Koja Banana Plantlet Acclimatization at Various Concentrations of Foliar Fertilizer and Length of Containment

Koja is a widely known variety of bananas but the availability of high-quality seeds has not been able to meet the market demand. This problem is overcome by using tissue culture, meanwhile, the success of the culture is largely determined by the acclimatization stage or adaptation of plants from heterotrophs to autotrophs. Therefore, this study aims to determine the interaction between the concentration of foliar fertilizer and the length of containment as well as the appropriate concentration for the growth of Koja banana plantlets. This is a field experiment carried out with a 2-factors split-plot design. The main plot was the foliar fertilizer concentration namely M1 = 2 ml/L; M2 = 4 ml/L; M3 = 6 ml/L, while the subplots were the length of containment namely E1 = 10 days; E2 = 20 days; E3 = 30 days. Based on the results, there was an interaction between the concentration of foliar fertilizer 4 mL/L and the length of containment of 20 days on the height, root volume, as well as fresh and plant dry weight.

Aktivitas Enzim Peroksidase Daun Planlet Pisang Ketan (Musa paradisiaca L.) Hasil Pengimbasan Ketahanan terhadap Asam Salisilat secara In Vitro

Banana plant production are decreased because it getting an attack from Fusarium oxysporum. “ketan” Banana plantlet that resistant to the Fusarium oxysporum were selected by in vitro in the solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with added salicylic acid at 40 ppm, 50 ppm, 60 ppm, and 70 ppm concentration, compared with controls (0 ppm). The aim of this research is to determine the activity of peroxidase enzyme on leaves of banana ketan plantlet. The research was carried out in December 2015 to February 2016 in the Laboratory of Botani (in vitro room), Departement of Biology, Faculty of MIPA, Lampung University. This study used a completely randomized design with 5 replications. Data were analyzed with the variance (Anova) and if them different will be continued by LSD test performed at 5% significance level. Extraction of peroxidase method using Saravanan et al. (2004) with the mixture of pyrogallol and 𝐻2𝑂2. The absorbance was measured with a spectrophotometer (Shimudzu UV 800) at wavelength (λ) of 420 nm and readable from zero. The result showed that the activity of peroxidase enzyme on the leaves banana ketan plantlet has increased optimally in the salicylic acid concentration of 50 ppm compared with controls. Increased of Peroxidase enzyme activity showed that banana ketan plantlet was resistant to the salicylic acid and expected to be resistant to Fusarium oxysporum. Keywords: Salicylic acid, Peroxidase enzyme, Fusarium oxysporum, in vitro, Banana ketan

PENINGKATAN KETAHANAN TANAMAN PISANG BARANGAN TERHADAP BLOOD DISEASE BACTERIUM (BDB) DENGAN APLIKASI FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR INDIGENUS

Increase resistence of barangan banana blood disease bacterium using Indigenus arbuscular mycorhizae fungi. Blood disease caused by Blood disease bacterium (BDB) is the major cause of production loss of banana in Indonesia. There is currently a lack of information about the application of indigenous Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to increase the Barangan banana resistance to BDB. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the increase resistance Barangan banana to 3 (three) types of AMF (Glomus type-1; Acaulospora type-4 and Glomus fasciculatum) and control (without AMF) with 3 replicates. Barangan banana plantlet were inoculated with 50 g fresh AMF inoculants and at 14 days after acclimating have transplanted to soil contaminated BDB. Observation on the Barangan banana seedlings was done after 5-60 days after application included percentage disease, severity disease, incubation periode, BDB population in rhizosfer and AMF percentage root colonization. The result indicated that AMF increased Barangan banana resistance to BDB. Glomus type-1 and G. fasciculatum increased banana resistance by 100% while Acaulospora type-4 takes 66.67% and control none. The disease severity with Acaulospora tipe-4 is 6% lower than controls (32.6%). The highest suppression level was found in 2 isolates of Glomus application was 100% and was followed Acaulospora type-4 is 81.59%. The low intensity of on FMA indigenous treatment applications related to the incubation period and BDB density in rhizosphere of plant roots. The incubation period in mychorized plants has longer 30 dap than controls (10 dap).