Barium studies of the gastrointestinal tract – (c) large intestine

Background: With increasing usage of endoscopic procedures, gastrointestinal polypoidal lesions are commonly encountered specimens. Histopathological examination is crucial as biological behavior is dependent on its pathological nature. Materials and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study performed in Pathology department, Om Hospital and Research Centre from January 2017 to June 2019. The study included lesions received as polyp or polypoidal lesions of gastrointestinal tract for histopathological examination. Data was analysed using SPSS version 17.0. Gender, number and site were analysed using Chi square test to evaluate its association with neoplastic nature. Correlation with age and size was tested with Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: Among 150 cases of gastrointestinal tract polypoidal lesions, 58% were seen in male and 42% in female. Hyperplastic polyp and conventional adenoma were the commonest non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions respectively. The age of patients ranged from 7 to 84 years with a mean age of 50 years. Rectosigmoid region was the commonest site. 134 patients had single and 16 had multiple polypoidal lesions. Most polypoidal lesion had size <1 cm. Gender, age, number and size showed no correlation with neoplastic nature. A significant association was found with site with notably higher number of neoplastic lesions in large intestine. Conclusion: A spectrum of histological types of polypoidal lesions were found in Gastrointestinal tract, most frequently in colorectal region. Hyperplastic polyp and adenomatous polyp were the commonest non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions respectively. A notably higher number of polypoidal lesions in the large intestine were found to be neoplastic in nature.

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C-Type Natriuretic Peptide Specifically Acts on the Pylorus and Large Intestine in Mouse Gastrointestinal Tract

American Journal Of Pathology ◽

10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.09.015 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 182 (1) ◽

pp. 172-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Chizuru Sogawa ◽

Hidekatsu Wakizaka ◽

Winn Aung ◽

Zhao-hui Jin ◽

Atsushi B. Tsuji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Natriuretic Peptide ◽

Large Intestine

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Description of the gastrointestinal tract and associated organs of the kultarr (Antechinomys laniger)

Australian Mammalogy ◽

10.1071/am12003 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 39 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hayley J. Stannard ◽

Julie M. Old

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Large Intestine ◽

Cell Types ◽

Post Mortem ◽

Microscopic Description ◽

Future Studies ◽

New Information ◽

Small And Large Intestine

This paper provides a macro- and microscopic description of the digestive tract of the kultarr (Antechinomys laniger), a small dasyurid marsupial. The digestive tract was simple, with no external differentiation between the small and large intestine, and lacked a caecum. Mean gross length of the kultarr digestive tract was 165.2 ± 32.1 mm. Microscopically, the tissues had cell types similar to those of other mammals. The new information will aid future post-mortem investigations of captive kultarrs and future studies of nutrition.

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Pyrosequencing-based analysis of the complex microbiota located in the gastrointestinal tracts of growing-finishing pigs

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an16799 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (5) ◽

pp. 870 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Wang ◽

Y. Han ◽

J. Z. Zhao ◽

Z. J. Zhou ◽

H. Fan

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Large Intestine ◽

Production Efficiency ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Finishing Pigs ◽

Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽

Bacterial Phyla ◽

Principal Coordinates ◽

Colon And Rectum

The commensal gut microbial communities play an important role in the health and production efficiency of growing-finishing pigs. This study aimed to analyse the composition and diversity of the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract sections (stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum, colon and rectum) of growing-finishing pigs. This analysis was assessed using 454 pyrosequencing targeting the V3–V6 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Samples were collected from 20, healthy pigs aged 24 weeks and weighing 115.9 ± 5.4 kg. The dominant bacterial phyla in the various gastrointestinal tract sections were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. At the genus level, Prevotella, unclassified Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcus, unclassified Ruminococcaceae and Oscillospira were more abundant in the large intestine than in the stomach and the small intestine. Unclassified Peptostreptococcaceae and Corynebacterium were more abundant in the small intestine than in the stomach and the large intestine. Shuttleworthia, unclassified Veillonellaceae and Mitsuokella were more abundant in the stomach than in the small and large intestines. At the species level, M. el.s.d.enii and M. multacida were predominant in the stomach. In addition, P. stercorea, P. copri, C. butyricum, R. flavefaciens and R. bromii were significantly more abundant in the large intestine than in the stomach and the small intestine. B. pseudolongum and B. thermacidophilum were significantly more abundant in the small intestine than in the stomach and the large intestine. Principal coordinates analysis showed that the overall composition of the pig gastrointestinal microbiota could be clustered into three groups: stomach, small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) and large intestine (caecum, colon and rectum). Venn diagrams illustrated the distribution of shared and specific operational taxonomic units among the various gastrointestinal tract sections.

