Study of serum levels of cefquinome in goats by using microbiological assay method

Abstract Background Stroke (cerebrovascular accident) has for long been a global burden in terms of its morbidity and mortality. Serum levels of cardiac enzymes such as creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) component, troponin T, and brain natriuretic peptide have been found to be elevated among the patients with stroke and also serve to prognosticate these patients. The serum levels of these enzymes correlate directly to the severity of stroke in these patients. Objective Elevated cardiac enzymes among patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents are not uncommon despite the patients not having any cardiac problems. We aimed to identify the occurrence of elevated cardiac enzymes among patients with acute stroke and their correlation with the severity of stroke. Materials and Methods Our study included 100 patients of acute stroke with no previous history of cardiac ailments. Serum levels of troponin I and CK-MB were analyzed among these patients using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method within the first 2 hours of admission. Patients outcome during the hospital stay were analyzed. Stroke severity was assessed using the National Institute of Health Stroke score (NIHS score) and the modified Rankin Score (mRS). The cardiac enzyme levels were correlated with these scores. Results Twenty-eight percent of patients had elevated troponin I, while 72% patients had normal levels with the mean values of 10.36 to 106.54 ng/mL and 0.00 to 0.02 ng/mL, respectively. CK-MB levels were found elevated among 14% patients and normal among 86% patients with mean values of 5.8 to 124.36 and 0.0 to 4.3 ng/mL, respectively. Among the six patients who succumbed to death, three patients had increased troponin I and four had elevated CK-MB. NIHS scores of 21.0357±6.79 and 105.277±5.564 were seen in patients with elevated and normal troponin I, whereas NIHS scores of 20.4285±8.658 and 11.8721±9.273 were seen among patients with increased and normal CK-MB, respectively. The mRS scores were 4.3214±0.367, 2.4305±1.374, 4.2143±1.412, and 2.756±1.749 ng/mL among the patients with elevated and normal troponin I and CK-MB, respectively. Conclusion The mean values of cardiac enzymes troponin I and CK-MB were higher among patients with higher scores of NIHS and mRS. Among them, troponin I was very significant and it may serve as an early biomarker for the severity of stroke and hint on early cardiac evaluation among these patients.

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A MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSAY METHOD FOR p-AMINOBENZOIC ACID

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1016/s0021-9258(18)72283-7 ◽

1943 ◽

Vol 148 (2) ◽

pp. 281-287

Author(s):

Roy C. Thompson ◽

Edith R. Isbell ◽

Herschel K. Mitchell

Keyword(s):

Microbiological Assay ◽

Assay Method ◽

Aminobenzoic Acid

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High-pressure liquid chromatography and microbiological assay in the determination of serum levels using cefradine and cefaclor

Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie Mikrobiologie und Hygiene 1 Abt Originale A Medizinische Mikrobiologie Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie ◽

10.1016/s0174-3031(80)80015-1 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 248 (3) ◽

pp. 414-421

Author(s):

Uwe Ullmann

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

High Pressure Liquid Chromatography ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Microbiological Assay

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Collaborative Study of Turbidimetric Microbiological Assay of Monensin in Chicken Rations

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/60.1.179 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 179-182

Author(s):

H Latham Breunig ◽

Robert E Scroggs ◽

Lealon V Tonkinson ◽

Henry Bikin

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Collaborative Study ◽

Microbiological Assay ◽

Assay Method ◽

Turbidimetric Method ◽

Automated Method ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Feed Form ◽

Automated Methods

Abstract A turbidimetric microbiological assay method for monensin in chicken rations was submitted in a modified form to 8 collaborating laboratories along with randomized and coded samples. Three laboratories used the manual method and 5 used the automated method. Other factors in the experimental design were ration types (broiler starter, broiler finisher, and pullet grower), feed form (meal vs. pellets), and potency level (90 and 110 g/ton) for one ration. Average recoveries for the ration types over all laboratories and feed forms were 87.7—93.13% of label, while mean recoveries in 2 feed forms were 91.7% for meal and 87.6% for pellets. Average recoveries in the 8 laboratories ranged from 84.6 to 106.64% of label for 90 g/ton rations and 87.1 to 106.6% for 110 g/ton rations. There was no significant difference between the manual and the automated methods. The collaborators’ assays were uniform with respect to within-laboratory variation. Relative standard deviations ranged from 4.51 to 10.76% with a median of 6.04%. Agreement with the plate assay is quite good. The turbidimetric method for monensin has been adopted as official first action.

