scholarly journals The pharmacogenetics of treatment with olanzapine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Zubiaur ◽  
Paula Soria-Chacartegui ◽  
Gonzalo Villapalos-García ◽  
Juan J Gordillo-Perdomo ◽  
Francisco Abad-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Variability ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
High Level ◽  
Actionable Variants

Genetic polymorphism in olanzapine-metabolizing enzymes, transporters and drug targets is associated with alterations in safety and efficacy. The aim of this systematic review is to describe all clinically relevant pharmacogenetic information on olanzapine and to propose clinically actionable variants. Two hundred and eighty-four studies were screened; 76 complied with the inclusion criteria and presented significant associations. DRD2 Taq1A (rs1800497) *A1, LEP -2548 (rs7799039) G and CYP1A2*1F alleles were related to olanzapine effectiveness and safety variability in several studies, with a high level of evidence. DRD2 –141 (rs1799732) Ins, A-241G (rs1799978) G, DRD3 Ser9Gly (rs6280) Gly, HTR2A rs7997012 A, ABCB1 C3435T (rs1045642) T and G2677T/A (rs2032582) T and UGT1A4*3 alleles were related to safety, effectiveness and/or pharmacokinetic variability with moderated level of evidence.

scholarly journals Effects of dignity therapy on terminally ill patients: a systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1014-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Cristina Teixeira Donato ◽  
◽  
Jéssica Yumi Matuoka ◽  
Camila Cristófero Yamashita ◽  
Marina de Goés Salvetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Dignity Therapy ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Will To Live ◽  
High Level

Abstract OBJECTIVE Analyzing the evidence of the effects of dignity therapy onterminally ill patients. METHOD A Systematic review of the literature conducted using the search strategy in six databases. Inclusion criteria were primary studies, excluding literature reviews (systematic or not) and conceptual articles. RESULTS Ten articles were analyzed regarding method, results and evidence level. Dignity therapy improved the sense of meaning andpurpose, will to live, utility, quality of life, dignity and family appreciationin studies with a higher level of evidence. The effects are not well established in relation to depression, anxiety, spirituality and physical symptoms. CONCLUSION Studies with a moderate to high level of evidence have shown increased sense of dignity, will to live and sense of purpose. Further studies should be developed to increase knowledge about dignity therapy.

scholarly journals INTERPOSITION-ARTHROPLASTY OF THE ELBOW: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
THIAGO BERNARDO CARVALHO DE ALMEIDA ◽  
EDMILSON DA SILVA REIS ◽  
LUCIANO PASCARELLI ◽  
ROBERTO RANGEL BONGIOVANNI ◽  
RENATO LOUREIRO TEODORO
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Specific Topic ◽  
Interposition Arthroplasty ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Total Arthroplasty ◽  
High Level ◽  
Positive Results

ABSTRACT Objective: To perform a systematic review of the main methods and indications of interposition arthroplasty in the rigid elbow. Methods: The research was carried out by three independent researchers, in the databases PubMed, Medline and Embase, according to the descriptors selected as a research strategy and filters selected in the inclusion criteria. Results: In total, 21 studies were found with the afore mentioned descriptors and which were considered adequate according to the design and relevance according to the type of study and inclusion filters. There was a very strong correlation between the searches of the three researchers (k = 0.809). At the end, 14 complete studies were presented, all of which were included. Conclusion: The main finding of this study was to note that there is an evident lack of research with a high level of real effectiveness and indication for interposition arthroplasty in the rigid elbow. Most studies point to positive results when the patient is young and a total arthroplasty is not indicated. No meta-analysis or randomized clinical trial was found for this specific topic, despite being a technique applied in clinical practice for some decades and showing good results. Level of Evidence V, Systematic Review.

scholarly journals Failed Latarjet procedure: a systematic review of surgery revision options

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Buda ◽  
Riccardo D’Ambrosi ◽  
Enrico Bellato ◽  
Davide Blonna ◽  
Alessandro Cappellari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Latarjet Procedure ◽  
Shoulder Stabilization ◽  
Recurrent Instability ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Radiographic Outcomes

Abstract Background Revision surgery after the Latarjet procedure is a rare and challenging surgical problem, and various bony or capsular procedures have been proposed. This systematic review examines clinical and radiographic outcomes of different procedures for treating persistent pain or recurrent instability after a Latarjet procedure. Methods A systematic review of the literature was performed using the Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, Google Scholar and Ovid databases with the combined keywords “failed”, “failure”, “revision”, “Latarjet”, “shoulder stabilization” and “shoulder instability” to identify articles published in English that deal with failed Latarjet procedures. Results A total of 11 studies (five retrospective and six case series investigations), all published between 2008 and 2020, fulfilled our inclusion criteria. For the study, 253 patients (254 shoulders, 79.8% male) with a mean age of 29.6 years (range: 16–54 years) were reviewed at an average follow-up of 51.5 months (range: 24–208 months). Conclusions Eden–Hybinette and arthroscopic capsuloplasty are the most popular and safe procedures to treat recurrent instability after a failed Latarjet procedure, and yield reasonable clinical outcomes. A bone graft procedure and capsuloplasty were proposed but there was no clear consensus on their efficacy and indication. Level of evidence Level IV Trial registration PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020185090—www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/

scholarly journals Safety and Efficacy of Therapeutic Taping in Primary Dysmenorrhea: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bandara EMIA ◽  
Kularathne WNI ◽  
K Brain ◽  
Weerasekara I
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Pain Anxiety

