BEHAVIORAL PREDICTIONS BASED ON PERCEPTIONS OF FACIAL EXPRESSIONS OF EMOTION

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
Feeling States ◽  
Affective Processes ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion ◽  
Behavioral Predictions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Affective Expressions

Current theory and research on the emotions have tended to overlook the importance and possible role of perception on the activation of or change in the feeling states of the individual. Consequently the interaction of the perceptual subsystem with the individual in a predictive or behavioral way has likewise been largely ignored by emotion researchers. Ironically other fields of research give us some insight into the perceptual and affective processes. In this study subjects were presented with thirty different photographs of people posing in several different emotions. In addition to asking some “traditional” questions as identifying the emotion expressed or rating how strongly or well the emotions were communicated, subjects were also asked to make predictions as to how often they would either see or perform each expression. The pattern of results obtained was generally consistent with what was expected, and were important in at least two ways: (1) Neutral expressions were found to vary in similar ways with other affective expressions, implying that what we have been considering as neutral may in actuality be a lower-level interaction of affects, rather than a state of non-affect; (2) these results open the way for studies involving the process of perception, and provide a framework from which we can describe the role of the perceptual subsystem within the affect system.

scholarly journals Intra-Colonial Viral Infections in Western Honey Bees (Apis mellifera)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1087
Author(s):  
Loreley Castelli ◽  
María Laura Genchi García ◽  
Anne Dalmon ◽  
Daniela Arredondo ◽  
Karina Antúnez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Bee Virus ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Bee Viruses

RNA viruses play a significant role in the current high losses of pollinators. Although many studies have focused on the epidemiology of western honey bee (Apis mellifera) viruses at the colony level, the dynamics of virus infection within colonies remains poorly explored. In this study, the two main variants of the ubiquitous honey bee virus DWV as well as three major honey bee viruses (SBV, ABPV and BQCV) were analyzed from Varroa-destructor-parasitized pupae. More precisely, RT-qPCR was used to quantify and compare virus genome copies across honey bee pupae at the individual and subfamily levels (i.e., patrilines, sharing the same mother queen but with different drones as fathers). Additionally, virus genome copies were compared in cells parasitized by reproducing and non-reproducing mite foundresses to assess the role of this vector. Only DWV was detected in the samples, and the two variants of this virus significantly differed when comparing the sampling period, colonies and patrilines. Moreover, DWV-A and DWV-B exhibited different infection patterns, reflecting contrasting dynamics. Altogether, these results provide new insight into honey bee diseases and stress the need for more studies about the mechanisms of intra-colonial disease variation in social insects.

Brand-Led Transformation

2019 ◽  
pp. 1022-1051
Author(s):  
Pier M. Massa
Keyword(s):  
Current Theory ◽  
Fundamental Change ◽  
Specific Change ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Service Businesses ◽  
Structured Approach ◽  
Insight Into

Brand-led transformation is about leveraging the power of a corporate brand to drive fundamental change within organisations. Focused on complex service businesses, the brand serves as the starting point for a systematic process of transformation that drives change down to the level of business operations. This ensures that the principles of the promise are experienced in every interaction that the company has with its customers. Organizations typically struggle with translating brand-led customer-centric strategies into tangible and specific change outcomes at the front line. This chapter melds a practitioner's view with current theory and offers pragmatic and proven approaches to translating these strategies into a framework and a methodology that drives direct customer and company benefits with successful enterprise-wide outcomes that impact the full business. In addition, this structured approach is complemented with insight into a deeper review of the role of agents of change and their impact on implementation across the organization.

scholarly journals Exploring the Role of Dermatoglyphics in Learning- A Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-303
Author(s):  
Charu Dhankar
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Intelligence ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Methods Of Learning ◽  
Present Case Study ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Acquisition Method

The nature nurture issue has been an important debate in all aspects of the individual development. According to Jensen’s heritability ratio, hereditary has an impeccable influence in the development process. Based on these, dermatoglyphics has been used in the present case study in order to observe the innate potential of an individual, to give parents an insight into their child’s hidden potential and to groom them effectively. The present case study is confined to the acquiring methods and unique quotients of the subject. The findings of the study revealed the unique quotients of the subject and the best suitable acquisition method for the subject.  Aim/Purpose: To test the methods of learning and unique quotients of the subject with the help of Dermatoglyphics Multiple Intelligence Test DMIT.  Int. J. Soc. Sci. Manage. Vol-2, issue-3: 301-303 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v2i3.12651 

scholarly journals A Methodology for Providing Individualised Computer-generated Feedback to Students

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Michael Lambiris
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Constructive Feedback ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Student’S Performance ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Insight Into

The traditional way of providing feedback to students after tests or assignments is labour-intensive. This paper explains the concepts and techniques used by the author to build computer-based applications that analyse students’ answers and generate individualised, detailed and constructive feedback. The paper explains how the data gathered from a student’s answers can be combined with other knowledge about the subject matter being taught, and the specific test questions, to create computerised routines that evaluate the individual student’s performance. This information can be presented in ways that help students to assess their progress, both in relation to their acquired knowledge in specified areas of study, and with regard to their ability to exercise relevant skills. In this way, appropriate feedback can be provided to large numbers of students quickly and efficiently. The same techniques can be used to provide information to the instructor about the performance of the group as a whole, with a degree of detail and accuracy that exceeds the impressions usually gained through traditional marking. The paper also explains the role of the subject instructor in designing and creating feedback-generating applications. The methodologies described provide insight into the details of the process and are a useful basis for further experimentation and development.