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Microbiological Assay of Monensin in Chicken Rations

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/53.1.49 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 49-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R M Kline ◽

R E Stricker ◽

J D Coffman ◽

H Bikin ◽

R P Rathmacher

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Standard Deviation ◽

Microbiological Assay ◽

Assay Method ◽

Microbiological Activity ◽

Alumina Column ◽

Poultry Feeds ◽

Subtilis Atcc ◽

Bacillus Subtilis Atcc

Abstract A microbiological assay method is described for the coccidiostat monensin in poultry feeds and prerhixes. Samples are extracted with methanol-water (9 + 1), and interfering substances are removed on an alumina column. Microbiological activity in the effluent is measured with Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633). Statistical analysis of data from several different rations prepared as meals and pellets indicate a mean recovery and standard deviation of 94.8 ± 9.7 g monensin/ton from a theoretical potency of 110 g monensin/ton. A mean recovery of 98 ± 7.6 µg/g was obtained from samples prepared by fortifying basal rations with t monensin at 110 µg/g Just before extraction.

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A Microbiological Assay Method for Biotin

Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.3181/00379727-76-18484 ◽

1951 ◽

Vol 76 (2) ◽

pp. 341-343 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

G. G. Villela ◽

A. Cury

Keyword(s):

Microbiological Assay ◽

Assay Method

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A Shorter Microbiological Assay Method for Oxytetracycline and Chlortetracycline

Nature ◽

10.1038/181648b0 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 181 (4609) ◽

pp. 648-649

Author(s):

NYIRI LÁSZLÓ

Keyword(s):

Microbiological Assay ◽

Assay Method

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P–389 The relationship between serum hormone profiles and missed abortion in humans

Human Reproduction ◽

10.1093/humrep/deab130.388 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Y Yang ◽

J Wu ◽

X Wang ◽

J Yao ◽

K S Lao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinese Population ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Assay Method ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Missed Abortion ◽

Fatty Acid Binding ◽

Obesity And Diabetes ◽

Fgf21 Level ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Study question Are circulating profiles of metabolic-related hormones also associated with the missed abortion (MA) in humans? Summary answer Serum levels of fatty acid-binding protein–4 (FABP4) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) are positively associated with MA. What is known already A cluster of endocrine hormones, including FABP4, FGF21, adiponectin, lipocalin–2 (LCN2), exhibit pleiotropic effects on regulating systematic metabolism. Serum levels of them are associated with gestational obesity and diabetes and affect pregnancy outcomes, however, the relationship between their circulating profiles and MA is under-investigated. Study design, size, duration 78 patients with MA and 86 healthy pregnant subjects matching on maternal age and body mass index (BMI) were nested from a prospective cohort in the Chinese population. Participants/materials, setting, methods Fasting serum samples from all participants were collected to test their serum levels of FGF21, FABP4, adiponectin, and LCN2 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method (ELISA). Main results and the role of chance There were no significant differences in circulating profiles of adiponectin and LCN2 between MA patients and healthy pregnant subjects. By contrast, circulating levels of FGF21 and FABP4 were significantly and independently elevated in patients with MA relative to control cases even after adjusting confounding factors (for FGF21: MA: 28.96 ± 2.17 ng/ml; HP: 19.18 ± 1.12 ng/ml, P < 0.001, for FABP4: MA: 152.50 ± 9.31 pg/ml; HP: 90.86 ± 4.14 pg/ml, P < 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed, FGF21 raised every 10 pg/ml contributed to a 24% (95% CI: 15% - 34%) increase in the risk of MA, whereas the OR of FABP4 for the risk of MA was 1.052 (95% CI: 1.022 –1.088). Furthermore, using serum FGF21 level or FABP4 levels discriminated MA from healthy controls with an area under the operating characteristic’s curve (AUROC) of 0.81 (95% CI 0.76–0.92) and 0.70 (95% CI 0.62 - 0.78), respectively. Limitations, reasons for caution The study is limited by the sample size. In addition, our results were based-on Chinese population, whether it could be observed in other ethics group remain to be investigated. Meanwhile, the cause-effect relationship between increased serum FGF21 level and MA remains to be explored. Wider implications of the findings: Our data would suggest that serum levels of FGF21 and FABP4 are associated with MA. Moreover, circulating FGF21 levels may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker for the recognition of M. Trial registration number IRB Ref. No.: KY201913

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