Cash Holdings, Commercial Paper and Liquidity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 850-856
Author(s):  
Kelly Oniha
Keyword(s):  
Cash Holdings ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Financial Impact ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Least Square Regression ◽  
Commercial Paper ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression

Abstract: Managing Liquidity has seldom been being as vital as it has during the Covid-19 era. The financial impact of Covid-19 has left many firms on the brink of liquidation. This paper explores the effect cash holdings has had on Profitability of the firm and how it compares with commercial paper between the pre-Covid-19 era and the Covid-19 era. This paper employs and compares the ordinary least square regression between these eras. I find that firms are less liquid during the Covid-19 period compared to the pre-covid period. More importantly, I find that Liquidity has been more critical to a firm's Profitability during Covid-19 era compared to pre-covid 19 periods. Furthermore, Cash holdings represent a significant chunk of Liquidity. However, these Cash holdings dropped by a little in the covid-19 era. Finally, I find that both commercial paper and cash holdings are used as complements. However, this result is weakly supported during the pre-covid period.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL EXPERTISE ON COMPENSATION AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS TURNOVER

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Danar Irianto ◽  
Nuranisa Anugerah
Keyword(s):  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Graduate Degree ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Post Graduate ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Least Square Regression ◽  
Financial Expertise ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
Financial Company

This research aims to explains association between financial expertise of directors to directors compensation and directors turnover of Indonesia non financial company in 2011-2012. Using ordinary least square regression we used four variables to define financial expertise of directors: age of the directors, tenure of the directors, the post-graduate degree (MBA), and the accounting certification (CPA). However, this study found no association financial expertise to compensation and directors turnover. We hope this study can contributes to financial expertise, compensation, and turnover literature. We also provide implications for companies in determining the compensation of directors based on financial expertise. Further research can be improve by add new variabel such as complexcity and board size.

scholarly journals Bike-Sharing Systems in Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Bieliński ◽  
Agnieszka Kwapisz ◽  
Agnieszka Ważna
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Least Square Regression ◽  
Bike Sharing ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Mode Of Transportation ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
Urban Characteristics

Bike-sharing is widely recognized as an eco-friendly mode of transportation and seen as one of the solutions to the problem of air pollution and congestion. As there is little research exploring the performance of bicycle-sharing systems (BSS), many municipal authorities invest in their development without knowledge of their effectiveness. Therefore, the aim of this article is to identify factors that correlate with BSS performance. Data related to BSS and urban characteristics were collected for the 56 cities in Poland, which is the population of BSS systems in this country. The Ordinary Least Square regression model was used to estimate the model. Additionally, to support our findings, a survey of 3631 cyclists was conducted. Our main findings show that BSS performance was positively related to cities’ population, tourism, number of bike stations per capita, congestion, bicycle pathways’ length and higher temperature, and negatively related to precipitation. We have also found that one BSS operator was more effective compared to the others.

scholarly journals Effect of Capital Structure on the Profitability of Listed Insurance Firms in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-45
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Least Square Regression ◽  
Multiple Regression Technique ◽  
Insurance Firms ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression

This study examined the effect of capital structure on profitability of listed insurance firms in Nigeria for the period 2013-2017 The study used correlation research design. The source of data which were collected from the published annual financial reports of studies listed insurance firms in Nigeria. The population of the study comprised of the 28 listed insurance firms. The sample size was fifteen (15) listed insurance firms in Nigeria. The data collected were analyzed with the aid of OLS multiple regression technique. Using 75 firm-year paneled observations, the result of the ordinary least square regression showed that short-term debt has a negative and significant effect on the profitability of listed insurance firms in Nigeria. In addition, long-term debt has a positive and significant effect on profitability. Finally, premium growth has positively significant effect on profitability of listed insurance firms. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the management of listed insurance firms should strive towards having optimum capital structure by increasing their equity level and reducing dependence on debts so as to avoid being cash strapped and debt ridden.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF JOB INSECURITY ON THE ABILITY OF EMPLOYEES’ TO MEET SET TARGETS IN POLARIS BANK PLC, GWAGWALADA, ABUJA

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-104
Author(s):  
Nana Bature ◽  
◽  
Theresa Ndulue ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Retirement ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Least Square Regression ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression

This study examined the effects of job insecurity on the ability of employees to meet set targets in Polaris Bank Plc, Gwagwalada, Abuja.The study investigated how fear of unexpected sack, perceived powerlessness about employees’ job and fear of early retirement affect the ability of employees to meet set targets in Polaris Bank Plc, Gwagwalada, Abuja. The survey research design was used in the study and data was collected from primary source with the use of questionnaire. The Ordinary Least Square regression technique was the statistical tool used to test the hypotheses of the study. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between job insecurity and the ability of employees to meet set targets in Polaris Bank Plc, Gwagwalada, Abuja. The study recommends that the management of the bank should ensure that employees are not treated as mere ‘use and dump slaves’ but as dignified workforce with feelings and emotions. The study concludes that fear of unexpected sack; perceived powerlessness about employees’ job has a positive significant effect on the ability of employees to meet set targets in Polaris Bank Plc, Gwagwalada, Abuja.

scholarly journals Impact of Direct and Indirect Tax on the Nigerian Economic Growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyebisi Mary Ogundana ◽  
Oyedele Mary Ogundana ◽  
Oyeyemi Mercy Ogundana ◽  
Ayodotun Stephen Ibidunni ◽  
Adebola Adetoyinbo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Least Square Regression ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
The Impact

This research examined the direct and indirect impact of taxation on the Nigerian economic growth. This research centered on two major objectives by focusing on the trend of direct and indirect tax and the impact of the Nigerian tax system on the growth of the economy.  The research adopted the descriptive research design.  The secondary source of data was also engaged as this data was from CBN statistical bulletin and the annual reports from 1994-2013. The research also used the ordinary least square regression technique. With the use of E-views 7.1 to analyze the data, the first objective was achieved by using graphical analysis while the second objective used ordinary least square regression analysis. The results reveal that the direct and indirect tax have a positive impact on the economy of Nigeria. Therefore, it is recommended that government should take advantage of taxation and promote tax system in Nigeria.

