INTEGRATIVE COMPLEXITY, COGNITIVE COMPLEXITY AND IMPRESSION FORMATION

1985 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
William V. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Impression Formation ◽  
Cognitive Complexity ◽  
Personal Construct ◽  
Cognitive Set ◽  
Integrative Complexity ◽  
Personal Constructs ◽  
Conflicting Information ◽  
Complex Information

Personal construct integrative complexity (I-C) refers to the assimilation of complex information into a system of impressions. Consistent with Kelly's (1955) theory of personal constructs, Chambers (1983; 1985) found I-C subjects tended to use a credulous approach to life and were better at resolving conflicting information in forming impressions. In similar research, Crockett et al. (1975) showed a measure of cognitive complexity (C-C) interacted with a credulous cognitive set to be predictive of conflict resolution. In the present study, I-C and C-C are compared, in interaction with cognitive set, as predictors of conflict resolution.

Some Correlates of Mode of Conflict Resolution in Impression Formation

1965 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 635-644
Author(s):  
Russell H. Jackson ◽  
Darhl M. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Impression Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cognitive Variables ◽  
Cognitive Characteristics ◽  
Conflicting Information ◽  
Cognitive Differentiation ◽  
Integrated Or ◽  
The Way

The purpose of this research was to relate a number of personality and cognitive characteristics of the perceiver to the way in which an impression is formed from conflicting information about an object person. Instruments measuring 21 variables were administered to 101 Ss. Modes of conflict resolution determined from an impression formation task which presented 6 disparate and conflict-arousing personality traits were categorized as either integrated or unintegrated. The correlations of mode of conflict resolution with the other variables showed that the person who formed an integrated impression was most likely to be female; to have a father who had a greater amount of education; and to score high on construct fluency, thinking introversion, and cognitive differentiation. The intercorrelations among the personality and cognitive variables were also reported.

Construct Structure Associated with Alcohol-Dependent Behavior in Males

1980 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ian Smith ◽  
David R. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Complexity ◽  
Personal Construct ◽  
Statistical Control ◽  
Personal Constructs ◽  
Social Drinking ◽  
Dependent Behavior ◽  
Differential Pattern ◽  
Dependent Sample ◽  
Cognitive Environment ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

The present study investigated the hypothesis that the dimension of construct structure may differentiate between alcohol-dependent and social-drinking individuals. Based on Kelly's theory of personal constructs, the construct structure of a hospitalized alcohol-dependent sample ( n = 60) was compared to that of a social-drinking group ( n = 60). Construct structure was operationally defined in terms of construct organization and construct content, and the results suggested that the alcohol-dependent subjects' personal construct systems could be described in terms of dilated and loose construing. Although there were significant differences in the demographic composition of the two groups, statistical control was imposed by means of a multivariate analysis of variance and covariance, and the differential pattern of construct organization scores between the two groups was maintained. Data indicated that the psychometric properties of the Repertory Grid Test did not justify the separation of the measures of cognitive complexity and constellatoriness, i.e., the tendency to construe elements in a stereotypic or undifferentiated manner, as distinct variables. In other words, these two dependent measures of construct organization represented similar psychological processes, namely, using psychological predictors (constructs) to discriminate between elements in the construer's perceptual-cognitive environment. The results were discussed in relation to the possible clinical implications for the treatment of alcohol-dependent persons.

DEPRESSION AND LOGICAL CONSISTENCY OF PERSONAL CONSTRUCTS

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-206
Author(s):  
W. V. Chambers ◽  
V. Trinh ◽  
L. Parsley
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Personal Construct ◽  
Personal Constructs ◽  
Logical Consistency ◽  
College Sample ◽  
Logical Inconsistency ◽  
Moderate Depression

Neimeyer has suggested that moderately depressed people tend to have relatively disorganized personal construct systems. Non-depressed people see themselves consistently positively, highly depressed people view themselves negatively, while moderately depressed people view the self with ambivalence. Using a grid measure of logical consistency, with a college sample, moderate depression scores were found to accompany greater levels of logical inconsistency. Results offer some support for Neimeyer's suggestion that moderate depression, as opposed to nondepression and deep depression, leads to greater disorganization of construct systems.