Abstract Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a common gynecological complaint among adolescents and adult women. Various pharmacological and alternative therapies such as therapeutic taping have been used as a treatment of PD. Although several studies have been conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of therapeutic taping in PD, these studies have not provided adequate level of evidence related to the safety and efficacy of therapeutic taping in PD. Hence, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of therapeutic taping in PD. The following databases; Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, PEDro, CINAHL and any other gray literature sources were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used therapeutic taping to treat PD from inception to June 2021 with the language restricted to English. Independently screened articles by two reviewers were extracted according to the study objectives. A total of nine studies were included in the systematic review, involving 577 participants. Three studies were eligible for meta-analysis to find the pooled effect of taping on pain intensity. The review indicates that therapeutic taping is an effective measure in improving pain, anxiety and quality of life of women with PD. Meta-analysis conducted to compare the effect of elastic therapeutic taping (ETT) to sham taping showed that the ETT is an effective measure in improving pain among women with PD (MD = -3.12 (95% CI -5.64, -0.60); p=0.02; I2=95 %). The quality of the studies was assessed using the PEDro scale and the included RCTs indicated a fair to good level of quality. Our systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that therapeutic taping is an effective intervention for PD. However, RCTs with higher quality and larger sample sizes are necessary to verify the current results of the review.

scholarly journals The Association Between Dental Anxiety And Psychiatric Disorders And Symptoms: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harri Halonen ◽  
Jenna Nissinen ◽  
Heli Lehtiniemi ◽  
Tuula Salo ◽  
Pirkko Riipinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Dental Anxiety ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
Specific Phobias ◽  
Axis I ◽  
High Level

Background:A growing amount of evidence suggests that dental anxiety is associated with other psychiatric disorders and symptoms. A systematic review was conducted to critically evaluate the studies of comorbidity of dental anxiety with other specific phobias and other Axis I psychiatric disorders.Objective:The aim of the review was to explore how dental anxiety is associated with other psychiatric disorders and to estimate the level of comorbid symptoms in dental anxiety patients.Methods:The review was conducted and reported in accordance with the MOOSE statement. Data sources included PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science and Scopus.Results:The search produced 631 hits, of which 16 unique records fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The number of eligible papers was low. Study populations were heterogeneous including 6,486 participants, and a total of 25 tests and in few cases clinical interviews were used in the evaluation processes. The results enhanced the idea about the comorbidity between dental anxiety and other psychiatric disorders. The effect was found strong in several studies.Conclusion:Patients with a high level of dental anxiety are more prone to have a high level of comorbid phobias, depression, mood disorders and other psychiatric disorders and symptoms.

scholarly journals Quilting Sutures in Rhytidectomy: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1157-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Ballan ◽  
Samer Jabbour ◽  
Youssef El Rayess ◽  
Khalil Jabbour ◽  
Lena El Hachem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Safety And Efficacy

Abstract Background Different technical variations exist for the utilization of quilting sutures (QS) in rhytidectomy. No systematic review or meta-analysis of the studies describing the use of QS in facelifts has been published to date to the authors’ knowledge. Objectives The objective of this study was to summarize all the published data regarding the utilization of QS in rhytidectomy, compare QS techniques, and evaluate their effect on postoperative complications. Methods On April 1, 2019, a systematic search of the Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases was conducted. All the studies describing the usage of QS in facelifts were included in this review. Studies reporting hematoma rate in a QS group and a control group were included in the meta-analysis part of this study. Results The initial search of the databases yielded 93 results. Four trials were included in the systematic review and 2 were included in the meta-analysis. The total number of included patients with QS was 527. Two studies employed internal QS and the remaining studies utilized external QS. The meta-analysis found a lower rate of hematoma in the QS group (relative risk, 0.02; 95% confidence interval = 0.00-0.13; P < 0.0001). Conclusions QS can be applied either internally or externally and are very effective in reducing hematomas after facelifts. QS could be a great asset in facelifts but should be utilized with caution because additional work is needed to confirm their safety and efficacy. Level of Evidence: 2

scholarly journals EFFECT OF PILATES METHOD ON PHYSICAL FITNESS RELATED TO HEALTH IN THE ELDERLY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-87
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Critine Moura Fernandes Pucci ◽  
Eduardo Borba Neves ◽  
Francisco José Félix Saavedra
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Pilates Method ◽  
Functional Autonomy ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The objective of this review was to analyze the evidence of Pilates in physical fitness related to health in the elderly. The article indexing databases (Pubmed, Medline, Science Direct, Scielo, Lilacs, and Cochrane) were reviewed along with the Pilates, elderly and aging descriptors. A total of 41 studies with a randomized experimental and quasi-experimental design met the inclusion criteria. The selection of the studies was carried out by two researchers and the quality of the articles was assessed using the PEDro scale. Interventions ranged from 4-24 weeks with 1-3 sessions/week, and balance was the most investigated variable. The studies included in this review indicate that Pilates improves health status in the elderly, promoting gains in balance, muscle strength, flexibility, functional autonomy, muscular endurance, body composition and aerobic endurance. Despite these findings, some variables need to be further investigated. Level of Evidence II; Systematic review.