scholarly journals Dynamic facial expressions of emotion decouple emotion category and intensity information over time

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaona Chen ◽  
Daniel Messinger ◽  
Yaocong Duan ◽  
Robin A A Ince ◽  
Oliver G. B. Garrod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Emotion Classification ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Facial Movements ◽  
Communicative Functions ◽  
Intensity Information ◽  
Dynamic Facial Expressions ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion

Facial expressions support effective social communication by dynamically transmitting complex, multi-layered messages, such as emotion categories and their intensity. How facial expressions achieve this signalling task remains unknown. Here, we address this question by identifying the specific facial movements that convey two key components of emotion communication – emotion classification (such as ‘happy,’ ‘sad’) and intensification (such as ‘very strong’) – in the six classic emotions (happy, surprise, fear, disgust, anger and sad). Using a data-driven, reverse correlation approach and an information-theoretic analysis framework, we identified in 60 Western receivers three communicative functions of face movements: those used to classify the emotion (classifiers), to perceive emotional intensity (intensifiers), and those serving the dual role of classifier and intensifier. We then validated the communicative functions of these face movements in a broader set of 18 complex facial expressions of emotion (including excited, shame, anxious, hate). We find that the timing of emotion classifier and intensifier face movements are temporally distinct, in which intensifiers peaked earlier or later than classifiers. Together, these results reveal the complexities of facial expressions as a signalling system, in which individual face movements serve specific communicative functions with a clear temporal structure.

scholarly journals Culture Shapes the Distinctiveness of Posed and Spontaneous Facial Expressions of Anger and Disgust

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Fang ◽  
Disa Sauter ◽  
Marc Heerdink ◽  
Gerben van Kleef
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Emotional Communication ◽  
Facial Muscle ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion ◽  
First Time ◽  
Homogeneous Culture

There is a growing consensus that culture influences the perception of facial expressions of emotion. However, little is known about whether and how culture shapes the production of emotional facial expressions, and even less so about whether culture differentially shapes the production of posed versus spontaneous expressions. Drawing on prior work on cultural differences in emotional communication, we tested the prediction that people from the Netherlands (a historically heterogeneous culture where people are prone to low-context communication) produce facial expressions that are more distinct across emotions compared to people from China (a historically homogeneous culture where people are prone to high-context communication). Furthermore, we examined whether the degree of distinctiveness varies across posed and spontaneous expressions. Dutch and Chinese participants were instructed to either pose facial expressions of anger and disgust, or to share autobiographical events that elicited spontaneous expressions of anger or disgust. Using the complementary approaches of supervised machine learning and information-theoretic analysis of facial muscle movements, we show that posed and spontaneous facial expressions of anger and disgust were more distinct when produced by Dutch compared to Chinese participants. These findings shed new light on the role of culture in emotional communication by demonstrating, for the first time, effects on the distinctiveness of production of facial expressions.

scholarly journals The Role of State and Trait Anxiety in the Processing of Facial Expressions of Emotion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maddy Dyer ◽  
Angela Suzanne Attwood ◽  
Ian Penton-Voak ◽  
Marcus Robert Munafo
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety

This paper has not yet been peer reviewed.

Promoting and marketing a revolutionary cooking appliance in the 1840s Stanislas Sorel’s portable stove “Le Cordon Bleu” (1834–1849)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-59
Author(s):  
Dirk HR Spennemann
Keyword(s):  
Primary Sources ◽  
Early Form ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Family Dinner ◽  
Scientific World ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose This paper aims to describe the nature and significance of Sorel’s cooking appliance and to examine the promotion and marketing options used by Sorel to make it an appliance that was “widely used in private residences and by small eating houses.” It will highlight the role of the individual and will demonstrate that marketing and promotion strategies that are modulated by the social ambitions of the manufacturer. Design/methodology/approach The basis of this research is extensive quantitative and qualitative analysis of primary sources, mainly the advertisements placed by Sorel, supported by information in contemporary newspapers and journals. Findings Stanislas Sorel’s invention of an early form of thermostat allowed him to develop a stove that could cook a four-course family dinner largely unsupervised, an invention which was poised to revolutionise the lives of many households. Sorel was primarily an inventor striving for acceptance in the scientific world, with limited skills in the commercialisation of his inventions. His promotion and marketing efforts reflect both the social realities of the time and his own ambitions. Originality/value There has been very little research into the way small French inventors and manufacturers approached the marketing of their products. The paper provides a unique insight into the promotion techniques of a mid-nineteenth-century French inventor-cum-entrepreneur and highlights the role of the individual and how actions are constrained by ambition and opportunity. The paper provides an example of how research into how specific individuals can inform the larger history of marketing.

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