scholarly journals Relationships among ß-hydroxybutyrate, calcium and non-esterified fatty acids in blood with milk yield losses at early lactation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-35
Author(s):  
Rufino López-Ordaz ◽  
Gabriela Pérez-Hernández ◽  
Hugo Alonso Ramírez-Ramírez ◽  
Reyes López-Ordaz ◽  
Germán David Mendoza-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Risk Thresholds ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunctions

The objectives were to study the associations of concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate acid (BHBA), calcium (Ca2+), and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in blood serum 7 d prepartum with losses in milk yield (MY) and metabolic dysfunctions at seven and 14 d of lactation. Three hundred and thirty-six (336) Holstein-Friesian (780 ± 36 kg BW; which had lactated more than twice) were sampled by coccygeal venipuncture, 7 d before, and 7 and 14 d after parturition. For each sample and metabolite serum concentrations were stratified in thresholds and related to MY. When BHBA levels were high 7 d before parturition and were related to MY at d-7 postpartum, it was observed that 11.00 % of the cows lost 0.370 kg d-1 of milk. In contrast, no relationship was observed between BHBA prepartum and MY on d-14 of lactation. It was not observed any association between high NEFA and low Ca2+ levels prepartum and MY. NEFA concentrations ≥ 0.5 mmol L-1 on d-7 before calving were 7.6 more susceptible for lameness incidence (P≤ 0.01), and when BHBA ≥ 0.8 mmol L-1 cows were 2.4 times more likely to develop ketosis (P≤0.05) in the first 60 d in milk. In brief, data indicate that a high proportion of cows are above the thresholds of β-hydroxybutyrate and non-esterified fatty acids, and are also deficient in calcium, when determined one week before parturition. The risk thresholds for each metabolite were not associated with the amount of milk lost at d-14 after calving.

The effect of space allowance and milk yield level on the performance and behaviour of dairy cattle housed in straw yards

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 108-108
Author(s):  
J. A. Fregonesi ◽  
J.D. Leaver
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Ways Of Coping ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
Face Width ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cows

Space allowance could be an important variable affecting production, health, reproductive performance and behaviour of dairy cattle. Also, high and low yielding cows may have different ways of coping with insufficient space allowance. The aim of this experiment was to study the influence of space allowance and milk yield level on the performance and behaviour of strawyard housed dairy cows.The experiment was carried out using 24 Holstein Friesian cows with two groups in early lactation of high (over 30 kg/day milk yield) and two groups in late lactation of low yield (under 25 kg/day milk yield). The groups were allocated to strawyard systems with low stocking density (bed area/cow = 9 m2; pen area/cow = 13.5 m2; feed face width/cow = 1.5 m) or high stocking density (bed area/cow = 4.5 m2; pen area/cow = 6.75 m2; feed face width/cow = 0.75m) conforming to a changeover design with two periods, each of four weeks. The cows were fed a total mixed ration ad libitum and 2kg/cow/day of concentrate in the milking parlour. All animals were milked twice daily.

scholarly journals An examination of two concentrate allocation strategies which are based on the early lactation milk yield of autumn calving Holstein Friesian cows

animal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 796-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lawrence ◽  
M. O’Donovan ◽  
T.M. Boland ◽  
E. Lewis ◽  
E. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Allocation Strategies ◽  
Friesian Cows

scholarly journals Determination metabolic and nutritional status in dairy cows during early and mid lactation

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radojica Djokovic ◽  
Zoran Ilic ◽  
Vladimir Kurcubic ◽  
Milan Petrovic ◽  
Violeta Caro-Petrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Beta Hydroxybutyrate

The objective of the present study was to investigate nutritional and metabolic status in Simmental cows during early and mid-lactation. Fifteen early lactating cows and 15 mid lactating cows were chosen for the investigation. Blood samples were collected to measure beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglycerides (TG), glucose and the activity of aspartate transaminase (AST). Early lactation as compared to mid lactating cows were found to have significantly higher (P<0.05) blood serum concentrations of NEFA, BHB and AST and lower blood serum concentrations of glucose (P<0.05) and TG (P>0.05). Significantly negative correlations were observed between BHB and glucose (P<0.01), BHB and TG (P<0.05), NEFA and glucose (P<0.05). Significantly positive correlations were observed between NEFA and BHB (P<0.05), NEFA and AST (P<0.05), glucose and TG (P<0.01). The results suggest that these parameters can serve as useful indicators of the nutritional and metabolic status of dairy cows during lactation.

