A GLOBAL PICTURE OF EXTENDED PHARMACY SERVICES, PERCEPTIONS, AND BARRIERS TOWARD ITS PERFORMANCE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Objective: The aims of this review were to observe extended services performed in the community pharmacy settings, perceptions among community pharmacists (CPs), general practitioners (GPs), and customers of these extended services and barriers toward its performance.Methods: A literature search was conducted, using Google Scholar as database, searching for full access texts. The inclusive texts fulfilled the inclusion criteria.Results: A total of 22 texts had been systematically reviewed, noting a wide range of extended services performed in community pharmacy settings. Medication counseling or review and promoting health educations were noted as the most extended services performed. It is also noted that CPs indicated that these extended services could establish working relationship with other health-care professionals. However, it is noted that among the barriers toward extended services were lack of knowledge, skills, and time to perform.Conclusion: As a conclusion, the community pharmacy practice is evolving, transforming into more patient-oriented even though there are some negative perceptions among the customers and GPs toward these extended services. Barriers to the performance of these extended services should be intervened.

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Community Pharmacy Practice and an Aging Population

Journal of Pharmacy Technology ◽

10.1177/875512259200800308 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 119-124

Author(s):

Edward D. Sumner ◽

Ronald P. Durand ◽

Carol J. Lancaster ◽

George E. Dickinson

Keyword(s):

South Carolina ◽

Community Pharmacy ◽

A Priori ◽

Pharmacy Practice ◽

Community Pharmacists ◽

The Elderly ◽

Community Pharmacy Practice ◽

Pharmacy Curriculum ◽

Survey Responses ◽

The Impact

Objective: To determine pharmacists' perceptions of the influence of older patients on community pharmacy practice. Data Sources: A mailing list obtained from the South Carolina Board of Pharmacy provided names of community pharmacists by practice setting and gender. Design: A questionnaire was mailed in July 1990 to a random sample of community pharmacists in South Carolina. The questionnaire contained 41 Likert-type opinion statements. Demographic questions relating to practice type and location, pharmacists' educational experiences, and position were included. Data Synthesis: The opinion statements were examined by grouping respondents on the basis of demographic information. Analysis of variance or Student's t-test was used to look for differences among survey responses among various groups of pharmacists. Scheffe's test was used to compare means when the groups were significantly different. The a priori level of significance was 0.05. Critical values were adjusted by the number of statements considered to preserve the error rate at five percent (Bonferroni procedure). Conclusions: The strongest indicator of the impact of the elderly population on community pharmacy is pharmacists' perceived need for more continuing education in geriatrics and gerontology. Economic problems, physician overprescribing, and patient compliance were ranked as the three most difficult aspects of geriatric pharmacy. This study reinforces the need to incorporate geriatric/gerontology education into every pharmacy curriculum.

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The Danish Network for Community Pharmacy Practice Research and Development

Pharmacy ◽

10.3390/pharmacy9020114 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 114

Author(s):

Alaa Burghle ◽

Rikke Nørgaard Hansen ◽

Lotte Stig Nørgaard ◽

Ulla Hedegaard ◽

Susanne Bendixen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Research And Development ◽

Community Pharmacy ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Pharmacy Practice ◽

Practice Research ◽

Community Pharmacies ◽

Development Projects ◽

Pharmacy Practice Research ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Community Pharmacy Practice

The community pharmacy has a number of attributes that makes it an excellent setting for research and development projects, as it is a highly accessible part of the healthcare system and is staffed by highly trained health care professionals. The big turnover in patients in the community pharmacy makes it possible to reach a great number of patients and collect a lot of data in a relatively short time. However, conducting nation-wide research and development projects can be a rather time-consuming process for the individual community pharmacy, and can thus require collaboration with other community pharmacies and researchers. This will help ensure strong results and better implementation. Thus, the Danish Network for Community Pharmacy Practice for Research and Development (NUAP) was established in Denmark by a number of highly committed community pharmacies and researchers. NUAP consists of 102 member pharmacy owners in addition to a number of researchers. The aim of the network is to strengthen pharmacy practice and pharmacy practice research in Denmark by providing a forum where community pharmacy practitioners and researchers meet and work together. The network is led by a steering committee elected by the members in the network.

