scholarly journals Урбанизация национальных республик Саяно-Алтая сквозь призму теории модернизации

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-290
Author(s):  
Elena E. Tinikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Social Process ◽  
City Life ◽  
Altai Region ◽  
Deterministic Sampling ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

Introduction. In the national republics of the Sayan-Altai Region — Altai, Tuva and Khakassia — urbanization has been essentially delayed and is, hence, accelerated. The first urban settlements appeared here only in the 20th century, and many of them were referred to as urban de jure only. Despite the growth of publications studying various aspects of the urbanization in Siberia, there are almost no research works dealing with the development of this historical, cultural, complicated social process and compiled from materials of this region proper. The paper provides a first attempt to assess the features and patterns of urbanization in the Sayan-Altai Region through the prism of modernization theory. Goals. The article aims to analyze urbanization as the most important aspect of modernization through materials collected across Altai, Tuva and Khakassia in the 20th – early 21st centuries. Materials and Methods. The article primarily investigates official statistical data that make it possible to trace the actual urbanization dynamics (for both populations and territories), as well as the process of transformation experienced by material components of city life. Empirically, the study rests on materials of surveys conducted in the Republic of Khakassia (2018) and in the Republics of Tuva and Altai (2019). The total number of interviewees is 2000. The study employs deterministic sampling methods. Results. The work concludes the urbanization development pattern examined in the region is non-linear, which was determined by the difficult and indirect modernization processes nationwide and those in its certain parts in particular. In the history of the ethnic federal subjects of the Sayan-Altai Region, local features of urbanization are more evident than those in other regions of the country, which is largely due to the influence of the ethnic factor, specifics of indigenous cultures and worldviews. Urbanization as a process is studied on the regional materials in two main perspectives: on the one hand, the paper provides analysis of quantitative indicators of urbanization, such as the dynamics of urban population and growth of urban settlements; on the other hand, an important role in the study of urbanization is assigned to its qualitative indicators, the latter including the transformed structure of urban population and evolution of its living standards.

Jan Hardy versus Likwidator. Comics als Medien der gesellschaftlichen Spaltung Polens

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-62
Author(s):  
Agnieska Balcerzak
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Culture War ◽  
Current State ◽  
Memory Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Projection Surface ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Political Spectrum ◽  
The One ◽  
Second World

This article at the intersection of cultural studies of popular and memory culture deals with the genre of comics as an identity-forming (protest) medium and projection surface for the ideologised “culture war” between traditionalists and modernists in contemporary Poland. The analysis focuses on two historical comics that combine facts and imaginary and refer back to the Second World War, the communist period and the recent history of the Republic of Poland after 1989. The article juxtaposes two title heroes and their comic worlds, which represent opposite ends of the political spectrum and reveal the problem areas of Poland’s dividedness along the underlying canon of values and symbolic worlds: Jan Hardy, the national-conservative “cursed soldier”, and Likwidator, the relentless “anarcho-terrorist”. The characters and their adventures exemplify fundamental memory cultural, religious, nationalist and emancipatory discourses in Poland today. The focus of the analysis lies on the creation context and the (visual) language with its narrative-aesthetic intensifications, which illuminate Poland’s current state of conflict between national egoism and traditional “cultural patriotism” on the one hand and liberal value relativism with its progressive-emancipatory rhetoric on the other.

scholarly journals History of codification of private law in the Republic of Moldova

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-28
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Avornic ◽  
◽  
Violeta Cojocaru ◽  
Iulian Moraru ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One

The division of the entire system of law into public law and private law comes from ancient times, which we have referred to in several previous personal publications. In this article we will analyze the evolution of private law in the Republic of Moldova. Private law constitutes one of the fundamental subdivisions of the science of law as a whole. At the level of the Republic of Moldova, the subdivision in question represents a distinct specific in the context that: (i) it is stratified into numerous branches of law and (ii) it constitutes a symbiosis of several national, supranational and international private legislations that correspond to modern trends of evolution of related social relations. One of the main branches of domestic private law is civil law, namely the rules tangent to the branch of law in question regulate a considerable number of social relations varied in terms of structure and content. This article will briefly address evolutionary-historical aspects of the private law legislation of the Republic of Moldova. In particular, we will analyze the influence of the Model Civil Code of the CIS States, on the one hand, and European legislation, on the other. Historical aspects will be divided into three periods.

scholarly journals Anastasians of Altai krai. The history of the family estates settlements and their current realities