Responses to a long-chain fatty acid supplement fed to dairy cows at two stages of lactation

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
TM Davison ◽  
FP Vervoort ◽  
F Duncalfe
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Fatty Acid Supplement ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Feeding Systems

A group of 36 Holstein-Friesian cows in a commercial dairy herd were used to test the effects on milk yield and composition of feeding 0.5 kg/day of a rumen-inert fat supplement containing long-chain fatty acids, given in addition to their normal ration. The group was divided into early and mid lactation cows, and the effect of the supplement was evaluated over a 12-week period of grazing predominantly kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum) pastures. There was a non-significant (P>0.05) trend to increased milk yield for cows in mid lactation (9% or 2.8 kg milk/kg fat supplement), no response in early lactation, and an overall response of 0.8 kg milk/kg fat supplement for all cows. There was no effect (P>0.05) of fat supplement on milk components. The lack of a milk response in the early lactation group is discussed in relation to the protein content of the diet and changes in liveweight. The varied responses with stage of lactation mean that feeding systems that can easily differentiate stages of lactation for cows would be required in dairies.

scholarly journals Risk factors and milk yield losses associated with lameness in Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle

animal ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 1230-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.M. Onyiro ◽  
J. Offer ◽  
S. Brotherstone
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Holstein Friesian

scholarly journals Associations of periparturient β-hydroxybutyric acid and non-esterified fatty acids blood serum concentrations with milk yield, milk composition and milk somatic cells count of intensively managed Chios dairy ewes

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Karagiannis ◽  
C. Brozos ◽  
E. Kiossis ◽  
C. Boscos ◽  
G. Fthenakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Hydroxybutyric Acid ◽  
Dairy Ewes ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Intensive System

This Research Paper addresses the hypothesis whether in dairy ewes: periparturient β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentrations are associated with milk yield, composition and udder halves with increased somatic cell counts (SCC ≥ 0.5 × 106 cells/mL). A total of 186 Chios ewes reared under intensive system were used for this research. Serum BHBA and NEFA concentrations were measured before lambing (-30d,  -15d), and BHBA concentrations after lambing (+7d, +15d, +30d, +45d). Milk samples were collected at 15, 30 and 45days in milk (DIM). Total milk yield (MY) of the first 30, 60 and 90 DIM and total fortnightly milk yield (FMY) produced from 15 to 59 DIM were recorded. Positive associations between BHBA at +7d and MY of the first 30, 60 and 90 DIM were revealed (P < 0.001). For every increased unit of BHBA at +15d, +30d and +45d, FMY was decreased (DIM: 15 – 29 and 30 – 44) (P = 0.001 and P = 0.015, respectively) or increased (DIM: 45 – 59) (P < 0.001). BHBA before lambing (-30d, -15d) affected the number of halves presented SCC ≥ 0.5 × 106 cells/mL at 15 and 30 DIM (P = 0.011, P = 0.014, P = 0.009, P = 0.096, respectively). Finally, for every increased unit of BHBA during lactation (+15d, +30d, +45d) a decrease in the concentration of milk in proteins, solids not fat and lactose was noted (P < 0.001). This work demonstrates the associations of periparturient blood biochemical parameters (BHBA, NEFA) with milk yield and specific milk production characteristics.

