A Study on the Impact of Mortgage Loan Regulations on Apartment Prices

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-68
Author(s):  
Joo-Hee Lee ◽  
Seon-Jong Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Mortgage Loan ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Choosing the Appropriate Amount of Mortgage Loan: Risk Based Decision Making

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Suleyman Gokhan Gunay ◽  
Kasirga Yildirak
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Mortgage Loan ◽  
Stochastic Interest Rates ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Historical Simulation ◽  
Stochastic Interest ◽  
Loan Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

<p>The main purpose of this paper is to show the way to conduct a risk based mortgage loan choice process for low and middle income households in Turkey. There are several studies that analyze the impact of buying a house decision on an investor’s portfolio, which consists of house, stocks and bonds. In this study, house is treated as a single investment. The probability of defaults for the cash flows based on mortgage payments, rents, down payment and depreciation are calculated in order to find the amount of mortgage loan for a given rent and maturity. Net present values of cash flows related with buying a house are calculated via stochastic interest rates based on historical simulation. It is found that the amount of mortgage loan can be determined by risk based approach and a rational choice can be made in terms of household risk management.</p>

scholarly journals MORTGAGE FINANCING AND HOUSING DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 182-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris O. Udoka ◽  
Mary Kpataene
Keyword(s):  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Housing Development ◽  
Mortgage Loan ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Savings And Loans ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

This study examined mortgage financing and housing development in Nigeria. The main focus of this research was to ascertain the impact of mortgage loan in housing development in Nigeria. To achieve this objective, data were extracted from CBN statistical bulletin and National Bureau of Statistics from 1990 to 2014. Three hypotheses were formulated and tested using econometric models such as Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test, the co-integration tests revealed the existence of a long-run relationship among the variables. The Error Correction Model established causal links and dynamic interactions between variables by granger causality test. The result of the findings showed a significant relationship between mortgage financing and housing development in Nigeria. Variables such as mortgage loan and interest rate had positive and significant impact on housing development while cost of building had a negative effect on housing development in Nigeria. Further findings revealed that mortgage bank deposit had positive effect on mortgage investment while inflation had a negative effect on mortgage investment. The study recommended that mortgage institution in Nigeria should develop strategies to mobilize more deposits and explore new sources of fund such as funds from the capital market via housing bonds, savings and loans from co-operative societies. Government should create an enabling environment for private housing sector in housing development in Nigeria by providing infrastructure and enhancing soundness and competitiveness of mortgage institutions in Nigeria.

BANK LENDING DURING THE COVID-19 CRISIS: EVIDENCE FROM SWITZERLAND

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (40) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Yu. Strilchuk ◽  
K. Cherkashyna ◽  
I. Krasnova ◽  
S. Arzhevitin ◽  
T. Semenenko
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Mortgage Loan ◽  
Bank Loan ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Consumption Expenditures ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. This paper is devoted to the analysis of the influence of bank lending on the economy in Switzerland during COVID-19 pandemic. Analysis of the main economic indicators (GDP and its components, inflation, monetary supply) before and during corona-crisis proves that the impact of corona-crisis is stronger than that of the 2008—2009 financial crisis. A sharp decline of GDP, exports and imports is underlined. The components of GDP that were most stable over the last 12 years and did not decrease during the 2008—2009 financial crisis, namely «Households Consumption Expenditures» and «Total Consumption Expenditures», had a negative trend in 2020. It outlines the non-economic nature of the crisis. The pandemic period is characterized by growth of inflation and changes of the money supply structure, such as a reduction of deposits in transaction accounts by half. The most vulnerable economic entity was the population, whose solvency decreased significantly. It led to the consumption and transactions reduction. It is underlined that in such conditions bank lending can be used to boost consumption, consumer demand, stimulate economic growth. The authors’ analysis demonstrates that the amounts of credit lines and utilisation were higher in 2020 during ongoing pandemic compared to the previous year. Loans to individuals remain the most significant in banks credit portfolio, its share was 66 % at the end of 2020. At the same time corporate loans grow faster during the crisis, which indicates businesses have higher demand for credit and use it as a crisis management tool. Contrary to the existing opinion on the negative impact of bank lending on inflation, the article proves that the increase of bank lending as part of fiscal and monetary policy measures has a positive impact on economic recovery during and after the crisis. The analysed Swiss experience can be used in Ukrainian realities. Keywords: bank loan, mortgage loan, corporate loan, lending, Switzerland, COVID-19.  JEL Classification Е42, Е50, F29, G21 Formulas: 0; fig.: 7; tabl.: 2; bibl.: 17.

scholarly journals The impact of inflation on the cost of adjustable-rate mortgages

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 113-134
Author(s):  
Tomasz Musiałowski
Keyword(s):  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Mortgage Loan ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Cost ◽  
National Bank ◽  
Adjustable Rate ◽  
Adjustable Rate Mortgage ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Aim: To assess how inflation affects the cost of adjustable-rate mortgage from the perspective of personal finances.Design / Research methods: Adjustable-Rate Mortgage simulations were carried out, showing both the nominal and real costs of a mortgage loan. The behavior and the relationship between the inflation rate and WIBOR 3M rate were compared.Conclusions / findings: The analysis shows that the real cost of mortgage decreases with an increase in inflation. During the period under review, inflation declined, reducing both the real and nominal cost of the loan. There was a strong positive correlation between the WIBOR 3M rate and the inflation rate. Equally strong, although a negative correlation was observed between the inflation rate and the real interest rate. With the decline in inflation, real mortgage rates increased, and vice versa. Particular attention was paid to the periods in which inflation was rising. WIBOR 3M rate reacted to this increase to a much lesser extent and with a lag compared to the inflation rate.Originality / value of the article: Considering that forecasts presented by the National Bank of Poland predict inflation growth in the coming years, a thorough examination of the inflation impact on the mortgage costs is an important issue for risk management in households with mortgage.

