Stem cell therapies as a therapeutic option to counter chemo brain: a negative effect of cancer treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1789-1800
Author(s):  
Rohit K Srivastava ◽  
Pratibha Singh
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Cellular Transplantation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Us Fda ◽  
Chemo Brain

Chemo brain, a constellation of cognitive deficiencies followed by chemotherapy drugs, used to treat different types of cancers and adversely impacts the quality of life of a cancer survivor. The underlying mechanism of chemo brain remains vague, thus delaying the advancement of efficient treatments. Unfortunately, there is no US FDA approved medicine for chemo brain and often medicines considered for chemo brain are already the ones approved for other diseases. Nevertheless, researches exploring stem cell transplantation in different neurodegenerative diseases demonstrate that cellular transplantation could reverse chemotherapy-induced chemo brain. This review talks about the mechanism behind the cognitive impairments instigated by different chemotherapy drugs used in cancer treatment, and how stem cell therapy could be advantageous to overcome this disease.

Role of Stem Cells in Cancer Therapeutics

2021 ◽  
pp. 467-485
Author(s):  
Madhu Rani ◽  
Sumit Kumar ◽  
M. Moshahid Alam Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Potential Applications

Stem cells are pluripotent cells having capacity of self-renewal and produce various types of mature cells. Cancer stem cells are known to be responsible for drug resistance and tumor relapse, yet stem cells offer multiple avenues to treat same. Stem cells have been employed for treating of blood and immune systems damaged during chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Stem cell transplantation is emerged as critical therapy in cancer treatment, yet other potential applications of stem cells in cancer treatment are largely unexplored or underutilized. Recently, stem cells reengineered express different cytotoxic agents. It has shown to cause tumor regression and enhance the animal survival in preclinical studies. Stem cell therapy can be also employed for targeted drug delivery, gene delivery, and even used as virus to target cancer cell. In recent years, research is devoted on stem cells worldwide for new and newer application. Although the field of stem cells is nascent and raises many ethical concerns, scientific responsibilities, and future challenges, scientific community are still hopeful and filled with optimism. Currently, stem cell therapy represents the beginning of the new era in cancer treatment and giving a ray of hope to clinicians and also patients who are suffering from untreatable diseases and desperately looking for new therapies. In the present chapter, the authors mainly shed light on potential applications of stem cells to treat cancer. At the end, they also discussed the factor influencing stem cell therapies and current challenges in stem cell therapy.

scholarly journals Particle-based artificial three-dimensional stem cell spheroids for revascularization of ischemic diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (19) ◽  
pp. eaaz8011
Author(s):  
Ran Zhang ◽  
Wenya Luo ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Dashuai Zhu ◽  
Adam C. Midgley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Systemic Delivery ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Secreted Factors ◽  
Ischemic Tissue ◽  
Enhanced Secretion ◽  
3D Spheroids

Development of new approaches to biomimetically reconstruct vasculature networks remains challenging in regenerative medicine. We introduce a particle-based artificial stem cell spheroid (ASSP) technology that recapitulates paracrine functions of three-dimensional (3D) SSPs for vasculature regeneration. Specifically, we used a facile method to induce the aggregation of stem cells into 3D spheroids, which benefited from hypoxia microenvironment–driven and enhanced secretion of proangiogenic bioactive factors. Furthermore, we artificially reconstructed 3D spheroids (i.e., ASSP) by integration of SSP-secreted factors into micro-/nanoparticles with cell membrane–derived surface coatings. The easily controllable sizes of the ASSP particles provided superior revascularization effects on the ischemic tissues in hindlimb ischemia models through local administration of ASSP microparticles and in myocardial infarction models via the systemic delivery of ASSP nanoparticles. The strategy offers a promising therapeutic option for ischemic tissue regeneration and addresses issues faced by the bottlenecked development in the delivery of stem cell therapies.

Sternal bone marrow is a suitable autologous cell source for cardiac stem cell therapies

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Arar ◽  
A. Rotärmel ◽  
A.-K. Knoefel ◽  
H. Baraki ◽  
I. Kutschka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cardiac Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Autologous Cell ◽  
Cell Source

PROSPECTS FOR HIGH-DOSE CHEMOTHERAPY WITH AUTOLOGOUS HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN THE FIRST LINE OF THERAPY FOR AGGRESSIVE NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-328
Author(s):  
Larisa Filatova ◽  
Yevgeniya Kharchenko ◽  
Sergey Alekseev ◽  
Ilya Zyuzgin ◽  
Anna Artemeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
High Dose Chemotherapy ◽  
High Dose ◽  
First Line ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas

Currently there is no single approach to treatment for aggressive diffuse large-cell B-cell lymphoma (Double-HIT and Triple-HIT). Accumulated world data remain controversial and, given the unfavorable prognosis in this subgroup, high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation in the first line of treatment is a therapeutic option.