A Personal Construct Approach to Perception of Disclosure Targets

1977 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 791-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Neimeyer ◽  
Greg J. Neimeyer
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Personal Construct ◽  
Personal Constructs ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Friendship Formation ◽  
Significant Support ◽  
Interpretive Framework

Investigating the perception of targets for self-disclosure from the perspective of the psychology of personal constructs, it was predicted that respondents from a mixed-nationality group would (a) characterize friends more than acquaintances in terms of ‘superordinate,’ personality-descriptive dimensions, (b) ‘differentiate’ friends more than acquaintances by extensive application of constructs to them, and (c) ‘polarize’ targets for high disclosure by construing them sharply and meaningfully in terms of personally significant dimensions of meaning. All predictions received significant support for 34 college students ( Mdnage 22 yr.) who responded in writing to a questionnaire. The results suggest the fruitfulness of further examining self-disclosure and friendship formation from a vantage point which emphasizes the perceptual and interpretive framework of an adult person.

Personal Constructs, Threat and Attitudes toward Death

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth R. Krieger ◽  
Franz R. Epting ◽  
Larry M. Leitner
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Personal Construct ◽  
Personal Constructs ◽  
Attitudes Toward Death ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Threat Index ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The present study introduced a personal construct approach to the assessment of threat of death. Two experiments were reported in which the relationship of this measure, referred to as the Threat Index, to a number of self-report variables, the Lester Fear of Death Scale, and the Templer Death Anxiety Scale was investigated. A total of 112 college students participated in the experiments which demonstrated a significant relationship between the Threat Index, self-reported fear of death, conceivability of personal mortality, and the Lester Scale. No significant relationship was found between the Threat Index and belief in afterlife, frequency of thoughts about death or suicide, or the Templer Scale. The possible advantages of the Threat Index procedure were discussed in terms of its relationship with the other measures of death concern, the various self-report variables, and previous criticisms of death concern assessment techniques.

Cognitive complexity and primacy-recency effects in impression formation.

1964 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara W. Mayo ◽  
Walter H. Crockett
Keyword(s):  
Impression Formation ◽  
Cognitive Complexity ◽  
Recency Effects

Some evidence for conflict resolution in impression formation.

1955 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Pepitone ◽  
Robert G. Hayden
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Impression Formation

SELF-DISCLOSURE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSTRUING: A PERSONAL CONSTRUCT APPROACH TO INTERPERSONAL PERCEPTIONS

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg J. Neimeyer ◽  
Paul G. Banikiotes ◽  
Lynn E. Ianni
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Personal Construct ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Personal Constructs ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Interpersonal Perceptions ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Psychological Dimensions

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the relationship between self-disclosure (SD) and the types of personal constructs utilized by individuals in conceptualizing their interpersonal relationships. Deriving from Duck's (1973) “inferential theory” of interpersonal relations, SD was conceptualized as a process which mediates the evolution of more advanced, “psychological” construing. As a test of SD's mediational function, it was argued that such dimensions should be differentially meaningful when applied to a range of SD targets. Further, a positive relation between the targets' level of SD and its rated meaningfulness along subjects' own psychological dimensions was predicted. Conversely, no such differentiation was predicted along subjects' earlier, more “physicalistic” constructs. All predictions received support, with one general exception. Highly polarized negative relations, though low SD targets, received more meaningful ratings along psychological constructs than some higher SD targets.

Personal Constructs of Fluency: A Study Comparing Stutterers and Nonstutterers

1990 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Naidoo ◽  
Y G Pillay
Keyword(s):  
Repertory Grid ◽  
Personal Construct ◽  
Repertory Grid Technique ◽  
Personal Constructs ◽  
Grid Technique ◽  
Communication Subsystems

The personal construct systems relating to fluency of a group of five stutterers and a group of five nonstutterers were examined using the repertory grid technique. The results support findings that stereotypical notions about stuttering were characteristic of both stutterers and nonstutterers and did not support Fransella's 1972 assumption that constructs relating to fluency differ in the communication subsystems of stutterers and nonstutterers.

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