Formation of Lunar Craters and Bright Rays as a Result of Meteorite Impacts

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
K. P. Stanyukovich ◽  
V. A. Bronshten
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Charge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorite Impacts ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
The Impact

The phenomena accompanying the impact of large meteorites on the surface of the Moon or of the Earth can be examined on the basis of the theory of explosive phenomena if we assume that, instead of an exploding meteorite moving inside the rock, we have an explosive charge (equivalent in energy), situated at a certain distance under the surface.

The Geosciences Applied to Lunar Exploration

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 169-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lunar Exploration ◽  
Geological Model ◽  
Apply Geophysics ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
The Impact

The term geo-sciences has been used here to include the disciplines geology, geophysics and geochemistry. However, in order to apply geophysics and geochemistry effectively one must begin with a geological model. Therefore, the science of geology should be used as the basis for lunar exploration. From an astronomical point of view, a lunar terrain heavily impacted with meteors appears the more reasonable; although from a geological standpoint, volcanism seems the more probable mechanism. A surface liberally marked with volcanic features has been advocated by such geologists as Bülow, Dana, Suess, von Wolff, Shaler, Spurr, and Kuno. In this paper, both the impact and volcanic hypotheses are considered in the application of the geo-sciences to manned lunar exploration. However, more emphasis is placed on the volcanic, or more correctly the defluidization, hypothesis to account for lunar surface features.

Asteroid and Comet Impact Speeds upon Mars: Significance for Panspermia and the Supply of Organics

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Steel
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Significant Fraction ◽  
Organic Chemicals ◽  
Impact Speed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWhilst lithopanspermia depends upon massive impacts occurring at a speed above some limit, the intact delivery of organic chemicals or other volatiles to a planet requires the impact speed to be below some other limit such that a significant fraction of that material escapes destruction. Thus the two opposite ends of the impact speed distributions are the regions of interest in the bioastronomical context, whereas much modelling work on impacts delivers, or makes use of, only the mean speed. Here the probability distributions of impact speeds upon Mars are calculated for (i) the orbital distribution of known asteroids; and (ii) the expected distribution of near-parabolic cometary orbits. It is found that cometary impacts are far more likely to eject rocks from Mars (over 99 percent of the cometary impacts are at speeds above 20 km/sec, but at most 5 percent of the asteroidal impacts); paradoxically, the objects impacting at speeds low enough to make organic/volatile survival possible (the asteroids) are those which are depleted in such species.

Organic Syntheses During the Impact of a Comet with a Gaseous Planet

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
Cesare Guaita ◽  
Roberto Crippa ◽  
Federico Manzini
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Material ◽  
Molecular Form ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Blue Filter ◽  
Organic Syntheses ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA large amount of CO has been detected above many SL9/Jupiter impacts. This gas was never detected before the collision. So, in our opinion, CO was released from a parent compound during the collision. We identify this compound as POM (polyoxymethylene), a formaldehyde (HCHO) polymer that, when suddenly heated, reformes monomeric HCHO. At temperatures higher than 1200°K HCHO cannot exist in molecular form and the most probable result of its decomposition is the formation of CO. At lower temperatures, HCHO can react with NH3 and/or HCN to form high UV-absorbing polymeric material. In our opinion, this kind of material has also to be taken in to account to explain the complex evolution of some SL9 impacts that we observed in CCD images taken with a blue filter.

Hydrogen Cyanide Polymers from the Impact of Comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Clifford N. Matthews ◽  
Rose A. Pesce-Rodriguez ◽  
Shirley A. Liebman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocycles ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Heterogeneous Solids ◽  
The Many ◽  
Comet Halley ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products

AbstractHydrogen cyanide polymers – heterogeneous solids ranging in color from yellow to orange to brown to black – may be among the organic macromolecules most readily formed within the Solar System. The non-volatile black crust of comet Halley, for example, as well as the extensive orangebrown streaks in the atmosphere of Jupiter, might consist largely of such polymers synthesized from HCN formed by photolysis of methane and ammonia, the color observed depending on the concentration of HCN involved. Laboratory studies of these ubiquitous compounds point to the presence of polyamidine structures synthesized directly from hydrogen cyanide. These would be converted by water to polypeptides which can be further hydrolyzed to α-amino acids. Black polymers and multimers with conjugated ladder structures derived from HCN could also be formed and might well be the source of the many nitrogen heterocycles, adenine included, observed after pyrolysis. The dark brown color arising from the impacts of comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter might therefore be mainly caused by the presence of HCN polymers, whether originally present, deposited by the impactor or synthesized directly from HCN. Spectroscopic detection of these predicted macromolecules and their hydrolytic and pyrolytic by-products would strengthen significantly the hypothesis that cyanide polymerization is a preferred pathway for prebiotic and extraterrestrial chemistry.

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