foc, but salicylic acid was not detected. Salicylic acid was only detected at low concentration (2 ppb) in moderate resistant banana roots from induced plants with 9.32 ppm of fusaric acid. The chromatogram showed three peaks of unknown phenolic compounds. Tyloses intensity was not related with induced resistance of banana against fusarium wilt. Advanced research is needed with more plants samples. It was suggested to identify the phenolic compounds which were detected in induced resistant plant.Keywords: banana, fusaric acid, fusarium wilt, induced resistance, salicylic acidLayu fusarium yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) adalah penyakit yang sangat merusak pada pisang dan belum dapat dikendalikan secara tuntas. Gejala berupa kelayuan daun karena tersumbatnya xilem karenapembentukan tilosis yaitu pertumbuhan sel dalam jaringan xilem. Pengimbasan ketahanan diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu cara pengendalian penyakit layu fusarium. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan penambahan asam fusaratdalam kultur jaringan dapat mengimbas ketahanan bibit pisang terhadap penyakit layu fusarium. Asam salisilat adalah salah satu signal ketahanan yang akan meningkat kandungannya bila terjadi peningkatan ketahanan akibat pengimbasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi hasil pengimbasan ketahanan pisang dengan asam fusarat dalam kultur jaringan. Tanaman telah ditanam di lapangan yang terinfeksi berat oleh Foc. Intensitas penyakit di lapang diamati dengan menghitung persentase daun menguning dan atau layu. Intensitas kerusakan akar diamati dengan pembuatan irisan tipis dan pengamatan tilosis dengan cara skoring. Analisis asam salisilat dalam akar dilakukan dengan metode analisis senyawa fenol menggunakan HPLC. Hasil penelitian tanaman dari bibit yang diimbas dengan 1,165 ppm asam fusarat dalam kultur jaringan menunjukkan peningkatan ketahanan di lapang. Intensitas tilosis lebih rendah pada tanaman yang diimbas ketahanannya dibandingkan yang tidak diimbas. Asam salisilat dalam tanaman yang diimbas ketahannnya denganasam fusarat 9,32 ppm terdeteksi pada konsentrasi yang sangat rendah yaitu 2 ppb, dengan ketahanan moderat. Pada tanaman hasil pengimbasan yang menunjukkan kriteria tahan asam salisilat tidak terdeteksi, namun terdeteksi tigapuncak senyawa fenol yang belum teridentifikasi. Intensitas tilosis pada tanaman yang diimbas ketahanannya tidak menunjukkan penurunan dibandingkan dengan tanaman yang tidak diperlakukan. Penelitian ini perlu dilanjutkan dengan sampel yang lebih banyak. Identifikasi jenis senyawa fenol perlu dilakukan dalam penelitian lanjutan.Kata kunci: asam fusarat, asam salisilat, layu fusarium, pengimbasan ketahanan, pisang

scholarly journals In Vitro Induced Resistance of Fusarium Wilt Disease (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae) by Salicylic Acid in Shallot CV ‘Bima Brebes’

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 001
Author(s):  
Khusnul Khotimah ◽  
Endang Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Arif Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Fusaric Acid ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Toxic Symptom ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cepae (Foc) is one of the most important diseases of onion in Indonesia. Induced resistance was one of the effective techniques to acquire resistance to fusarium wilt in shallot. Salicylic acid (SA) had been inferred to be in endogenous signal in the systemic acquired resistance response of plants. This research aimed to study the effect of exogenously added SA to resistance in shallot callus cv ‘Bima Brebes’ to fusarium wilt disease in vitro; and to determine the effective concentration of SA to induce resistance. A group of shallot callus was grown in MS medium containing varying SA concentration (0, 15, 20 and 25 ppm) in vitro for 2 weeks. Then, the callus were treated with toxin of Fusarium oxysporum, namely fusaric acid, to have observe the resistance response. In vitro selection was done twice in different fusaric acid concentration. Application of exogenous SA at all concentration did not suppres time of appearance of disease symptom yet. Toxic symptom in the callus was shown by the browning or blackening (off) of callus. Salicylic acid at concentration of 20 ppm effectively reduced the toxic symptom up to 16.66% and supported callus regeneration better than the concentration of 15 ppm and 25 ppm. The number of resistant callus regenerated was 66.67% at pretreatment of 20 ppm of SA.

scholarly journals Predicting Virulence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense Based on the Production of Mycotoxin Using a Linear Regression Model

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuange Shao ◽  
Dandan Xiang ◽  
Hong Wei ◽  
Siwen Liu ◽  
Ganjun Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Fusaric Acid ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Linearity Test

