AVALIAÇÃO DE UM INSTRUMENTO DE MENSURAÇÃO DE MORBIDADE PSÍQUICA: ESTUDO DE VALIDAÇÃO DO SELF-REPORTING QUESTIONNAIRE (SRQ-20)

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kionna Oliveira Bernardes Santos ◽  
Tânia Maria de Araújo ◽  
Paloma de Sousa Pinho ◽  
Ana Cláudia Conceição Silva

O Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), desenvolvido pela Organização Mundial de Saúde, tem sido utilizado para mensuração de nível de suspeição de transtornos mentais em estudos brasileiros, especialmente em grupos de trabalhadores. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho do SRQ-20, com base em indicadores de validade (sensibilidade, especificidade, taxa de classificação incorreta e valores preditivos), e determinar o melhor ponto de corte para classificação dos transtornos mentais comuns na população estudada. O estudo incluiu 91 indivíduos selecionados aleatoriamente de um estudo de corte transversal realizado com população residente em áreas urbanas de Feira de Santana (BA). Entrevistas clínicas, realizadas por psicólogas, utilizando o Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R), foi adotada como padrão-ouro. Na avaliação do desempenho do SRQ-20 foram estimados indicadores de validade (sensibilidade e especificidade). A curva Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve (ROC) foi utilizada para determinar o melhor ponto de corte para classificação de suspeitos/não suspeitos. O ponto de corte de melhor desempenho foi de 6/7 para a população investigada, revelando desempenho razoável com área sob a curva de 0,789. Os resultados indicam que o SRQ-20 possui característica discriminante regular.

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lais Luján Pardini

Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron evaluar dos pruebas de ELISA para la detección de anticuerpos en cerdos naturalmente infectados con Toxoplasma gondii, así como también aislar y genotipificar cepas obtenidas a partir de cerdos de Argentina. Una de las pruebas de ELISA fue elaborada con un antígeno nativo TgSAG1 y otra con un antígeno recombinante rGra7. Para la evaluación de ambas pruebas se obtuvieron 602 sueros de cerdos para consumo y para realizar el ELISA-TgSAG1, de ese total se sortearon 300 al azar. Los sueros se analizaron por inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI) e immunoblotting (IB) para la detección de anticuerpos para T. gondii. Aquellos que resultaron serológicamente positivos y/o negativos para ambas pruebas, se utilizaron como estándar relativo de comparación (RSC) y se analizaron por los 2 ELISAs. Se determinó la concordancia y se evaluó la sensibilidad (S) y especificidad (E) utilizando la curva de “receiver operator characteristic curve” (ROC). Se detectaron anticuerpos específicos para T. gondii en 160 de 300 sueros (53,3%) por IB, en 133 de 300 (44.3%) por IFI, y en 123 de 300 sueros (41%) por ELISA-TgSAG1 (P30). Ciento once sueros de los 229 usados como RSC fueron seropositivos, y de ellos 103 resultaron positivos por ELISA-TgSAG1. De los 118 negativos para RSC, 116 fueron negativos por ELISA-TgSAG1. La concordancia entre los resultados obtenidos por RSC y ELISA-TgSAG1 fue excelente (ĸ= 0,9124; p ≥ 0,05). El análisis ROC mostró un área bajo la curva (AUC) altamente precisa de 0,983 relativa a las RSC, se obtuvo una S de 92,8% y una E de 98,3%. En una primera etapa al analizarse por ELISA-rGra7 160 sueros (IFI ≥1:25) concordantes por RSC se obtuvo un valor ĸ de de 0,2941 para RSC/ELISA-rGra7 y una S de 87,5% y una E de 55%. En una segunda etapa (IFI ≥1:50) se analizaron los 229/300 sueros concordantes y se detectaron anticuerpos en 135/229 por ELISA-rGra7. Sin embargo 28/111 sueros positivos de los RSC no fueron detectados por esta prueba y por el contrario 52/118 sueros negativos del grupo RSC se identificaron como positivos. El valor de ĸ entre RSC y ELISA-rGra7 fue de 0,3051, siendo la S de 74,7% y la E de 55,9 %. Se tomaron muestras de tejidos, suero y jugo de carne de cerdos (n=122) de frigorífico, y se analizaron por IFI. Se realizó la digestión pépsica de los tejidos de los animales seropositivos seleccionados (33/48) y el producto de la digestión se inoculó en ratones por vía subcutánea. Si bien se detectaron anticuerpos específicos para T. gondii en 5/95 de los ratones inoculados, no se detectaron taquizoítos en el lavado peritoneal ni ADN específico por PCR. Dos aislamientos previos conservados en el laboratorio de Inmunoparasitología denominados PIG10 y PIG15 se analizaron por PCR-RFLP para determinar su genotipo en relación a los marcadores 5′SAG2, 3′SAG2, BTUB, GRA6, SAG3, c22-8, L358, PK1, c29-2 y Apico. El aislamiento denominado PIG10 correspondió al genotipo II para todos los marcadores, mientras que el aislamiento PIG15 presentó alelos tipo II en todos los marcadores con excepción del marcador Apico, para el que correspondió al tipo I. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos es posible concluir que la prueba de ELISA-TgSAG1 es muy adecuada para la detección sensible y específica de anticuerpos en cerdos naturalmente infectados. Luego de observar la baja concordancia obtenida para IFI/ ELISA-rGra7, IB /ELISA-rGra7 y con los RSC, se considera que la proteína recombinante rGra7 bajo las condiciones en que fue utilizada en este estudio, no permitiría detectar correctamente animales seropositivos y/o seronegativos. Esto podría relacionarse con la estructura de la proteína recombinante empleada, derivada del modelo de expresión procarionte o a la metodología utilizada para la purificación de la misma. La imposibilidad de aislar T. gondii de los animales muestreados en este estudio, probablemente se deba a que la carga parasitaria presente en los tejidos no fue suficiente para infectar a los ratones inoculados, sin embargo, fue capaz de inducir respuesta inmune. De acuerdo a nuestro conocimiento esta es la primera vez que se realiza la tipificación por PCRRFLP de cepas aisladas de cerdos en nuestro medio.