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Gastrointestinal physiology

10.1093/med/9780198765875.003.0035 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Mark Harrison

Keyword(s):

Emergency Medicine ◽

Small Intestine ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Large Intestine ◽

Functional Anatomy ◽

Gastrointestinal Physiology

This chapter describes gastrointestinal physiology as it applies to Emergency Medicine, and in particular the Primary FRCEM examination. The chapter outlines the key details of the functional anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract, saliva, swallowing, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and large intestine. This chapter is laid out exactly following the RCEM syllabus, to allow easy reference and consolidation of learning.

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INDIGENOUS, NORMAL, AND AUTOCHTHONOUS FLORA OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.122.1.67 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 122 (1) ◽

pp. 67-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 167

Author(s):

René Dubos ◽

Russell W. Schaedler ◽

Richard Costello ◽

Philippe Hoet

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Large Intestine ◽

Animal Species ◽

Healthy Adult ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Bacterial Flora ◽

Evolutionary Development ◽

Adult Mice ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Characteristic Localization

The bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal tract differs qualitatively and quantitatively from one colony of mice to another. Certain components of this flora, however, are always present in large and approximately constant numbers in healthy adult mice, irrespective of the colony from which the animals are derived. Lactobacilli and anaerobic streptococci are extremely numerous in the stomach, the small intestine, and the large intestine. In contrast, organisms of the bacteroides group proliferate only in the large intestine. These three bacterial species persist at approximately constant levels in their characteristic localization throughout the life span of healthy animals. They are closely associated with the walls of the digestive organs, and are probably concentrated in the mucous layer. A few experiments carried out with rats and young swine indicate that lactobacilli are also present in large numbers in the stomach of these animal species. It is suggested that some of the components of the gastrointestinal flora have become symbiotic with their hosts in the course of evolutionary development and thus constitute a true autochthonous flora. The other components of the indigenous flora are acquired early in life either through accidental contact or because they are ubiquitous in the environment. The "normal" flora is that which is always present in the environment of the animal colony under consideration.

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Contribution of rat liver and gastrointestinal tract to whole-body protein synthesis in the rat

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj1860381 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 186 (1) ◽

pp. 381-383 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

M A McNurlan ◽

P J Garlick

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Rat Liver ◽

Large Intestine ◽

Whole Body ◽

Body Protein ◽

Small And Large Intestine

The rate of protein synthesis was assessed in liver, stomach, small and large intestine and in the whole body of rats by injection of 100 mumol of [14C]leucine/100 g body wt. In each of the tissues turnover was very rapid, so that taken together they accounted for 43% of the protein synthesized by the whole animal.

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Hindgut fermentation in dogs

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200029045 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 65-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

I Singh ◽

W Hendriks ◽

L Tucker ◽

D G Thomas ◽

G Fahey

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Large Intestine ◽

Fibrous Material ◽

Intestinal Tract ◽

Microbial Population ◽

Large Body ◽

Relative Length ◽

Life Stages ◽

Nutritional Needs ◽

Gastro Intestinal Tract

There is a large body of research investigating the nutritional needs of the dog at different life-stages and the use of different feed ingredients in commercial diets (Clapper et al, 2001; Schroeder & Smith, 2008). Despite this, though there has been relatively little published work looking at the role the large intestine plays in nutrient digestion in the dog. The dog’s gastro-intestinal tract has been compared to the cat’s in terms of relative length. However the cat is a true carnivore and has little need to ferment fibre from the diet, whereas the dog is a scavenger and will consume a much wider range of food, and therefore may need to ferment fibrous material from the diet. The dog may therefore require a more developed large intestine to harbour a microbial population to aid in the digestion of this fibrous material. This study was performed to determine differences in digestion of nutrients in this segment of the canine gastrointestinal tract.

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