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
I. V. Oktyabrskaya ◽  
◽  
Z. M. Chirkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Studies ◽  
Religious Movements ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
New Religious Movements ◽  
Main Concept ◽  
Altai Region ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reading Clubs ◽  
The One

The Anastasia movement (“Ringing Cedars of Russia”, the Anastasians) was born in Russia in the mid-1990s under the influence of the publication of V. Megre’s works. It developed from reading clubs and festivals to big projects of family estates and the form of political party. In the Altai region (Altai krai) we can registrate 12 settlements at different stages of formation. In religious studies, the anastasians are considered as the one of the new religious movements that is based on the ideology and practices related to Slavic neo-paganism. In Russian Ethnology/anthropology there are attempts to characterize the Anastasians in terms of subculture, as a community with a complex identity that includes a quasi-ethnic plane. Their culture is based on the natural peasant economy. The main concept of self-organization is the idea of family estates.

INSTITUTE OF AMBIENCE IN TRADITIONAL KAZAKH SOCIETY

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Sarsembaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City ◽  
Size And Structure ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Migration processes, being the most important component of the evolutionary development of the population, causing changes in its size and structure (gender and age, ethnic, social, professional), today continue to be an urgent topic for consideration and analysis. A careful and comprehensive study of the migration movement, the creation of a strong migration policy is elevated to the rank of the republic's leading priorities in the context of its further accelerated modernization. This article discusses the evolution of urbanization processes in modern Kazakhstan. The author pays attention to such features of urbanization of the republic as the dynamics of the urban population, the problem of integration and adaptation of former villagers in urban space. The paper separately discusses the scenarios of the development of the city by migrants, the problems of ethnicization and ruleization of urban settlements, the transformation of individual elements of the urban subculture.

scholarly journals Past, present and future of the department of ophthalmology of the Kazan state medical academy (to the 90th anniversary of the foundation of the department)

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 935-938
Author(s):  
A N Amirov ◽  
F R Saifullina ◽  
E A Abdulaeva
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
90Th Anniversary ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
State Medical Academy

The history of the department of ophthalmology of the Kazan State Medical Academy for the 90-year period was analyzed. The department was founded in September, 1922. The reason for the foundation of the department was the trachoma that was rampant at that time in the Volga region. Academician V.V. Chirkovskiy (1874-1956), who headed the department from 1922 to 1928, was the founder and the first director of the first in USSR Trachoma Institution based in Kazan. From 1929 to 1932 professor Valentin Yemel’yanovich Adamyuk (1877-1950), the honoured Scientific researcher of the republic of Tatarstan was the head of the eye clinics of the medical academy and of the Scientific and Research Trachoma Institution. In 1932 professor, the honoured Scientific researcher of the republic of Tatarstan Alexandr Nikolaevich Murzin (1885-1954) has won the elections and headed the department. He secured the merging of the Scientific and Research Trachoma Institution and the eye clinics of the medical academy into the one institution. Thanks to the proper healthcare management and treatment and prevention measures trachoma was eliminated in republic of Tatarstan in 1964. Later, the department was chaired by Alexandr Nikiforovich Kruglov (1952-1964), Kamilya Islamovna Gafarova (1964-1967), Moisey Bencionovich Wufgart (1967-1987), Liyuda Bakhtigareevna Galiaskarova (1987-1996), Marina Vladimirovna Kuznetsova (1996-2012). Since March 2012 the department is headed by PhD, Principal out-of-staff ophthalmologist of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan Aidar Nailevich Amirov. Nowadays the department staff completes over 5000 complicated eye microsurgeries yearly, and also consults the patients form Republic of Tatarstan and nearby regions with complicated cases of different eye diseases at the out-patients clinic and departments of the hospital.

scholarly journals Islamic Activism in Trans-Kama Region: History and Modernity

Islamovedenie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-56
Author(s):  
Roza Vagizovna Nurullina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Movements ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
New Religious Movements ◽  
New Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
In Trans ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article examines the development of Islam in the Trans-Kama (Zakamsky) region of the Republic of Tatarstan. The region is characterized by the natural and geographical isolation from the center, economic uniqueness, specificity of the historical process and the formation of a distinct socio-cultural environment. On the one hand, this is an area of traditional agriculture with a sus-tained history of Islam development in а different confessional surrounding. On the other hand, new cities and monotowns with their marginality, the lack of spirituality and cultural bonds create a fa-vorable environment for the spread of new religious movements. The empirical basis of the article are the results of monitoring publications in the media and social networks of recent years (1,171 messages, 2016-2020) that refute the prevailing idea that the activity of Muslims in Trans-Kama region of Tatarstan in the post-Soviet period has an overall extremist orientation. The author con-cludes that, as a whole, the Muslim community of Trans-Kama region is capable to adequately per-ceive the reality, adapt to it and move to a new development level.

