Selection of Korean business vocabulary and application-based education for Chinese learners

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 61-80
Author(s):  
Zehua He ◽  
deokyu Park
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Learners ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of intonation contours by Chinese L2 speakers of Dutch: Orthographic closure vs. prosodic knowledge

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuliang He ◽  
Vincent J. van Heuven ◽  
Carlos Gussenhoven
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Linguistic Competence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Question Mark ◽  
Chinese Learners ◽  
Independent Test ◽  
Pitch Contours ◽  
Forced Choice Task ◽  
Selection Of

Chinese learners of Dutch and a control group of native speakers of Dutch were presented with 26 sentences in the order they come in a story, visually as well as auditorily as spoken with four intonation contours. Participants were instructed to select the most appropriate intonation contour for each sentence in a forced choice task. Chinese participants selected the most appropriate version less often than the native speakers, and their selections from the three less appropriate competitors were more chaotic than those of the control group. The performance of the more proficient Chinese participants (as established in an independent test) was closer to that of the native speakers than the performance by the less proficient participants. Chinese participants employed a policy to assign rising contours to orthographic sentences closed by a question mark and falling contours to other sentences. In addition, they avoided choosing intonation contours ending in downstepped falling pitch and falling–rising pitch, pitch contours that are uncommon in their native language. The general acquisition profile follows findings in other areas of linguistic competence in that their performance correlated with age of arrival, not with either age or length of time they had been exposed to Dutch. As far as we are aware, this is the first systematic investigation of second language (L2) learners’ competence in melody selection.

scholarly journals Repair Practices in Phone Conversations: A Case Study of Chinese English Speakers

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Jiahao LIU ◽  
Yiting Peng
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Service Employees ◽  
Local Factors ◽  
Source Type ◽  
Chinese Learners ◽  
Selection Of

Repair, one key concept in conversation analysis, usually refers to the ways of dealing with troubles of speaking, understanding, and hearing in the talk (Schegloff et al., 1977). This paper focuses on the latter two trouble sources, i.e., troubles of hearing and understanding. The study here, of a dataset of interactions concerning information inquiries between two Chinese learners of English and eight service employees in hotels or airlines, investigates how the repair is initiated and completed via phone through the perspective of conversation analysis. It mainly explores (a) how trouble sources are identified by the recipient over the phone; (b) how the repair is initiated in phone conversations; and (c) how repair strategies and repair avoidance are used based on the recipients’ identification of the trouble source type and the importance of the mistake or misunderstanding, in the service industry. The results showcase that Chinese English speakers encounter troubles of understanding and hearing in phone conversations frequently. A selection of initiators and strategies are identified, such as repair preface (e.g., ‘I mean’) and pre-framing. The analysis also illustrates that the service personnel involved tend to either accept the customer’s candidate understanding to avoid the repair or continuously make repairs on their own turns to clarify. Such empirical evidence further supports and validates Kitzinger’s (2013) idea that a) specific repair forms and practices are constrained by a range of local factors, and b) people adopt diversified methods and strategies to ‘fix’ troubles of hearing and understanding.

Cognitive gadgets and cognitive priors

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Domenico Iannetti ◽  
Giorgio Vallortigara
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Some of the foundations of Heyes’ radical reasoning seem to be based on a fractional selection of available evidence. Using an ethological perspective, we argue against Heyes’ rapid dismissal of innate cognitive instincts. Heyes’ use of fMRI studies of literacy to claim that culture assembles pieces of mental technology seems an example of incorrect reverse inferences and overlap theories pervasive in cognitive neuroscience.

Note on Selection of Coordinate Systems for Geodynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Static Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.

Measurements of the Cape Astrometric Survey of the Southern Hemisphere

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 515-521
Author(s):  
W. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Automatic Measuring ◽  
Measuring Machine ◽  
Final Selection ◽  
Selection Of

SummaryA routine has been developed for the processing of the 5820 plates of the survey. The plates are measured on the automatic measuring machine, GALAXY, and the measures are subsequently processed by computer, to edit and then refer them to the SAO catalogue. A start has been made on measuring the plates, but the final selection of stars to be made is still a matter for discussion.