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Point-of-Care Testing in Community Pharmacies: Keys to Success From Pennsylvania Pharmacists

Journal of Pharmacy Practice ◽

10.1177/0897190017735243 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 629-635 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Emily A. Steltenpohl ◽

Brandon K. Barry ◽

Kim C. Coley ◽

Melissa S. McGivney ◽

Julie L. Olenak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Pharmacy ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Pharmacy Practice ◽

Community Pharmacists ◽

Improve Patient Satisfaction ◽

State Regulations ◽

Community Pharmacy Practice ◽

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments ◽

Improve Patient

Background Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-waived tests allow for quick, accurate, and noninvasive laboratory testing. Community pharmacists utilize CLIA-waived tests to provide clinical services such as point-of-care (POC) testing to help manage chronic disease and acute illness. Objective To identify key themes in the successful delivery of POC testing services by community pharmacists in Pennsylvania. Results An initial search identified 51 Pennsylvania pharmacies with a CLIA waiver. Of these, five independent pharmacies met inclusion criteria, three of which completed interviews. The remaining 38 chain pharmacies were represented by three interviews. In total, five key themes were identified as essential to POC testing services: (1) utilize state resources and professional connections to navigate federal and state regulations, (2) establish relationships with physician partners (3) offer tests that are meaningful to patients and their physicians, (4) evaluate financial impact, workflow adaptations, and marketing approaches when implementing POC testing services, and (5) focus on individualized attention and convenience of community pharmacy-based POC testing to improve patient satisfaction. Conclusion Successful POC testing services in community pharmacy practice rely on utilizing resources, partnering with known physicians, selecting meaningful tests for patients, and analyzing finances, workflow, and marketing to provide individualized attention and convenient care.

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Community Pharmacy Practice During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Perspective From the Middle East

Global Journal on Quality and Safety in Healthcare ◽

10.36401/jqsh-20-14 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 109-114

Author(s):

Saja H. Hamed

Keyword(s):

Middle East ◽

Community Pharmacy ◽

Pharmacy Practice ◽

Community Pharmacists ◽

Care Services ◽

Community Pharmacy Practice ◽

Regulatory Bodies ◽

Insight Into ◽

Shed Light

ABSTRACT The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses serious challenges to pharmaceutical care services, and innovative responses by community pharmacists and regulatory bodies are needed. The experience in Jordan, located in the Middle East, is shared in this article in light of available international guidelines to provide insight into the efforts made by the pharmacists to safely maintain pharmaceutical services during the current pandemic. In addition, unique roles played by community pharmacists in other countries are discussed to shed light on the important role of community pharmacists in this outbreak.

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Pharmaceutical Care in Community Pharmacy: Practice and Research in the Netherlands

Annals of Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.1345/aph.1g141 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 39 (10) ◽

pp. 1720-1725 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

JW Foppe van Mil

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Community Pharmacy ◽

Pharmaceutical Care ◽

Pharmacy Practice ◽

Financial Status ◽

Levels Of Care ◽

Medication Counseling ◽

Community Pharmacy Practice ◽

Medication Surveillance ◽

Practice Implementation

OBJECTIVE: To describe the pharmaceutical care activities and research in community pharmacy in the Netherlands. FINDINGS: Pharmaceutical care is well advanced in Dutch pharmacy practice. This is largely due to the fact that clinical pharmacy was already an integrated part of community pharmacy practice by the end of the 1980s. Activities of the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP), some wholesale companies, and influential individuals in the Netherlands stimulated universities and the Royal Society for the Advancement of Pharmacy to advance the implementation of pharmaceutical care. DISCUSSION: Not all pharmacies in the Netherlands provide pharmaceutical care at the same level, although medication surveillance (concurrent and prospective medication analysis) is part of everyday practice. Implementation of quality assurance systems in community pharmacy practice could be helpful in assuring high levels of care. Similar to those in other countries, Dutch pharmacists are torn between the wish to provide pharmaceutical care and economic considerations, although the financial status of most pharmacies is still (very) healthy. New entrants into the market, such as supermarket and pharmacy chains, seem to put little emphasis on care provision. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmaceutical care has been implemented in many Dutch community pharmacies, but not everywhere to the same extent. Due to excellent automated medication surveillance; structured, high-quality medication counseling; and the fact that patients usually visit the same pharmacy, Dutch patients are well protected against many drug-related problems.

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