scholarly journals PROPTOSIS AND DIPLOPIA AS CONSEQUENCES IN TRAUMA OF CRANIOFACIAL JUNCTION

2017 ◽  
pp. 038
Author(s):  
Srbislav Pajić ◽  
Tanja Boljević ◽  
Svetlana Antić ◽  
Milutin Mrvaljević ◽  
Milena Cojić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Energy Impact ◽  
Ophthalmic Manifestations ◽  
Sinus Wall ◽  
Progressive Growth

In the trauma of craniofacial junction, frontal sinus wall fractures take up 5-15% of all facial bone fractures. The most common mechanism of their occurrence comes as a result of the action of high-energy impact force on the frontal area. Treatment of the injuries in frontal-orbital-ethmoidal regions largely depends on the responsible experts (otolaryngologist, maxillofacial surgeon or neurosurgeon)  in all cases, because of the implementation of diverse surgical technics  in order to achieve the best possible outcome for the patient. Bearing in mind the complex anatomical features of this region, it is clear that these procedures are often accompanied by series of possible complications, all of which are certainly neurosurgical. These can be expressed as early or late complications, and  could be characterized by diverse clinical manifestations. Mucocele is formed, either due to partial obstruction of the sinus mucosa or due to the obstruction of the frontal sinus. The long term existence of mucocele and its progressive growth will result in strong pressure on the adjacent bones, and lead to their destruction followed by the process-propagation into  surrounding tissues  and spaces. In the further development  if a bacterial contamination is detected, it will lead to the purulent inflammatory process and clinical picture of mucopyocele. In most clinical cases with complications proptosis and diplopia are dominant ophthalmic manifestations. In this paper we will  present our experience in the treatment of proptosis and diplopia, as well as the ways of diagnostic evaluation  in order to achieve timely diagnosis  and assure swift healing of patients.

Mullite Diffusion Barriers for SiC-C/C Composites Produced by Pulsed Laser Deposition

1998 ◽  
Vol 555 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Fritze ◽  
A. Schnittker ◽  
T. Witke ◽  
C. Rüscher ◽  
S. Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulsed Laser Deposition ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Target Material ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Laser Deposition ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Energy Impact ◽  
Diffusion Parameters

AbstractPulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) allows the ablation of nonconductive and high melting point target materials and the preparation of films with complex composition. High energy impact leads to melting and evaporation of the target material in a single step. In case of mullite ablation, the flux of the metal components is stoichiometric. Under reduced pressure the oxygen content in the layers decreases. However, after a short oxidation treatment, the formation of mullite in the coating is completed, as confirmed by IR spectroscopy and XRD investigations. For a commercial Si-SiC precoated C/C material, the effectiveness of additional PLD mullite layers as outer oxidation protection is tested in the temperature range 773 K < T < 1873 K. Mullite coatings with a thickness of 2.5 pm improve the oxidation behaviour significantly. Because of SiO2 formation at the mullite-SiC interface, all samples exhibited a mass increase upon oxidation. For oxidation durations of three days, only amorphous SiO2 is formed at the mullite-SiC interface. The inward diffusion of oxygen across the outer mullite-containing layer controls the kinetics of the reaction, as was deduced from 18O diffusivity measurements in PLD mullite layers. At temperatures close to the eutectic temperature (1860 K), mullite can seal defects. The calculated oxidation rates resulting from the diffusion parameters in SiO2 and mullite are close to the thermogravimetric data.

Intracranial diverticulum of the frontal sinus as a complication of frontal craniotomy

1979 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 870-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Anne Hayman ◽  
Alfonso E. Aldama-Luebbert ◽  
Robert A. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Anterior Cranial Fossa ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sinus Wall ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
Sinus Mucosa ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A large air-filled intracranial extradural diverticulum of the frontal sinus mucosa was removed from the anterior cranial fossa of a 47-year-old man 2 years after fracture of the posterior sinus wall during craniotomy.