2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Tanka Prasad Bohara ◽  
Dimindra Karki ◽  
Anuj Parajuli ◽  
Shail Rupakheti ◽  
Mukund Raj Joshi

Background: Acute pancreatitis is usually a mild and self-limiting disease. About 25 % of patients have severe episode with mortality up to 30%. Early identification of these patients has potential advantages of aggressive treatment at intensive care unit or transfer to higher centre. Several scoring systems are available to predict severity of acute pancreatitis but are cumbersome, take 24 to 48 hours and are dependent on tests that are not universally available. Haematocrit has been used as a predictor of severity of acute pancreatitis but some have doubted its role.Objectives: To study the significance of haematocrit in prediction of severity of acute pancreatitis.Methods: Patients admitted with first episode of acute pancreatitis from February 2014 to July 2014 were included. Haematocrit at admission and 24 hours of admission were compared with severity of acute pancreatitis. Mean, analysis of variance, chi square, pearson correlation and receiver operator characteristic curve were used for statistical analysis.Results: Thirty one patients were included in the study with 16 (51.61%) male and 15 (48.4%) female. Haematocrit at 24 hours of admission was higher in severe acute pancreatitis (P value 0.003). Both haematocrit at admission and at 24 hours had positive correlation with severity of acute pancreatitis (r: 0.387; P value 0.031 and r: 0.584; P value 0.001) respectively.Area under receiver operator characteristic curve for haematocrit at admission and 24 hours were 0.713 (P value 0.175, 95% CI 0.536 - 0.889) and 0.917 (P value 0.008, 95% CI 0.813 – 1.00) respectively.Conclusion: Haematocrit is a simple, cost effective and widely available test and can predict severity of acute pancreatitis.Journal of Kathmandu Medical College, Vol. 4(1) 2015, 3-7


1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Schellenberg ◽  
M Martin ◽  
E Cacès ◽  
J Y Bénard ◽  
J Weill

Abstract We describe a technique for measuring carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) in serum. Serum transferrin fractions are separated by anion-exchange chromatography on microcolumns. Sialic acid-deficient transferrin fractions are collected in the eluate, and transferrin is then quantified by a rate-nephelometric technique. Imprecision (CV) was 4-5% within-run and 7-9% between runs (n = 15). Comparison with an isoelectric focusing-immunofixation method for transferrin index (x) yielded y = 761x + 7, Sy/x = 39 mg/L. Assay of sera from 90 abstainers or moderate consumers of alcohol showed that 81 (90%) had CDT concentrations between 30 and 70 mg/L. Among 74 alcoholics admitted to an alcohol treatment center, 54 (73%) had CDT > 70 mg/L, i.e., the diagnostic sensitivity was 73% at a specificity of 90% (area under receiver-operator characteristic curve = 0.891).


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotaro Ouchi ◽  
Toru Sakuma ◽  
Takahiro Higuchi ◽  
Jun Yoshida ◽  
Ryosuke Narui ◽  
...  