Unstimulated high-sensitive thyroglobulin is a powerful prognostic predictor in patients with thyroid cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Giovanella ◽  
Marco Castellana ◽  
Pierpaolo Trimboli
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Prognostic Performance ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
High Level ◽  
Operating Points

Abstract Background Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) has an excellent prognosis and the role of high-sensitive thyroglobulin measured during levothyroxine (ON-T4 hs-Tg) testing to discriminate patients with structural from not-evidence of disease (SED and NED, respectively) has been investigated. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the performance of ON-T4 hs-Tg in two clinical scenarios considering its negative predictive value (NPV) as primary outcome: (1) diagnostic performance of Tg when undetectable value and NED status are simultaneously demonstrated; (2) prognostic performance of undetectable Tg in predicting NED in the subsequent follow-up. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis were registered on PROSPERO (CRD42019125092). PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL and Web of Science were searched until February 12, 2019. Original articles reporting data on SED/NED in patients with detectable/undetectable ON-T4 hs-Tg were selected. Summary operating points were estimated using a random-effects model. Results Out of 1413 retrieved papers, 10 studies evaluating 1796 patients were included. Participants were outpatients diagnosed with DTC, treated with near-total (NTx) or total thyroidectomy (TTx) with or without radioactive iodine (RAI). The NPV of ON-T4 hs-Tg for diagnostic and prognostic performance was 99.4% (95% CI 98.9–99.9; I2 = 13%) and 99.4% (95% CI 98.8–100; I2 = 0%), respectively. Conclusions Our findings show that ON-T4 hs-Tg is an excellent diagnostic tool and prognostic factor to rule-out SED. A high level of evidence is provided to decrease the intensity and frequency of follow-up in those DTC patients having undetectable high-sensitive Tg.

The experience of conducting a Cochrane systematic review of the impact of clinical pathways on professional practice, patient outcomes, length of stay and hospital costs

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Rotter ◽  
Leigh Kinsman ◽  
Erica James ◽  
Andreas Machotta ◽  
Holger Gothe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Pathways ◽  
Hospital Costs ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Organisation Of Care ◽  
High Level ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Despite the high prevalence of clinical pathways (CPWs), the results from published studies are inconsistent and contradictory. The plethora of study designs, settings and lack of an agreed definition of a CPW make the relevance of individual studies difficult to apply to clinical settings. It was timely to catalogue and analyse the existing evidence base for CPWs via a rigorous systematic review. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses provide a high level of evidence for the effectiveness of interventions and are commonly employed reviewing strategies for addressing scientific questions in health-related research. This method is especially useful when research results are known to be inconsistent. Instead of conducting another primary evaluation, a detailed review is needed that reflects a summation of available research. This paper reports and discusses methodological and technical issues of a systematic review of the effectiveness of CPWs in hospitals, based on our experience with the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group.

Methods for Prevention of Sexual Abuse among Adolescents: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahereh MOKHTARIAN GILANI ◽  
Masoumeh SIMBAR ◽  
Nourossadat KARIMAN ◽  
Tayebeh MOKHTARIAN GILANI ◽  
Shahin BAZZAZIAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
High Level

Background: One of the serious health concerns is rape to adolescents. It is caused by unwanted behaviors through threats, force and physical pressure. The purpose of this study was to review rape in adolescents and methods for its prevention. Methods: This systematic review study was conducted from 2000 to 2017 in the databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus. The CONSORT was used to assess interventional studies. The evaluation of observational studies was performed using the STROBE tool by two researchers independently. Inclusion criteria were studies published from 2000 to 2017, in English languages, and on the samples of 10-20 yr old. Overall, 202 articles published from 2000 to 2017 in English languages were retrieved. Of them, 154 articles were excluded due to lack of inclusion criteria and 38 articles were deleted due to lack of quality And nonrelevance. Finally, 10 articles were selected. Results: In the review of interventional studies, the prevalence of sexual harassment and sexual assault by the means of adolescents’ empowerment and education of self-defense techniques was significantly lower in the intervention group than the control group. In other non-interventional studies, there was a statistically significant relationship between the high level of knowledge and attitude of adolescents and the reduction of risk factors and sexual assault. Conclusion: Promotion of awareness and attitudes through evidence-based interventions can prevent sexual abuse in adolescents. Appropriate education programs in schools and adolescent centers to adolescent students and their caregivers can promote healthy relationships and prevent sexual harassment.

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