High energy impact techniques application for surface grain refinement in AZ91D magnesium alloy

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (13) ◽  
pp. 4658-4665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-feng Hou ◽  
Ying-hui Wei ◽  
Bao-sheng Liu ◽  
Bing-she Xu
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Az91d Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Energy Impact

Treatment of Peaty Clay by High Energy Impact

1979 ◽  
Vol 105 (8) ◽  
pp. 957-967
Author(s):  
Salem D. Ramaswamy ◽  
Seng-Lip Lee ◽  
M.H. Abdul Khader ◽  
Raja V. Subrahmanyam ◽  
Mohamed A. Aziz
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Impact

Solitary Frontal Sinus Fractures Compared to Multiple Facial Fractures, Energy Impact Dependency

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1812-1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efi Weitman ◽  
Dekel Shilo ◽  
Omri Emodi ◽  
Adi Rachmiel
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Facial Fractures ◽  
Energy Impact

scholarly journals Bilateral temporal bone fractures: a case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Kiran Natarajan ◽  
Koka Madhav ◽  
A. V. Saraswathi ◽  
Mohan Kameswaran
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Csf Leak ◽  
The Right ◽  
Temporal Bones

<p>Bilateral temporal bone fractures are rare; accounting for 9% to 20% of cases of temporal bone fractures. Clinical manifestations include hearing loss, facial paralysis, CSF otorhinorrhea and dizziness. This is a case report of a patient who presented with bilateral temporal bone fractures. This is a report of a 23-yr-old male who sustained bilateral temporal bone fractures and presented 18 days later with complaints of watery discharge from left ear and nose, bilateral profound hearing loss and facial weakness on the right side. Pure tone audiometry revealed bilateral profound sensori-neural hearing loss. CT temporal bones &amp; MRI scans of brain were done to assess the extent of injuries. The patient underwent left CSF otorrhea repair, as the CSF leak was active and not responding to conservative management. One week later, the patient underwent right facial nerve decompression. The patient could not afford a cochlear implant (CI) in the right ear at the same sitting, however, implantation was advised as soon as possible because of the risk of cochlear ossification. The transcochlear approach was used to seal the CSF leak from the oval and round windows on the left side. The facial nerve was decompressed on the right side. The House-Brackmann grade improved from Grade V to grade III at last follow-up. Patients with bilateral temporal bone fractures require prompt assessment and management to decrease the risk of complications such as meningitis, permanent facial paralysis or hearing loss. </p>

scholarly journals Histological and ultrastructural changes in turkey liver under intensive rear-ing and influence of xenobiotics

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (99) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
O. М. Shchebentovska ◽  
A. K. Kostyniuk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Fatty Degeneration ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Synthetic Activity ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Limited Mobility

Liver problems of various etiologies in turkeys have been reported in many countries for the last 20 years. Poultry dies having no clinical manifestations of the disease, and at pathological autopsy, diffuse haemorrhages and marked dystrophic changes of the organ are noted. To date, there are several factors that can cause such changes, these are unbalanced amino-acid feed, insufficient calcium, biotin, selenium, the very high energy content of feed; zootechnical factors – limited mobility of birds due to cage density violations, high temperature; genetic factors – the influence of estrogens; infectious factors – E. coli, Clostridium, and viruses of Picornaviridae family. The article describes the histopathological and ultrastructural changes in the turkey liver under the influence of various factors. The material for the research was obtained from a farm where turkeys of the “Hybrid Converter” cross are grown, same age, fed with a standard diet that changed according to the technological map of cultivation. On the 50th day of life, a pathological autopsy of the dead poultry was performed, pieces of liver were selected for histological and ultrastructural examination. The visual assessment revealed significantly enlarged liver, the colour from dark red to light brown, flabby consistency. In some cases, diffuse fatty infiltrations of hepatocytes were histologically revealed, in other cases, focal necrosis with the growth of the connective tissue and the formation of massive perivascular couplings were registered. Large vacuolar fatty degeneration of hepatocytes with subsequent development of fibrosis indicates chronic intoxication, probably caused by slow breakdown of fatty acids in cells due to insufficient oxidative phosphorylation, as well as reduced levels of lipotropic factors: choline, methionine and the vitamins. At the ultrastructural level, a large number of lipid inclusions of various sizes, dystrophic changes in mitochondria were observed, which indicates a decrease in the synthetic activity of cells.

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