Application of Improved Voltage Compensation in the SEM to Imaging of Organic Materials

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 444-445
Author(s):  
P.J. Killingworth ◽  
M. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Incident Electron Beam ◽  
Specimen Material ◽  
Voltage Compensation ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Ultimate resolution in the scanning electron microscope is determined not only by the diameter of the incident electron beam, but by interaction of that beam with the specimen material. Generally, while minimum beam diameter diminishes with increasing voltage, due to the reduced effect of aberration component and magnetic interference, the excited volume within the sample increases with electron energy. Thus, for any given material and imaging signal, there is an optimum volt age to achieve best resolution.In the case of organic materials, which are in general of low density and electric ally non-conducting; and may in addition be susceptible to radiation and heat damage, the selection of correct operating parameters is extremely critical and is achiev ed by interative adjustment.

Selection and Preparation of Specific Tissue Regions For Tem Using Large Epoxy-Embedded Blocks

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 324-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Lowrie ◽  
W. S. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Embedded Blocks ◽  
Specific Tissue ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Selection Of

The importance of examining stained 1 to 2μ plastic sections by light microscopy has long been recognized, both for increased definition of many histologic features and for selection of specimen samples to be used in ultrastructural studies. Selection of specimens with specific orien ation relative to anatomical structures becomes of critical importance in ultrastructural investigations of organs such as the lung. The uantity of blocks necessary to locate special areas of interest by random sampling is large, however, and the method is lacking in precision. Several methods have been described for selection of specific areas for electron microscopy using light microscopic evaluation of paraffin, epoxy-infiltrated, or epoxy-embedded large blocks from which thick sections were cut. Selected areas from these thick sections were subsequently removed and re-embedded or attached to blank precasted blocks and resectioned for transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

The DQE of an electron image recording system

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-101
Author(s):  
K.-H. Herrmann ◽  
D. Krahl ◽  
H.-P Rust
Keyword(s):  
Primary Electron ◽  
Ideal Case ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Main Requirement ◽  
High Detection ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Video Amplifier ◽  
Detection Quantum Efficiency ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Ideal

The high detection quantum efficiency (DQE) is the main requirement for an imagerecording system used in electron microscopy of radiation-sensitive specimens. An electronic TV system of the type shown in Fig. 1 fulfills these conditions and can be used for either analog or digital image storage and processing [1], Several sources of noise may reduce the DQE, and therefore a careful selection of various elements is imperative.The noise of target and of video amplifier can be neglected when the converter stages produce sufficient target electrons per incident primary electron. The required gain depends on the type of the tube and also on the type of the signal processing chosen. For EBS tubes, for example, it exceeds 10. The ideal case, in which all impinging electrons create uniform charge peaks at the target, is not obtainable for several reasons, and these will be discussed as they relate to a system with a scintillator, fiber-optic and photo-cathode combination as the first stage.

Applications of Transmission Electron Microscopy in the Characterization of Metal Machinability

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 442-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.E. Murr ◽  
A.B. Draper
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
State Physics ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Rotary Table ◽  
Solid State Physics ◽  
Materials Properties ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Selection Of

The industrial characterization of the machinability of metals and alloys has always been a very arbitrarily defined property, subject to the selection of various reference or test materials; and the adoption of rather naive and misleading interpretations and standards. However, it seems reasonable to assume that with the present state of knowledge of materials properties, and the current theories of solid state physics, more basic guidelines for machinability characterization might be established on the basis of the residual machined microstructures. This approach was originally pursued by Draper; and our presentation here will simply reflect an exposition and extension of this research.The technique consists initially in the production of machined chips of a desired test material on a horizontal milling machine with the workpiece (specimen) mounted on a rotary table vice. A single cut of a specified depth is taken from the workpiece (0.25 in. wide) each at a new tool location.

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