scholarly journals Epigenetics and childhood asthma: current evidence and future research directions

Epigenomics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad T Salam ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Kohinoor Begum
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions

scholarly journals Current developments and future directions in respiratory physiotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (158) ◽  
pp. 200264
Author(s):  
Antenor Rodrigues ◽  
Gerard Muñoz Castro ◽  
Cristina Jácome ◽  
Daniel Langer ◽  
Selina M. Parry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Therapy ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Respiratory Physiotherapy

Respiratory physiotherapists have a key role within the integrated care continuum of patients with respiratory diseases. The current narrative review highlights the profession's diversity, summarises the current evidence and practice, and addresses future research directions in respiratory physiotherapy. Herein, we describe an overview of the areas that respiratory physiotherapists can act in the integrated care of patients with respiratory diseases based on the Harmonised Education in Respiratory Medicine for European Specialists syllabus. In addition, we highlight areas in which further evidence needs to be gathered to confirm the effectiveness of respiratory therapy techniques. Where appropriate, we made recommendations for clinical practice based on current international guidelines.

scholarly journals The Antihyperglycemic Effects of Rhizoma Coptidis and Mechanism of Actions: A Review of Systematic Reviews and Pharmacological Research

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Wei Mu ◽  
Hongcai Shang ◽  
Jia Lin ◽  
Xiang Lei
Keyword(s):  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Rhizoma Coptidis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Antidiabetic Effects

Rhizoma Coptidis (Huang Lian in Chinese pinyin) is among the most widely used traditional Chinese herbal medicines and has a profound history of more than 2000 years of being used as a therapeutic herb. The antidiabetic effects of Rhizoma Coptidis have been extensively investigated in animal experiments and clinical trials and its efficacy as a promising antihyperglycemic agent has been widely discussed. In the meantime, findings from modern pharmacological studies have contributed the majority of its bioactivities to berberine, the isoquinoline alkaloids component of the herb, and a number of experiments testing the antidiabetic effects of berberine have been initiated. Therefore, we conducted a review of the current evidence profile of the antihyperglycemic effects of Rhizoma Coptidis as well as its main component berberine and the possible mechanism of actions, in order to summarize research evidence in this area and identify future research directions.

scholarly journals Breast Cancer Risk with Progestin Subdermal Implants: A Challenge in Patients Counseling

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada Mohammed ◽  
Noha A. Mousa ◽  
Iman M. Talaat ◽  
Haya Ibrahim ◽  
Maha Saber-Ayad
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Patient Counseling ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Subdermal Implants

There is a steady global rise in the use of progestin subdermal implants, where use has increased by more than 20 times in the past two decades. BC risk has been reported with the older progestin only methods such as oral pills, injectables, and intrauterine devices, however, little is known about the risk with subdermal implants. In this review, we aim to update clinicians and researchers on the current evidence to support patient counseling and to inform future research directions. The available evidence of the association between the use of progestin subdermal implants and BC risk is discussed. We provide an overview of the potential role of endogenous progesterone in BC development. The chemical structure and molecular targets of synthetic progestins of relevance are summarized together with the preclinical and clinical evidence on their association with BC risk. We review all studies that investigated the action of the specific progestins included in subdermal implants. As well, we discuss the potential effect of the use of subdermal implants in women at increased BC risk, including carriers of BC susceptibility genetic mutations.

scholarly journals Biofeedback for Post-stroke Gait Retraining: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Research Directions in the Context of Emerging Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Spencer ◽  
Steven L. Wolf ◽  
Trisha M. Kesar
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wearable Sensor ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Future Research Directions

Real-time gait biofeedback is a promising rehabilitation strategy for improving biomechanical deficits in walking patterns of post-stroke individuals. Because wearable sensor technologies are creating avenues for novel applications of gait biofeedback, including use in tele-health, there is a need to evaluate the state of the current evidence regarding the effectiveness of biofeedback for post-stroke gait training. The objectives of this review are to: (1) evaluate the current state of biofeedback literature pertaining to post-stroke gait training; and (2) determine future research directions related to gait biofeedback in context of evolving technologies. Our overall goal was to determine whether gait biofeedback is effective at improving stroke gait deficits while also probing why and for whom gait biofeedback may be an efficacious treatment modality. Our literature review showed that the effects of gait biofeedback on post-stroke walking dysfunction are promising but are inconsistent in methodology and therefore results. We summarize sources of methodological heterogeneity in previous literature, such as inconsistencies in feedback target, feedback mode, dosage, practice structure, feedback structure, and patient characteristics. There is a need for larger-sample studies that directly compare different feedback parameters, employ more uniform experimental designs, and evaluate characteristics of potential responders. However, as these uncertainties in existing literature are resolved, the application of gait biofeedback has potential to extend neurorehabilitation clinicians' cues to individuals with post-stroke gait deficits during ambulation in clinical, home, and community settings, thereby increasing the quantity and quality of skilled repetitions during task-oriented stepping training. In addition to identifying gaps in previous research, we posit that future research directions should comprise an amalgam of mechanism-focused and clinical research studies, to develop evidence-informed decision-making guidelines for gait biofeedback strategies that are tailored to individual-specific gait and sensorimotor impairments. Wearable sensor technologies have the potential to transform gait biofeedback and provide greater access and wider array of options for clinicians while lowering rehabilitation costs. Novel sensing technologies will be particularly valuable for telehealth and home-based stepping exercise programs. In summary, gait biofeedback is a promising intervention strategy that can enhance efficacy of post-stroke gait rehabilitation in both clinical and tele-rehabilitation settings and warrants more in-depth research.

scholarly journals Default mode network activity in bipolar disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niccolò Zovetti ◽  
Maria Gloria Rossetti ◽  
Cinzia Perlini ◽  
Eleonora Maggioni ◽  
Pietro Bontempi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Parietal Cortices

Abstract Since its discovery in 1997, the default mode network (DMN) and its components have been extensively studied in both healthy individuals and psychiatric patients. Several studies have investigated possible DMN alterations in specific mental conditions such as bipolar disorder (BD). In this review, we describe current evidence from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies with the aim to understand possible changes in the functioning of the DMN in BD. Overall, several types of analyses including seed-based and independent component have been conducted on heterogeneous groups of patients highlighting different results. Despite the differences, findings seem to indicate that BD is associated with alterations in both frontal and posterior DMN structures, mainly in the prefrontal, posterior cingulate and inferior parietal cortices. We conclude this review by suggesting possible future research directions.

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