scholarly journals Ripped at the Seams: RMG Sector Workers During a Global Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-105
Author(s):  
Christopher Hansen ◽  
Ridhi Sahai ◽  
Vaiddehi Bansal ◽  
Mithila Iyer ◽  
Jafar Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Forced Labor ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Modern Slavery ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The University ◽  
Working Populations

Authors from NORC at the University of Chicago conducted a five-month rapid assessment of COVID-19’s impact on the Ready Made Garments industry (RMG) in Bangladesh and India with funding from the Global Fund to End Modern Slavery (GFEMS). The research presented here highlights the increased risk of forced labor among vulnerable working populations associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The rapid assessment addresses descriptive and normative questions about the short- and long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Bangladesh and India’s RMG industries. Qualitative data collection methods included 19 semi- structured key informant interviews (KIIs) with governmental and non-governmental stakeholders and actors across the RMG supply chain. KIIs were informed by a systematic review of recently published media articles, reports, white papers, and other online content. RMG sector stakeholders, including private sector supply chain actors, policy actors, and implementing partners, can use this research to adapt programs and address the multi-faceted challenges facing apparel workers during a global pandemic.

scholarly journals Shattered Dreams: Bangladeshi Migrant Workers during a Global Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-132
Author(s):  
Ridhi Sahai ◽  
Vaiddehi Bansal ◽  
Muhammad Jalal Uddin Sikder ◽  
Kareem Kysia ◽  
Sharon Shen
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Forced Labor ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Modern Slavery ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Policies And Programs

Overseas labor migration (OLR) is currently one of the most important contributors to Bangladesh’s economy and is a highly profitable form of labor for Gulf Cooperative Council (GCC) countries. Despite the high rate of migration between these countries, the OLR sector remains complex and often leaves migrants susceptible to human trafficking, forced labor, and modern slavery. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed migrant workers to additional adverse situations, increasing their vulnerability to forced labor and COVID-19 related health risks. This rapid assessment addresses critical questions about the short- and long-term impacts of the pandemic on Bangladesh’s OLR industry. Findings from this assessment will inform migrant rights protection policies and programs.

On the Anti-Bribery “Watchlist”: Compliance and Labor/Anti-Trafficking Issues

2019 ◽  
pp. 675-696
Author(s):  
Andrew Boutros
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Child Labor ◽  
Forced Labor ◽  
Labor Laws ◽  
Labor Practices ◽  
Modern Slavery ◽  
Federal Contracts ◽  
The Uk

Today’s companies must understand and prevent the myriad problems flowing from labor issues. Increasingly demanding, serious compliance attention and resources are now being focused on the emerging area of human anti-trafficking and forced labor laws and regulations as they relate to business supply chains. These mandates include the California Transparency in Supply Chains Act, the Executive Order on Strengthening Protections Against Trafficking in Persons in Federal Contracts, and the UK Modern Slavery Act of 2015. By enlisting or conscripting companies into the fight against human trafficking, child labor, and other “forced” or “coerced” labor practices, these laws introduce a wholly new compliance reality requiring accountability and supply chain compliance.

scholarly journals Short- and Long-Term Impact of Receiving Genetic Mutation Results in Women at Increased Risk for Hereditary Breast Cancer

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Lim ◽  
Mariette Macluran ◽  
Melanie Price ◽  
Barbara Bennett ◽  
Phyllis Butow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Hereditary Breast Cancer ◽  
Genetic Mutation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Long Term Impact

Supply Chain Management and Gender: Challenges for a Changing World

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ely Paiva ◽  
Maria Jose Tonelli ◽  
Priscila Miguel ◽  
Cristiane Biazzin
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Forced Labor ◽  
Gender Inequity ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Modern Slavery ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
And Gender

This chapter describes how the gender relations that are present in the globalization process do not reflect the neutral practice presented in the literature, but instead represent a gendered phenomenon that promotes new arrangements of inequalities that impact supply chain management. For decades, gender inequity in supply chains was a “hidden” problem in several sectors, but in the early twenty-first century it is an overt challenge for supply chain management. Gender inequity exists in supply chains when there is low participation of women-owned businesses in supply, a clear wage inequity along the supply chain, and the identification of modern slavery or forced labor related to gender in any tier of a supply chain. A future agenda for gender issues in supply chains should address a range of issues, from the increase in the number of women-owned suppliers and its impacts, to equalization of income among genders throughout supply chains, to complete eradication of modern slavery in local and global supply chains.