The effect of space allowance and milk yield level on the performance and behaviour of dairy cattle housed in straw yards

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 108-108
Author(s):  
J. A. Fregonesi ◽  
J.D. Leaver
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Ways Of Coping ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
Face Width ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cows

Space allowance could be an important variable affecting production, health, reproductive performance and behaviour of dairy cattle. Also, high and low yielding cows may have different ways of coping with insufficient space allowance. The aim of this experiment was to study the influence of space allowance and milk yield level on the performance and behaviour of strawyard housed dairy cows.The experiment was carried out using 24 Holstein Friesian cows with two groups in early lactation of high (over 30 kg/day milk yield) and two groups in late lactation of low yield (under 25 kg/day milk yield). The groups were allocated to strawyard systems with low stocking density (bed area/cow = 9 m2; pen area/cow = 13.5 m2; feed face width/cow = 1.5 m) or high stocking density (bed area/cow = 4.5 m2; pen area/cow = 6.75 m2; feed face width/cow = 0.75m) conforming to a changeover design with two periods, each of four weeks. The cows were fed a total mixed ration ad libitum and 2kg/cow/day of concentrate in the milking parlour. All animals were milked twice daily.

Effect of level of meat-and-bone meal and pasture type on milk yield and composition of cows grazing tropical pastures

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
TM Davison ◽  
WD Jarrett ◽  
R Clark
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Tropical Pastures ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Tropical Grass ◽  
Friesian Cows

An experiment was conducted with Holstein-Friesian cows to determine the effect on milk yield and composition of feeding different amounts of meat-and-bone meal (MBM). Thirty-two cows grazed either tropical grass pastures fertilised with nitrogen (GN) or tropical grass-legume pasture (GL). Cows were offered 2.5 kg DM/day of a molasses supplement incorporating 1 of 4 levels of MBM: 0, 250, 500 or 750 g DM/day. The experiment was conducted over the first 160 days of lactation. With GN pastures, fat-corrected milk (FCM) yield (kg/cow.day) for days 1-160 of lactation was linearly related to the intake of MBM (kg DM/cow.day) and was described by the equation FCM = 14.0 + 1.84 MBM (P<0.01, R2 = 0.95). Most of this response occurred in the first 100 days of lactation, when significant I (P<0.05) relationships between milk yield, FCM yield and intake of MBM were found. Milk yield and FCM yield of cows grazing grass-legume pastures were increased by feeding MBM, but the FCM response was a mean of 32% less than with the nitrogen-fertilised pasture and non-significant at the 5% confidence level. The following mean values over 160 days were recorded for cows on GN and GL pastures, respectively: milk yield, 15.8 and 17.4 kg/day; FCM yield, 14.6 and 16.7 kg/day; butterfat, 3.54 and 3.69%; solids-not-fat, 8.40 and 8.59%; lactose, 4.91 and 4.95%. It was concluded that a MBM supplement will increase the milk yield for cows grazing nitrogen-fertilised pastures, but only during early lactation.

Comparison between two preventive treatments for hyperketonaemia carried out pre-partum: effects on non-esterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate and some biochemical parameters during peripartum and early lactation

2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Enrico Fiore ◽  
Laura Perillo ◽  
Matteo Gianesella ◽  
Claudia Giannetto ◽  
Elisabetta Giudice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare the effect of two different preventive protocols, on serum β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentration and liver health indices pre-partum and during early-lactation in high-yielding Holstein dairy cows. One hundred cows were randomly divided into three groups: control group (CTRL, n = 20, without preventive treatment), second group (SUPP, n = 40 animals treated with a compound based on acetyl-methionine, inositol, cyanocobalamin, l-alanine, l-arginine, l-threonine, l-glutamic acid supplementation and α-lipoic acid) and third group (MON, n = 40 animals treated with monensin). Blood samples were collected from all cows at on 3 occasions pre-partum and 3 occasions post-partum. Body condition (BCS) score was evaluated and glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), BHB, triglycerides, total cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), total bilirubin, total proteins, globulins, albumin and urea concentrations were assessed. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was applied. Statistically significant differences among the three experimental groups were found in the values of all studied parameters (P < 0.05). Our results confirm the established beneficial effect of MON treatment in decreasing BHB levels and increasing glucose availability after calving. Serum biochemical analysis revealed the expected post-partum alterations attributable to adaptations that influenced the metabolism and liver function in CTRL, whereas these alterations were reduced or absent in SUPP and MON. Results from the present study suggest that both preventive protocols, but in particular SUPP, could positively affect selected indicators of energy metabolism reducing the risk of hyperketonaemia and increase of liver function in Holstein dairy cows, both pre- and post-partum.

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