EVALUATING RESPONSE MECHANISMS IN A LIFE-SPACE MOBILITY INSTRUMENT WITH A ‘STEM AND LEAF’ FORMAT

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
C. SIORDIA
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Life Space ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Least Square Regression ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
Established Population

Background: Life-space mobility scales in the very old (aged 80+) have begun to be used as a way ofgauging their enacted mobility. Objectives:To investigate if there is evidence that response patterns are beingaffected by the “stem and leaf” format of a life-space mobility instrument. Methods:Descriptive statistics,readability ease scoring, ten ordinary least square regression on a total of 698 females and 376 males from Wave-7 collected during 2010-2011 for the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of theElderly. Results:Response patterns seem to indicate that the stem and leaf format of the life-space mobilityinstrument is not creating item non-response, illogical responses, or ‘no’ responses. Conclusions:Because self-reports are so frequently used, more research is needed to ascertain how instrument formats affect responsemechanisms.

scholarly journals Board Independence, Nomination and Remuneration Committee, and Compensation in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Puteri Alfarisa, Iman Harymawan
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Opportunistic Behavior ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Least Square Regression ◽  
Optimal Contracting ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
The Relationship

This article aims to examine the relationship between independent commissioners and nomination and remuneration committee (KNR) and their interaction with directors’ compensation using companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) and ordinary least square regression analysis technique. This study found that independent commissioners negatively associated with directors' compensation which showed that companies with a higher ratio of independent commissioners provide less directors' compensation due to optimal supervision of management’s opportunistic behavior. In contrast, KNR is positively associated with directors' compensation which means that companies with KNR provide greater compensation because, according to the "optimal contracting approach", the board is assumed to design compensation schemes to provide managers with efficient incentives to maximize shareholder value. Meanwhile, the interaction between the two variables is not associated with directors' compensation because of the negating effect which shows that companies with independent commissioners and KNR do not have a tendency for directors' compensation.

scholarly journals Factors influencing involvement of youth in poultry production in Abia State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
Daniel Chinomso Nmeregini ◽  
Gideon Chinedu Onuekwusi ◽  
Ndidiamaka Martha Ekweanya ◽  
Chinyere Sarah Elezue
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Least Square Regression ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
The Cost

The study assessed the factors influencing the involvement of youths in poultry production in Abia State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study assessed the extent of youth’s involvement in poultry production; and ascertained the perceived factors that influence the involvement of youths in poultry production. Multistage sampling procedure was employed in selecting 120 young poultry farmers. Data collected were analyzed using percentage, and mean, as well as ordinary least square regression analysis. Results revealed that the youths in the study area participated moderately in poultry production and the foremost poultry production activities being participated by the youths included feeding ( x̄ = 2.81), packing and replacement of litters ( x̄ = 2.59), and vaccination/medication ( x̄ = 2.54). Moreover, the perceived factors influencing the youths’ involvement in poultry production were income ( = 3.69), cost of feed ( = 3.45), and availability of land ( x̄ = 3.33). The coefficients of age (0.013), membership to co-operative (0.042), years of experience (0.016), and extension contact (0.015) were positive and significantly influenced the involvement of the youths in poultry production. Enabling youths’ access to credits, subsidizing the cost of feed, and organizing training for the youths on poultry production were recommended. Keywords: Involvement, agripreneurship, poultry production, youths

Remittances and households’ savings behaviour in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Salahuddin ◽  
Muhammad Mehedi Masud ◽  
Kwek Kian Teng
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
National Level ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Pension Scheme ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Least Square Regression ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of remittance inflow on households’ savings behaviour in Bangladesh. Remittances are considered as the countercyclical flow of income for its recipient economies. It surges the liquidity of the households receiving remittances, allows them to endure local economic shocks and facilitates them to practice productive activities. Remittances often form a big pool of resources for investment which complement the national savings and support the country’s growth through higher rates of capital accumulation. Therefore, if a significant portion of the remittance is used for savings it can lead to prominent economic growth in the long term. Design/methodology/approach Existing literature indicates remittance-receiving households have a greater propensity to use remittance income to meet basic consumption. However, based on the survey conducted by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics on remittances and household savings (SIR, 2016) and using the ordinary least square regression analysis method, to identify the connection between remittances and household’s saving (SIR, 2016) and using the ordinary least square regression analysis method, to identify the connection between remittances and household’s savings behaviour in Bangladesh. Findings The findings of this study represent remittances encourage households to pursue different kinds of savings in Bangladesh. Savings are made in the form of opening savings accounts, deposit pension scheme/fixed deposits/Bonds, insurance policies, also savings through non-governmental organizations, cooperative societies and savings at home. Other than remittances the demographic characteristics of the household head also influence the savings choices. Originality/value To enable the implementation of appropriate policies to boost savings, analysis from both perspectives; the household and the national level, requires strong vigilance and surveillance.

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