scholarly journals Cities, Nature, Justice: a zoologist's perspective

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lunney
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
The Other ◽  
City Life ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The City ◽  
Rapid Conversion

Cities and nature may seem mutually exclusive, but the animal inhabitants, both native and introduced, from pets to pests, are a major component of city life. Using Sydney as an example, this paper takes a critical look at cities and nature, more narrowly zoology, with a long-term view, i.e. one with intergenerational equity in mind. In the rapid conversion of bush to farmland, then suburbs and industrial areas, flora and fauna have not been given a strong voice. We need a new ethic for this new urban ecosystem, one which encompasses dealing with exotic species, pests and vermin on the one hand, and relic native animal populations on the other. Plans for sustainability in environment, economics and society need to recognise that these are interrelated subjects, not separate entities. I argue that knowing the natural history of Sydney is integral to understanding the city, its history, and its sustainability.

scholarly journals El ateísmo considerado como delito extremo en las Leyes de Platón

1998 ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Livio Rossetti
Keyword(s):  
Considerable Change ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Prophylactic Measure ◽  
Strategic Principle ◽  
History Of ◽  
Penal Codes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
Working Out

This article focuses on Plato’s conception of atheism in the tenth book of the Laws. The Laws themselves are seen as Plato’s last great effort to propose a written code, a project that involves major theorizing. In contrast, the treatment of atheism as a capital crime appears merely as the working out of questions of detail (which feature prevention, a subtle typological analysis of atheists, and the means of eventual repression). Punishment of atheism is a strategic principle, closely associated with a new conception of punishment that includes the possibility of long-term imprisonment for offenders that commit serious crimes. The set of the relevant legislative dispositions against religious offenders is thus put in context (of which the broad outlines are the civil and penal codes), payingspecial attention to ‘unspeakable crimes’. The paper puts in perspective the significance of Plato’s last written work (particularly its pioneering character in the history of formal codification of law) and stresses how he restates his thoughts on what political life and its rules should be, thus substantially (and valuably) revising the utopia of the Republic. The main point of contrast between these works can be said to consist in a shift from the philosopher-king to the embodiment of values in the laws, the promotion of a complex system of internalization of rules and values in all citizens and by all citizens, the establishment of numerous means to achieve the conditions and social atmosphere in which the laws can actually come to live inside each and every one. This represents a considerable change if we compare it to the absolute trust put upon philosopher kings in the earlier work. It is, then, against this general background that Plato’s notion of atheism as “the worst of crimes” should be understood. The strong bond between religion and public morality is the basis supporting the set of social policies, measures of detection and strategies of repression of atheism that Plato proposes (described and briefly discussed by Rossetti). So, considering all that Plato carefully prescribes in the tenth book of the Laws, if atheism and impiety appear as the worst sort of crimes, punishable in a few extreme cases by death, this suggests, on the one hand, that the level of cruelty known in classical times was quite low by modern standards, and secondly, that Plato shows a rather admirable moderation for his time. Making atheism punishable by death and so perhaps the only really unspeakable crime is then only an “extreme prophylactic measure”, not “vengeance of the state”.

scholarly journals HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL POLICY AND ETHNIC IDENTITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (390) ◽  
pp. 327-332
Author(s):  
A. M. Turlybekova ◽  
G. T. Shamshudimova ◽  
M. A. Altybassarova ◽  
G. M. Kappasova ◽  
S. N. Sabikenov
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Single Identity ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right

This article discusses the modern world as the kind of ethnic explosion, the concrete manifestations of which are the growth of the significance of ethnic identity, increasing people’s interest in their roots, traditions, culture and history. The demand for social balance related to ethnic and cultural specifics has noticeably revived. We can say that ethnic communities are real, stable historical formations, and ethnicity is an important, constantly acting factor of the social development. At different times it manifests in different ways, in the situation of serious social transformations that we are currently experiencing, there is the surge in ethnicity. These contradictions are reflected in the Republic of Kazakhstan due to its multinational composition. On the one hand, there are processes of forming the single identity instead of the national identity, based on the citizenship, and on the other hand, there is growing interest in the national culture and traditions. In the modern society people have the right to choose their ethnic self-determination and freedom of self-identification with the particular ethnic and national community, which is guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

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