scholarly journals Implementation of COVID-19 Protocols and Tele-Triage in an Academic Ophthalmology Department

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. e151-e158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelica C. Scanzera ◽  
Emily Cole ◽  
Nita Valikodath ◽  
Chau Pham ◽  
Thasarat Sutabutr Vajaranant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tear Film ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The University

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected academic ophthalmology departments globally, causing changes in educational, research, and clinical operations in the short and long term. Healthcare workers are at higher risk of contracting the disease and given early reports suggestive of transmission through the tear film in COVID-19 cases with conjunctivitis, and close proximity during examination, eye care providers in particular may be at increased risk. Objective To provide the experience from a single academic ophthalmology program in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This article describes the changes executed in the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences at the University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, with emphasis on the implementation of a tele-triage process for urgent visits. Results In response to the pandemic, our department made rapid changes to its departmental protocols for education, research, and patient management. Early measures focused on limiting face-to-face interactions among patients, staff, residents, and faculty, decreasing the risk of exposure to disease while also providing access for patients in urgent need of care. Conclusion We hope that the UIC experience will assist other academic tertiary referral centers in maximizing their opportunities to deliver excellent patient care while minimizing risks to patient and provider, all while continuing to provide a quality graduate medical educational experience during and beyond the pandemic.

scholarly journals Modern Slavery in the Global Supply Chain: An Analysis of Published Preventative Statements and Frameworks to Protect Businesses and Individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel Elise Buck
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Effective Action ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
Forced Labor ◽  
Transparent Reporting ◽  
Modern Slavery ◽  
Individual Criterion

Modern slavery generates an estimated $150 billion in revenue annually. Derived from the exploited labor 40.3 million victims, this is one of the most profitable illicit industries. Of the estimated 24.9 million slaves institutionalized in forced labor, 16 million are exploited in the private sector. These 16 million are oppressed within corporate supply chains. This paper addresses the need for a common tool and set of criteria governing organizations’ actions. Such a tool and set of criteria are essential in not only combating modern slavery within corporations, but also throughout global supply chain tiers. Application of consistent tools and criteria will move the private sector forward in eradicating modern slavery by ensuring transparent reporting and effective action. The final deliverable consists of recommendations for adoption of publications and individual criterion—adaptable for all supply chain levels—for corporations to use in implementing, expanding, and improving their modern slavery and transparency initiatives.

The Impact of a Potential Public/Private Initiative on a Defined Region of the South Suburban Chicago Metropolitan Area

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-32
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Market Area ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

The university is considered one of the engines of growth in a local economy or its market area, since its direct contributions consist of 1) employment of faculty and staff, 2) services to students, and supply chain links vendors, all of which define the University’s Market area. Indirect contributions consist of those agents associated with the university in terms of community and civic events. Each of these activities represent economic benefits to their host communities and can be classified as the economic impact a university has on its local economy and whose spatial market area includes each of the above agents. In addition are the critical links to the University, which can be considered part of its Demand and Supply chain. This paper contributes to the field of Public/Private Impact Analysis, which is used to substantiate the social and economic benefits of cooperating for economic resources. We use Census data on Output of Goods and Services, Labor Income on Salaries, Wages and Benefits, Indirect State and Local Taxes, Property Tax Revenue, Population, and Inter-Industry to measure economic impact (Implan, 2016).

Modern Slavery and Supply Chain Transparency

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve New
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Weak Response ◽  
Modern Slavery ◽  
Labor Exploitation

The scourge of modern slavery has led to legislation in various countries requiring firms to engage in a particular form of supply chain transparency. However, these regulatory initiatives have been widely perceived to be, by themselves, a weak response to such a serious challenge. This chapter argues that assessment of these initiatives hinges on the interpretation of modern slavery itself: Are extreme forms of labor exploitation aberrations of an otherwise blameless system, or are they intrinsic to the functioning of contemporary global capitalism? If the latter, then new types of transparency might be needed that go beyond firms reporting on their policies and efforts. The chapter introduces the idea of interrogational transparency as a mechanism by which civil society actors (including consumers, activists, and researchers) can develop accountability dialogues with powerful corporations. To illustrate these points, the chapter examines emergent patterns of transparency within the food giant Nestlé.

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