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) is one of the most destructive diseases for banana. For their risk assessment and hazard characterization, it is vital to quickly determine the virulence of Foc isolates. However, this usually takes weeks or months using banana plant assays, which demands a better approach to speed up the process with reliable results. Foc produces various mycotoxins, such as fusaric acid (FSA), beauvericin (BEA), and enniatins (ENs) to facilitate their infection. In this study, we developed a linear regression model to predict Foc virulence using the production levels of the three mycotoxins. We collected data of 40 Foc isolates from 20 vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs), including their mycotoxin profiles (LC-MS) and their plant disease index (PDI) values on Pisang Awak plantlets in greenhouse. A linear regression model was trained from the collected data using FSA, BEA and ENs as predictor variables and PDI values as the response variable. Linearity test statistics showed this model meets all linearity assumptions. We used all data to predict PDI with high fitness of the model (coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.906) and adjust coefficient (R2adj = 0.898)) indicating a strong predictive power of the model. In summary, we developed a linear regression model useful for the prediction of Foc virulence on banana plants from the quantification of mycotoxins in Foc strains, which will facilitate quick determination of virulence in newly isolated Foc emerging Fusarium wilt of banana epidemics threatening banana plantations worldwide.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Enzim Peroksidase Daun Planlet Pisang Ketan (Musa paradisiaca L.) Hasil Pengimbasan Ketahanan terhadap Asam Salisilat secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imamah Muslimah ◽  
Endang Nurcahyani ◽  
Zulkifli Zulkifli
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Peroxidase Enzyme ◽  
Banana Plantlet ◽  
Salicylic Acid Concentration

Banana plant production are decreased because it getting an attack from Fusarium oxysporum. “ketan” Banana plantlet that resistant to the Fusarium oxysporum were selected by in vitro in the solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with added salicylic acid at 40 ppm, 50 ppm, 60 ppm, and 70 ppm concentration, compared with controls (0 ppm). The aim of this research is to determine the activity of peroxidase enzyme on leaves of banana ketan plantlet. The research was carried out in December 2015 to February 2016 in the Laboratory of Botani (in vitro room), Departement of Biology, Faculty of MIPA, Lampung University. This study used a completely randomized design with 5 replications. Data were analyzed with the variance (Anova) and if them different will be continued by LSD test performed at 5% significance level. Extraction of peroxidase method using Saravanan et al. (2004) with the mixture of pyrogallol and 𝐻2𝑂2. The absorbance was measured with a spectrophotometer (Shimudzu UV 800) at wavelength (λ) of 420 nm and readable from zero. The result showed that the activity of peroxidase enzyme on the leaves banana ketan plantlet has increased optimally in the salicylic acid concentration of 50 ppm compared with controls. Increased of Peroxidase enzyme activity showed that banana ketan plantlet was resistant to the salicylic acid and expected to be resistant to Fusarium oxysporum. Keywords: Salicylic acid, Peroxidase enzyme, Fusarium oxysporum, in vitro, Banana ketan

Salicylic acid has allelopathy, but wheat and faba bean intercropping can alleviate faba bean fusarium wilt under salicylic acid stress.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxing Lv ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Ling Chen ◽  
Yuting Guo ◽  
Kun Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Fusaric Acid ◽  
Acid Stress ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Physiological Resistance ◽  
Exogenous Salicylic Acid

Abstract BackgroundThe goals of this study were to evaluate the role of salicylic acid in the continuous cropping obstacle of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and explore how intercropping with wheat alleviates these obstacles. We designed a hydroponic pot experiment to study the effects of exogenous salicylic acid on the occurrence of Fusarium wilt, seedling growth, physiological resistance of faba bean and pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fabae (FOF).ResultsThe results showed that salicylic acid significantly increased the incidence and disease index of faba bean, inhibited the growth of seedlings and reduced the physiological resistance of faba bean. An in vitro study of FOF found that salicylic acid increased the ability of the organism to produce fusaric acid, cellulase and pectinase, which increased the susceptibility of faba bean to Fusarium wilt. Interestingly, intercropping with wheat significantly reduced the exudation of salicylic acid from the faba bean root system, which directly reduced the deleterious effects of salicylic acid. Alternatively, intercropping also increased the ability of faba bean to defend itself from the aspect of physiological resistance and indirectly reduced the autotoxicity of salicylic acid.ConclusionsIn conclusion, we found that salicylic acid, as an autotoxic substance, deleteriously affected the growth of faba bean, but intercropping with wheat could alleviate its autotoxicity. This finding suggests the existence of an important mechanism in which intercropping alleviates the obstacles in continuous cropping and controls Fusarium wilt.

Salicylic acid-induced resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in tomato

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 642-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhamoy Mandal ◽  
Nirupama Mallick ◽  
Adinpunya Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Induced Resistance

scholarly journals Uji Ketahanan Planlet Anggrek Bulan (Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Bl.) Hasil Seleksi dengan Asam Salisilat Terhadap Fusarium oxysporum Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ria Aulia Noviantia ◽  
Endang Nurcahyani ◽  
Martha Lulus Lande
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease ◽  
Selection For

Phalaenopsis amabilis cultivated have many constraints such as the appearance of fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum. Plantlet P.amabilis which resistant to F. Oxysporum was selected in the solid Vacin and Went (VW) medium was added with salicylic acid at concentrations of 65 ppm, 75 ppm, and 85 ppm, compared with controls (0 ppm). The goals of the research were to study and determine of: 1) The SA concentration of planlet P. amabilis selection tolerant; 2) The proper concentration of AS during in vitro selection for suppressing the Fo. The research was carried out in December 2015 to February 2016 in the Botany Laboratory (in vitro research room), Departement of Biology, Faculty of MIPA, Lampung University. The result showed that: 1) The SA tolerant concentration for plantlet selection with P. amabilis was between 65 ppm - 85 ppm. 2) The 85 ppm of SA was effective for suppressing the Fo compared to 65 ppm and 75 ppm. Keywords: Phalaenopsis amabilis, salicylic acid, Fusarium oxysporum, In vitro, Resistance.

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