scholarly journals Not the Far-Right Only: Which Parties Occupy the Niche of Cultural Protectionism in the EU Countries?

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 692-705
Author(s):  
Ivan I. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Spatial Competition ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Party Competition ◽  
Far Right ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
North Western

In the 2010s many moderate parties in Europe began to use the agenda of the far-rights, competing with them on the same field. This article is devoted to the problem of inter-party competition in European countries amidst the rise of far-right parties. We also intended to check if the far-right profile is the same for all EU countries. To achieve the goal of the study, we used two databases on party positioning - MARPOR (Comparative Manifesto Project) and CHES (Chapel Hill Expert Survey). The study revealed that the consolidated family of the far-rights exists only in the countries of North-Western Europe, while in the countries of East-Central Europe the agenda of the far-rights is less consolidated and regionally heterogeneous. The mainstream competitors of the far-rights included mostly conservatives in North-Western Europe, and various parties, including the Social Democrats, in East-Central Europe. The study confirmed the hypothesis about the serious influence of the far-rights on mainstream politics. At the same time, it questioned the traditional approach which attributes the far-right profile only to far-right parties and ignores both regional differences and the factor of spatial competition.

Do religious voters support populist radical right parties? Opposite effects in Western and East-Central Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 135406882098518
Author(s):  
Kamil Marcinkiewicz ◽  
Ruth Dassonneville
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Far Right ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Populist Radical Right ◽  
Religious Devotion ◽  
Radical Right Parties

The rise of populist radical right parties fuels a discussion about the roots of their success. Existing research has demonstrated the relevance of gender, education and income for explaining the far-right vote. The present study contributes to the aforementioned debate by focusing on the role of religiosity. The data collected in the eighth round of the European Social Survey (2016) allow examining in more detail the political relevance of attendance at religious services and other measures of religious devotion. This study focuses in particular on 15 countries, 11 from Western Europe and 4 from East-Central Europe. In none of the Western European countries is there evidence of a positive relationship between religiosity and vote for a populist radical right party. In fact, in many countries of this region more religious voters are substantively less inclined to support far-right movements. The situation is different in parts of East-Central Europe. In Poland, and to a weaker extent also in Hungary, the probability of a vote for right-wing populists increases with religiosity.

Foreign Debt in the New East-Central Europe: A Threat to European Integration?

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
R A Gibb ◽  
W Z Michalak
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Economic Geography ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
English Language ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Stabilization Policies

East-Central Europe (Hungary, Poland, and Czechoslovakia—ECE) is one of the least known parts of the world in English-language geography. In spite of its proximity to Western Europe and the European Community (EC) it has received a very modest amount of attention from English-speaking geographers compared with that from German-speaking and French-speaking colleagues. Studies of political and economic geography of the ECE are also hampered by the lack of appropriate methodology and theory. Some of the most important issues involved lie in the economic sphere of transition from a centrally planned economy to a market economy. In the current paper, an attempt is made to survey and evaluate the size and character of existing debt stocks owed to the West by ECE and then to assess their likely impact on the political and economic geography of Europe and the EC. It is concluded that the international financial community is making it politically difficult for the countries in the region to persist with their structural reforms and stabilization policies. The future political and economic geography of ECE and EC depends, to a large extent, on the ability of the Western financial system to respond to the long-term needs of the region.

Die Stadt, Der Adel Und Das Theater. Prag Und Lemberg Im 19. Jahrhundert Im Vergleich

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 99-119
Author(s):  
Philipp Ther
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Power Struggles ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Political Groups ◽  
Opera Houses

AbstractThis article examines nobles' influence on the culture of cities in East Central Europe. In a follow-up to his latest book, the author compares the opera theatres in Lemberg and Prague, and considers how they positioned themselves vis-á-vis their respective cities. The article explains the rise and fall of aristocratic dominance that for a long time ran counter to the embourgeoisement of the opera stages of Western Europe. In East Central Europe, the aristocracy was vital in establishing public theatres which became the most significant competitors of court theatres in the first half of the nineteenth century. The article also analyses power struggles over the theatre between various social and political groups in the second half of the nineteenth century, when the intelligentsia increasingly questioned nobles' domination of the theatre. Although these power struggles destabilized the respective opera houses at times, they contributed to the identification of the two cities with them. The article ends by outlining how Prague and Lemberg fashioned themselves as "opera cities."

Die Expansion der Reichswerke „Hermann Göring“ in Europa

2008 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Wixforth ◽  
Dieter Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
World War ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
German State ◽  
East Central ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Second World

AbstractThis article examines the ways and means by which the German state-controlled concern Reichswerke Hermann Göring expanded into the occupied mining areas in Austria, East Central Europe and Western Europe before and during the Second World War. Only about five years after its foundation in 1937 the Reichswerke had already become the largest industrial conglomeration for heavy industry and armaments in Europe. Despite certain differences in time (before the War and during the War) and region (East Central Europe and Western Europe) the expansion of the Reichswerke is characterized in the first place by blackmail and theft. In this respect it served as a prototype for other state and party controlled enterprises and it acts as a model to partly explain the brutalization of the business practices performed by private businesses in occupied Europe during the Second World War.