Endometrial Regeneration in Asherman's Syndrome: Clinical and Translational evidence of Stem Cell Therapies

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 454-459
Author(s):  
Xuejing Hou ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Isabelle Streuli ◽  
Patrick Dällenbach ◽  
Jean Dubuisson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Intrauterine Adhesions ◽  
Asherman’S Syndrome ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Fibrotic Process ◽  
Physical Barriers

Asherman’s Syndrome or Intrauterine adhesions is an acquired uterine condition where fibrous scarring forms within the uterine cavity, resulting in reduced menstrual flow, pelvic pain and infertility. Until recently, the molecular mechanisms leading to the formation of fibrosis were poorly understood, and the treatment of Asherman’s syndrome has largely focused on hysteroscopic resection of adhesions, hormonal therapy, and physical barriers. Numerous studies have begun exploring the molecular mechanisms behind the fibrotic process underlying Asherman’s Syndrome as well as the role of stem cells in the regeneration of the endometrium as a treatment modality. The present review offers a summary of available stem cell-based regeneration studies, as well as highlighting current gaps in research.

Stem Cell Therapies

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
Ana Muñoz ◽  
Víctor Galvez ◽  
María Camarasa
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Therapies

scholarly journals Crk and CrkL as Therapeutic Targets for Cancer Treatment

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 739
Author(s):  
Taeju Park
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Viral Oncoprotein ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Cell Functions

Crk and CrkL are cellular counterparts of the viral oncoprotein v-Crk. Crk and CrkL are overexpressed in many types of human cancer, correlating with poor prognosis. Furthermore, gene knockdown and knockout of Crk and CrkL in tumor cell lines suppress tumor cell functions, including cell proliferation, transformation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, resistance to chemotherapy drugs, and in vivo tumor growth and metastasis. Conversely, overexpression of tumor cells with Crk or CrkL enhances tumor cell functions. Therefore, Crk and CrkL have been proposed as therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. However, it is unclear whether Crk and CrkL make distinct or overlapping contributions to tumor cell functions in various cancer types because Crk or CrkL have been examined independently in most studies. Two recent studies using colorectal cancer and glioblastoma cells clearly demonstrated that Crk and CrkL need to be ablated individually and combined to understand distinct and overlapping roles of the two proteins in cancer. A comprehensive understanding of individual and overlapping roles of Crk and CrkL in tumor cell functions is necessary to develop effective therapeutic strategies. This review systematically discusses crucial functions of Crk and CrkL in tumor cell functions and provides new perspectives on targeting Crk and CrkL in cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Long-Term Cryopreservation Does Not Affect Quality of Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Grafts: A Comparative Study of Native, Short-Term and Long-Term Cryopreserved Haematopoietic Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 096368972110360
Author(s):  
Daniel Lysak ◽  
Michaela Brychtová ◽  
Martin Leba ◽  
Miroslava Čedíková ◽  
Daniel Georgiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Cd34 Cells ◽  
Negative Effect

Cryopreserved haematopoietic progenitor cells are used to restore autologous haematopoiesis after high dose chemotherapy. Although the cells are routinely stored for a long period, concerns remain about the maximum storage time and the possible negative effect of storage on their potency. We evaluated the effect of cryopreservation on the quality of peripheral stem cell grafts stored for a short (3 months) and a long (10 years) period and we compared it to native products.The viability of CD34+ cells remained unaffected during storage, the apoptotic cells were represented up to 10% and did not differ between groups. The clonogenic activity measured by ATP production has decreased with the length of storage (ATP/cell 1.28 nM in native vs. 0.63 in long term stored products, P < 0.05). Only borderline changes without statistical significance were detected when examining mitochondrial and aldehyde dehydrogenase metabolic activity and intracellular pH, showing their good preservation during cell storage. Our experience demonstrates that cryostorage has no major negative effect on stem cell quality and potency, and therefore autologous stem cells can be stored safely for an extended period of at least 10 years. On the other hand, long term storage for 10 years and longer may lead to mild reduction of clonogenic capacity. When a sufficient dose of stem cells is infused, these changes will not have a clinical impact. However, in products stored beyond 10 years, especially when a low number of CD34+ cells is available, the quality of stem cell graft should be verified before infusion using the appropriate potency assays.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document