Abstract PurposeCardiac computed tomography (CT) depiction of the relationship between spontaneous echocardiographic contrast (SEC) and findings of the left atrial appendage (LAA) has not been reported. We evaluated predictors of SEC within the LAA using findings of cardiac CT in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed cardiac CT findings of the LAA, including morphology, volume, and filling defects, of 641 patients who underwent Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) prior to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) from January 6, 2013 through December 16, 2019 at our institution. We investigated potential associated factors that might be predictors of SEC and computed a receiver operator characteristic,choosing a threshold value at which the likelihood of SEC could be predicted based on the LAA volume indexed for body size.ResultsSEC correlated significantly with history of persistent AF (P<0.001; odds ratio [OR], 3.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.91–7.29), LAA early filling defects (P =0.003; OR, 2.83; 95% CI, 1.43–5.62), LAAFV (P<0.001; OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96–0.99), and indexed LAA volume (P = 0.001; OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.07–1.30) of 8.04 cm3/m2 or greater (sensitivity, 75.0%; specificity, 48.7%).The addition of LAAFV to indexed LAA volume increased the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve from 0.642 to 0.724 (P< 0.001).ConclusionFindings of LAA in cardiac CT might allow the noninvasive estimation of SEC and additional information for risk stratification and management of thromboembolic events in patients with AF.


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-131
Author(s):  
Michael R. DeBaun ◽  
Harold C. Sox

Erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EP) was introduced in the 1970s as an inexpensive screening test for lead poisoning. As greater knowledge of lead poisoning has accumulated, the recommended EP level at which further evaluation for lead poisoning should be initiated has been lowered from ≥50 µg/dL to ≥35 µg/dL. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of this EP threshold. A receiver operator characteristic curve was constructed to assess the relationship between the true-positive rate and false-positive rate of EP at various decision thresholds. The receiver operator characteristic curve was constructed with data from the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1976 to 1980, which included 2673 children 6 years of age or younger who had both blood lead and EP level determinations. Decision analysis was then used to determine the optimal EP decision threshold for detecting a blood lead level ≥25 µg/dL. The receiver operator characteristic curve demonstrated that EP is a poor predictor of a blood lead level ≥25 µg/dL. At the currently recommended EP decision threshold of 35 µg/dL, the true-positive rates and false-positive rates of EP are 0.23 and 0.04, respectively. As a result of the inadequate performance of EP screening for lead poisoning, when the prevalence of lead poisoning is greater than 8%, there is no EP decision threshold that optimizes the relationship between the cost of screening normal children and the benefit of detecting lead-poisoned children. Erythrocyte protoporphyrin measurement is not sufficiently sensitive to be recommended uniformly as a screening test for lead poisoning.


Head & Neck ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 1066-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas B. Chepeha ◽  
Matthew E. Spector ◽  
Steven B. Chinn ◽  
Keith A. Casper ◽  
Eric J. P. Chanowski ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 232596712110193
Author(s):  
Milos Lesevic ◽  
John T. Awowale ◽  
Thomas E. Moran ◽  
David R. Diduch ◽  
Stephen F. Brockmeier ◽  
...  

Background: Corticosteroid injection and physical therapy remain the mainstay of treatment for idiopathic adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder; however, a certain percentage of patients will not improve using these interventions and will require manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) and/or lysis of adhesions (LOA). Purpose: To evaluate whether the immediate pain reduction after fluoroscopic-guided, mixed anesthetic-corticosteroid injection for idiopathic adhesive capsulitis is related to the eventual need for LOA/MUA or a repeat glenohumeral steroid injection. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This single-institution study involved patients undergoing fluoroscopic glenohumeral corticosteroid injection for a diagnosis of idiopathic adhesive capsulitis between 2010 and 2017. Included were patients with a minimum of 1-year postinjection follow-up and visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores from immediately before and after the injection. The primary analysis was the relationship between patients with an immediate change in VAS score after injection and those who underwent LOA/MUA. A repeat glenohumeral injection was also evaluated as an outcome. Receiver operator characteristic curves and a multivariate binomial logistic regression analysis were performed. Results: Overall, 739 shoulders in 728 patients (mean age, 52.6 years; 68% women) were included, of which 38 (5.1%) underwent LOA/MUA and 209 (28%) underwent repeat injections. The immediate change in the VAS score was not significantly associated with the eventual need for LOA/MUA. Preinjection VAS and immediate postinjection VAS scores were not significant predictors of eventual LOA/MUA or subsequent injection. For all 3 predictors, the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve classified them as extremely poor discriminators. Conclusion: The immediate pain response to a fluoroscopic-guided glenohumeral injection for idiopathic shoulder adhesive capsulitis was not predictive of the eventual need for LOA/MUA or subsequent injection. Patients can be counseled that even if their initial pain response to an injection is poor, they still have an excellent chance of avoiding surgery, as the overall rate of LOA/MUA was low (5.1%).


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