Reconceptualizing the Social: East Central Europe and the New Sociocultural History

2008 ◽  
Vol 34-35 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantin Iordachi
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Future Research ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Europe

This introductory essay reviews recent debates on social history, with a focus on the revival of this field of studies in post-communist East Central Europe and its potential impact on rejuvenating approaches to the social history of Europe. The first part of the essay provides a brief overview of the emergence of social history as a reaction to the dominant political history of the nineteenth century and its crystallization in different national schools, and highlights recent responses to the poststructuralist and postmodern critiques of “the social.” The second part focuses on traditions of social history research in East Central Europe, taking Poland and Romania as main examples. The third part summarizes the main claims of the articles included in this issue and evaluates their implications for future research. It is argued that, at first glance, post-communist historiography in East Central Europe provides the picture of a discipline in transformation, still struggling to break up with the past and to rebuild its institutional framework, catching up with recent trends and redefining its role in continental and global historiography. The recent attempts to invigorate research in traditional fields of social history might seem largely obsolete, not only out of tune with international developments but also futile reiterations of vistas that have been for long experimented with and superseded in Western Europe. At closer scrutiny, however, historiography in East Central Europe appears—unequal and variegated as it is—as a laboratory for historical innovation and a field of experimentation, and interaction of scholars from various disciplines and scholarly traditions, in which old and new trends amalgamate in peculiar ways. It is suggested that the tendency to reconceptualize the “social” that we currently witness in humanities and social sciences worldwide could be not only reinforced but also cross-fertilized by the “social turn” in East Central Europe, potentially leading to novel approaches.

scholarly journals An Englishman in-between Two Worlds: Robert Bargrave’s Travel through East-Central Europe, 1652-1653

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (4 (244)) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Anna Kalinowska
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Excellent Opportunity ◽  
Travel Diary

An Englishman in-between Two Worlds: Robert Bargrave’s Travel through East-Central Europe, 1652-1653 The article discusses a journey of a young Englishman Robert Bargrave (1628-1661), who in the early 1650s travelled from Constantinople to England. The travel diary recording this journey reflects Bargrave’s keen interest in the customs, everyday life and languages as well as natural conditions and economy of the places he visited and shows that he tried to place it in a wider context. As a result, closer analysis of this text gives us an excellent opportunity to examine the picture of East -Central Europe as seen by a mid-seventeenth century Englishman and the way he perceived it in relation to both the Ottoman Empire and Western Europe.

scholarly journals Dependent capitalism and the middle-income trap in Europe na East Central Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-303
Author(s):  
Martin Myant
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
East Central ◽  
Model Following ◽  
Near Future

Abstract The post-2008 slowdown in economic convergence by countries of east central Europe towards the level of western Europe is interpreted with the help of a concept of dependent capitalism. Convergence appeared to be rapid up to that year, but then stalled, albeit with differing results depending on the measure used. Dependent capitalism meant that the driver for economic growth comes from inward investment by multinational companies (MNCs). Domestically owned businesses failed when faced with international competition, and their agenda hampers policies supporting an active role from the state. Inward investment is attracted by low wages and has contributed to substantial growth, but the slowdown in investment was accompanied by much slower economic growth and dangers that past investment could turn into a burden on the external balance. The strategies pursued by incoming MNCs have brought areas of upgrading, but frequently leave technological levels somewhat behind those of western Europe. Even where they use the same technologies as in their home countries, wages still remain significantly lower. Achieving full convergence would require a different growth model following a substantial change in economic policies: this does not appear likely in the near future.

scholarly journals Refleksja nad koncepcją folwarcznych korzeni polskiej kultury gospodarczej Janusza Hryniewicza

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 49-65
Author(s):  
Wiesław Banach
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Social System ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Economic Practices ◽  
Economic Culture

The main aim of the article is to examine Janusz Hryniewicz’s concept of Polish economic culture. According to the discussed author, a lot of elements present in contemporary Polish companies and organizations (economic practices) are the result of participation in an East-Central Europe economic and social system based on agriculture. Processes of long duration led to a division of the European space in the 16th century: in Western Europe we can see the development of capitalism and its institutions; in East-Central Europe, the rise of a social and economic system based on the manorial-serf economy (called new serfdom). Hryniewicz tries to show the link between rules of misconduct in the 16th century manor farm and the contemporary attitude to the job of workers and managers alike. The paper is an attempt to show the discussed concept from an anthropological and cultural studies perspective.

History of the Research Project: "Women and Power in Medieval East Central Europe"

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-225
Author(s):  
Marianne Saghy
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Research Project ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Historical Structures ◽  
Women And Power ◽  
And Function

AbstractWomen have been generally relegated to the margins of traditional historiography. They have often been presented as romantic heroines - good or bad - but most of the time they were utterly neglected as historical actors. A prevalent tendency of the nouvelle histoire is the revision of these inherited and by now strongly dated approaches. Modern histori ans try to reconstruct how women lived and worked in the past; they analyze women's roles and functions as integral parts of larger socio-historical structures. While in Western Europe and in the United States women's history has become a research field on its own and produced remarkable results, in East Central Europe this change of attitude towards women in history has not yet happened. By launching a research project on "Women and Power in East Central Europe," the Central European University's Department of Medieval Studies sought to encourage young scholars of the region to study and to reevaluate the roles and positions of women in medieval history. We aimed at making the medieval experience of the region a little less "tiresome" and more interesting by including women's political and cultural presence - the role and function of queens, princesses, and aristocratic women - into the sphere of exploranda and explananda.

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